Using gas mixtures of CO, CO and H as microbial substrates: the do's and don'ts of successful technology transfer from laboratory to production scale.

The reduction of CO emissions is a global effort which is not only supported by the society and politicians but also by the industry. Chemical producers worldwide follow the strategic goal to reduce CO emissions by replacing existing fossil-based production routes with sustainable alternatives. The smart use of CO and CO /H mixtures even allows to produce important chemical building blocks consuming the said gases as substrates in carboxydotrophic fermentations with acetogenic bacteria.

Metabolic physiology of aroma-producing Kluyveromyces marxianus.

Kluyveromyces marxianus has a high potential for industrial production of aroma compounds, such as 2-phenylethanol, which is derived in a bioconversion from L-phenylalanine. In the present work the product yield of K. marxianus in batch cultivation was estimated as 0.