Immediate skin-to-skin contact and postpartum hemorrhagic morbidity.

Objective: To examine rates of postpartum hemorrhagic (PPH) morbidity among patients who did and did not have immediate skin-to-skin contact (SSC).

Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort of all non-anomalous, term singleton vaginal births at a Level IV center over 2 years. Exclusion criteria included COVID-19.

Stepwise isolation of diverse metabolic cell populations using sorting by interfacial tension (SIFT).

We present here a passive and label-free droplet microfluidic platform to sort cells stepwise by lactate and proton secretion from glycolysis. A technology developed in our lab, Sorting by Interfacial Tension (SIFT), sorts droplets containing single cells into two populations based on pH by using interfacial tension. Cellular glycolysis lowers the pH of droplets through proton secretion, enabling passive selection based on interfacial tension and hence single-cell glycolysis.

Formal Dearomative Hydroamination of 2-Arylphenols.

An acid-promoted dearomative rearrangement of -arylhydroxylamines affords 2-aminocyclohexadien-1-ones, which can in turn be reductively quenched for the synthesis of -aminoalcohols on a cyclohexadiene core. This method serves as an efficient entry to the pharmaceutically relevant 1-arylcyclohexylamine scaffold in two steps (one purification) from commercially available or readily prepared 2-arylphenols.

Postpartum Hemorrhagic Morbidity with Scheduled versus Unscheduled Cesarean Delivery at Term.

Objective:  This study aimed to compare the composite maternal hemorrhagic outcomes (CMHOs) among term (≥37 weeks) singletons who had scheduled versus unscheduled cesarean deliveries (CDs). A subgroup analysis was done for those without prior uterine surgeries.

Study Design:  Retrospectively, we identified all singletons at term who had CDs.

Stepwise Isolation of Diverse Metabolic Cell Populations Using Sorting by Interfacial Tension (SIFT).

We present here a passive and label-free droplet microfluidic platform to sort cells stepwise by lactate and proton secretion from glycolysis. A technology developed in our lab, Sorting by Interfacial Tension (SIFT), sorts droplets containing single cells into two populations based on pH by using interfacial tension. Cellular glycolysis lowers the pH of droplets through proton secretion, enabling passive selection based on interfacial tension and hence single-cell glycolysis.

Lesion Mapping of the Spelling System's Central Cognitive Functions.

The goal of this study was to improve our understanding of the central cognitive functions of spelling: orthographic long-term memory, phoneme-to-grapheme conversion, and orthographic working memory. To do so, we present a methodological innovation to support vector regression lesion-symptom mapping, which uses a deficit spectrum index to identify brain areas associated with one of each pair of spelling deficits. Using this approach, we find evidence of distinct neural substrates that are selectively associated with each of the three central spelling components, supporting a componential functional architecture of spelling.

Evidence-based surgery for cesarean hysterectomy secondary to placenta accreta spectrum: A systematic review.

Objective: In this systematic review, we aim to propose evidence-based management for perioperative care to improve outcomes at the time of planned cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum, a procedure associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity.

Data Sources: We conducted a literature search for studies published in MEDLINE (via Ovid), Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane/CENTRAL up until February 25, 2022. The search included free-text and controlled-vocabulary terms for cesarean section, cesarean delivery, and hysterectomy.

Nulliparous with Class III Obesity at Term: Labor Induction or Cesarean Delivery without Labor.

Objective:  This study aimed to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes between labor induction versus cesarean delivery (CD) without labor among nulliparous individuals with class III obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥40 kg/m).

Study Design:  A retrospective cohort study of all nulliparous singleton deliveries at ≥37 weeks with a BMI of ≥40 kg/m at delivery between March 2020 and February 2022. We excluded individuals with spontaneous labor, fetal malformations, and stillbirths.

Regioselective Syntheses of 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyridines via 5-Chloro-3-fluoro-2-(methylsulfonyl)pyridine.

We report the high-yielding, large-scale, one-pot synthesis of two versatile building blocks ( and -) for the regioselective synthesis of a variety of 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyridines from inexpensive materials. These molecules are readily derivatized at positions 2, 3, and 5. These building blocks can also be used for the synthesis of fused pyrido-oxazines and for the synthesis of 2,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyridines.

The English Sublexical Toolkit: Methods for indexing sound-spelling consistency.

This work introduces the English Sublexical Toolkit, a suite of tools that utilizes an experience-dependent learning framework of sublexical knowledge to extract regularities from the English lexicon. The Toolkit quantifies the empirical regularity of sublexical units in both the reading and spelling directions (i.e.

Risk of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Stratified by Severity.

Objective:  We aimed to determine the composite maternal hemorrhagic outcome (CMHO) among individuals with and without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), stratified by disease severity. Additionally, we investigated the composite neonatal adverse outcome (CNAO) among individuals with HDP who had postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) versus did not have PPH.

