Binge eating, mood, and quality of life in youth with type 2 diabetes: baseline data from the today study.

Objective: The current study examines the prevalence of binge eating and its association with adiposity and psychosocial functioning in a large, diverse sample of youth with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: In the TODAY study, 678 (mean age 14.0 years; 64.

Clarifying boundaries of binge eating disorder and psychiatric comorbidity: a latent structure analysis.

Binge eating disorder (BED) presents with substantial psychiatric comorbidity. This latent structure analysis sought to delineate boundaries of BED given its comorbidity with affective and anxiety disorders. A population-based sample of 151 women with BED, 102 women with affective or anxiety disorders, and 259 women without psychiatric disorders was assessed with clinical interviews and self-report-questionnaires.

Who is really at risk? Identifying risk factors for subthreshold and full syndrome eating disorders in a high-risk sample.

Background: Numerous longitudinal studies have identified risk factors for the onset of most eating disorders (EDs). Identifying women at highest risk within a high-risk sample would allow for focusing of preventive resources and also suggests different etiologies.

Method: A longitudinal cohort study over 3 years in a high-risk sample of 236 college-age women randomized to the control group of a prevention trial for EDs.

Discounting of Various types of rewards by women with and without binge eating Disorder: Evidence for general rather than specific Differences.

The present study compared the extent to which obese women with binge eating disorder (BED), obese women without BED, and controls discounted delayed and probabilistic money and directly consumable rewards: food, massage time, and preferred sedentary activity. Of special interest was whether the BED group differed from the other groups in terms of their discounting of all three types of directly consumable rewards or only in their discounting of food. Overall, the BED group tended to discount both delayed and probabilistic rewards of all types more steeply than the obese and control groups.

A laboratory-based study of mood and binge eating behavior in overweight children.

Purpose: Associations between negative mood and binge eating in the laboratory are well-established in adults, but such data are limited in youth. We investigated the relation between mood and binge eating in children using a laboratory feeding paradigm.

Method: Overweight girls, aged 6-12 years, with (BE; n=23) and without (control, CON; n=23) reported objective and/or subjective binge eating underwent both sad and neutral mood inductions, followed by multi-item buffet meals.

A prospective study of pediatric loss of control eating and psychological outcomes.

Loss of control (LOC) eating in youth is associated cross-sectionally with eating-related and psychosocial distress and is predictive of excessive weight gain. However, few longitudinal studies have examined the psychological impact and persistence of pediatric LOC eating. We administered the Eating Disorder Examination and self-reported measures of depressive and anxiety symptoms to 195 boys and girls (mean age = 10.

Early intervention of eating- and weight-related problems.

Obesity and other eating-related problems are widespread and are associated with harmful physical, psychological, and social problems. The dramatic increases in rates of pediatric obesity has created a mounting need for psychologists and other mental health care providers to play a significant role in the assessment and treatment of youth with eating- and weight-related problems. Therefore, it is imperative for providers to be aware of the causes and consequences of eating- and weight-related problems and to be familiar with evidence-based assessment and intervention approaches.

Heterogeneity moderates treatment response among patients with binge eating disorder.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore heterogeneity and differential treatment outcome among a sample of patients with binge eating disorder (BED).

Method: A latent class analysis was conducted with 205 treatment-seeking, overweight or obese individuals with BED randomized to interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), behavioral weight loss (BWL), or guided self-help based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBTgsh). A latent transition analysis tested the predictive validity of the latent class analysis model.

Psychosocial and familial impairment among overweight youth with social problems.

Objective: Emerging research indicates that overweight children with social impairments are less responsive to weight control interventions over the long term. A better understanding of the breadth and psychosocial correlates of social problems among overweight youth is needed to optimize long-term weight outcomes.

Methods: A total of 201 overweight children, aged 7-12 years, participated in a randomized controlled trial of two weight maintenance interventions following family-based behavioral weight loss treatment.

An eating disorder-specific model of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-ED): causal pathways and treatment implications.

Several studies support the efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) in the treatment of eating disorders. Treatment outcomes are likely to be augmented through a greater understanding, and hence treatment targeting, of the mechanisms whereby IPT induces therapeutic gains. To this end, the present paper seeks to develop a theoretical model of IPT in the context of eating disorders (IPT-ED).

The use of biosimulation in the design of a novel multilevel weight loss maintenance program for overweight children.

Weight loss outcomes achieved through conventional behavior change interventions are prone to deterioration over time. Basic learning laboratory studies in the area of behavioral extinction and renewal and multilevel models of weight control offer clues as to why newly acquired weight loss skills are prone to relapse. According to these models, current clinic-based interventions may not be of sufficient duration or scope to allow for the practice of new skills across the multiple community contexts necessary to promote sustainable weight loss.

Psychological treatments of binge eating disorder.

Context: Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is an effective specialty treatment for binge eating disorder (BED). Behavioral weight loss treatment (BWL) and guided self-help based on cognitive behavior therapy (CBTgsh) have both resulted in short-term reductions in binge eating in obese patients with BED.

Objective: To test whether patients with BED require specialty therapy beyond BWL and whether IPT is more effective than either BWL or CBTgsh in patients with a high negative affect during a 2-year follow-up.

The significance of overvaluation of shape and weight in binge eating disorder.

As publication of DSM-V draws near, research is needed to validate the diagnostic scheme for binge eating disorder (BED). Shape and weight overvaluation has stimulated considerable debate in this regard, given associations with psychosocial impairment and poor treatment outcome in BED. This study sought to further explore the convergent validity and diagnostic specificity of shape and weight overvaluation in BED.