Study Design:  Our retrospective cohort study included all singletons who delivered at a Level IV center over two consecutive years.

Cortical and Subcortical Mechanisms of Orthographic Word-form Learning.

We examined the initial stages of orthographic learning in real time as literate adults learned spellings for spoken pseudowords during fMRI scanning. Participants were required to learn and store orthographic word forms because the pseudoword spellings were not uniquely predictable from sound to letter mappings. With eight learning trials per word form, we observed changes in the brain's response as learning was taking place.

Pseudoword spelling: insights into sublexical representations and lexical interactions.

In this work we introduce a new tool for measuring English spelling-sound consistency, the PG Toolkit, which we use to conduct detailed analyses of pseudoword spellings that provide new insights into the nature of sublexical and lexical representations. There are several key findings: first, sound-spelling consistency measured at two different "grain sizes", phonographeme and onset/rime, each explained unique variance in pseudoword spelling. Second, lexical skill was more related to pseudoword accuracy at the onset/rime level than at the phonographeme level, and individuals who chose more consistent mappings to spell pseudowords tended to have better lexical skill.

Written discourse in diagnosis for acquired neurogenic communication disorders: current evidence and future directions.

Purpose: We aimed to perform the first review of research focusing on written discourse performance in people with acquired neurogenic communication disorders. In studies from 2000 onward, we specifically sought to determine: (1) the differences between patient populations and control groups, (2) the differences between different patient populations, (3) longitudinal differences between patient populations, and (4) modality differences between spoken and written discourse performance.

Methods: We completed a thorough search on MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, APAPsycinfo, Web of Science, and Scopus databases.

Increased neural differentiation after a single session of aerobic exercise in older adults.

Aging is associated with decreased cognitive function. One theory posits that this decline is in part due to multiple neural systems becoming dedifferentiated in older adults. Exercise is known to improve cognition in older adults, even after only a single session.

Interpolated retrieval retroactively increases recall and promotes cross-episode memory interdependence.

Retrieving existing memories before new learning can lead to retroactive facilitation. Three experiments examined whether interpolated retrieval is associated with retroactive facilitation and memory interdependence that reflects integrative encoding. Participants studied two lists of cue-response word pairs that repeated across lists (A-B, A-B), appeared in list 1 (A-B, -), or included the same cues with changed responses in each list (A-B, A-C).

A Strep A vaccine global demand and return on investment forecast to inform industry research and development prioritization.

Investment in Strep A vaccine R&D is disproportionately low relative to the large burden of Strep A diseases globally. This study presents a novel Strep A vaccine global demand and financial forecast model with estimates of potential global demand and associated revenue and profits for a hypothetical Strep A vaccine as well as a net present value (NPV) analysis of return on capital investments required to develop the vaccine. A positive NPV was calculated for a variety of developer scenarios and target populations, including the global rollout of the vaccine in private and public markets by a multinational pharmaceutical corporation and a staged rollout by a developing country vaccine manufacturer for both infant and child populations.

The right hemisphere's capacity for language: evidence from primary progressive aphasia.

The role of the right hemisphere (RH) in core language processes is still a matter of intense debate. Most of the relevant evidence has come from studies of gray matter, with relatively little research on RH white matter (WM) connectivity. Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging-based tractography, the current work examined the role of the two hemispheres in language processing in 33 individuals with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA), aiming to better characterize the contribution of the RH to language processing in the context of left hemisphere (LH) damage.

Endometrial cancer patients understanding and interest in weight loss surgery.

Objective: Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial hyperplasia (EH), endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN), and early type 1 endometrial cancer (EC) in 70%-90% of patients and is often a significant contributor to overall morbidity and mortality due to comorbidities. In 2011, bariatric surgery (BS) with lifestyle modification was identified as an intervention for reduction in overall mortality as well as risk for gynecologic cancers (Tsui et al., 2021).

Dearomatization of Cyclic Diphenylhydrazines: Harnessing the -Semidine Rearrangement for the Synthesis of Spirocyclic Tetrahydroquinolines.

The synthesis of novel tetrahydroquinoline-containing spirocycles has been achieved through an acid-promoted dearomatization of cyclic diarylhydrazines. The reaction, proceeding through a dearomative -semidine rearrangement, furnishes a stable, yet reactive spirocyclohexadieniminium ion, which can further be used as an electrophile or a diene in a one-pot sequence. These transformations efficiently produce novel diazaspirocycles and allow for further synthetic elaboration of the cyclohexadienamine products.

Treatment of the Linguistic and Temporal Components of Lexical Activation to Improve Word Retrieval in Aphasia.

Current approaches to treatments for word processing impairments in aphasia emphasize two components to target, the linguistic content, semantic or phonological representations of words, and the processing component, access to and retrieval of those representations. In this study, we explore these two components of a treatment to improve lexical activation that supports access and retrieval of word representations. Five people with aphasia participated.