A pilot study of interpersonal psychotherapy for preventing excess weight gain in adolescent girls at-risk for obesity.

Objective: Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is effective at reducing binge episodes and inducing weight stabilization in obese adults with binge eating disorder.

Method: We piloted the administration of IPT to girls at-risk for excess weight gain (BMI 75th-97th percentile; IPT-WG) with and without loss of control (LOC) eating. Thirty-eight girls (12-17 years) were randomized to IPT-WG or a standard-of-care health education group.

Reduction of overweight and eating disorder symptoms via the Internet in adolescents: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Overweight in adolescence is a significant problem which is associated with body dissatisfaction and eating disorder (ED) behaviors. Cost-effective methods for early intervention of obesity and prevention of ED are important because of the refractory nature of both. This multisite RCT evaluated an Internet-delivered program targeting weight loss and ED attitudes/behaviors in adolescents.

Anorexia nervosa trios: behavioral profiles of individuals with anorexia nervosa and their parents.

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with behavioral traits that predate the onset of AN and persist after recovery. We identified patterns of behavioral traits in AN trios (proband plus two biological parents).

Method: A total of 433 complete trios were collected in the Price Foundation Genetic Study of AN using standardized instruments for eating disorder (ED) symptoms, anxiety, perfectionism, and temperament.

Subtyping children and adolescents with loss of control eating by negative affect and dietary restraint.

Objective: Research suggests that subtyping adults with binge eating disorders by dietary restraint and negative affect predicts comorbid psychopathology, binge eating severity, and treatment outcome. Little research has explored the validity and clinical utility of subtyping youth along these dimensions.

Method: Children (aged 8-18 years) reporting loss of control eating (n=159) were characterized based upon measures of dietary restraint and negative affect using cluster analysis, and then compared regarding disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, and parent-reported behavior problems.

Do adherence variables predict outcome in an online program for the prevention of eating disorders?

Unlike traditional interventions, Internet interventions allow for objective tracking and examination of the usage of program components. Student Bodies (SB), an online eating disorder (ED) prevention program, significantly reduced ED attitudes/behaviors in college-aged women with high body image concerns, and reduced the development of EDs in some higher risk subgroups. The authors investigated how adherence measures were associated with ED attitudes and behaviors after treatment.

Randomized, controlled trial of an internet-facilitated intervention for reducing binge eating and overweight in adolescents.

Objective: This study examined the efficacy of an Internet-facilitated intervention for weight maintenance and binge eating in adolescents.

Methods: A total of 105 adolescent male and female high school students at risk for overweight (mean age: 15.1 +/- 1.

Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in overweight youth.

Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors appear to be quite common in youth, and overweight youth have been identified as a subset of the population at particularly high risk for endorsing such symptoms. Overweight and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology independently confer significant threats to one's physical and psychosocial health, showing strong links with body weight gain and risk for ED development. When concurrent, the risk for negative health outcomes may be compounded.

The clinical significance of loss of control over eating in overweight adolescents.

Objective: Given limited data on the diagnostic validity of binge eating disorder (BED) in adolescents, this study sought to characterize overweight adolescents according to types of overeating episodes.

Method: Ninety-six adolescents (ages 13-17 years) with recurrent binge eating (BE), loss of control with or without overeating (subclinical BE; SUB), overeating without loss of control (OE), and no overeating or loss of control episodes (CONTROL) were compared on weight/shape concerns and depressive symptoms using ANCOVA and post-hoc least squares difference tests.

Results: BE and SUB adolescents had higher weight/shape concern scores than OEs and CONTROLs (ps < .

A multisite investigation of binge eating behaviors in children and adolescents.

The phenomenology of childhood and adolescent loss of control (LOC) eating is unknown. The authors interviewed 445 youths to assess aspects of aberrant eating. LOC was associated with eating forbidden food before the episode; eating when not hungry; eating alone; and experiencing secrecy, negative emotions, and a sense of "numbing" while eating (ps<.

Toward an understanding of risk factors for anorexia nervosa: a case-control study.

Background: Prospective, longitudinal studies of risk factors for anorexia nervosa (AN) are lacking and existing cross-sectional studies are generally narrow in focus and lack methodological rigor. Building on two studies that used the Oxford Risk Factor Interview (RFI) to establish time precedence and comprehensively assess potential risk correlates for AN, the present study advances this line of research and represents the first case-control study of risk factors for AN in the USA.

Method: The RFI was used for retrospective assessment of a broad range of risk factors, while establishing time precedence.

Efficacy of sibutramine for the treatment of binge eating disorder: a randomized multicenter placebo-controlled double-blind study.

Objective: Preliminary evidence suggests that the antiobesity agent sibutramine is effective in the treatment of binge eating disorder, impacting both binge eating and weight. This study is the first large-scale, multisite, placebo-controlled trial to test the efficacy of sibutramine in binge eating disorder.

Method: Participants (N=304) who met DSM-IV criteria for binge eating disorder were randomly assigned to 24 weeks of double-blind sibutramine (15 mg) or placebo treatment.

Efficacy of maintenance treatment approaches for childhood overweight: a randomized controlled trial.

Context: No trials for childhood overweight have examined maintenance interventions to augment the effects of initial weight loss programs.

Objectives: To determine the short-term and long-term efficacy of 2 distinct weight maintenance approaches vs no continued treatment control following standard family-based behavioral weight loss treatment for childhood overweight, and to examine children's social functioning as a moderator of outcome.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A parallel-group, randomized controlled trial conducted between October 1999 and July 2004 in a university-based weight control clinic.