A systematic mental health assessment of first-year students at a historically Black college.

Background: A systematic diagnostic mental health assessment was conducted with first-year students at Paul Quinn College, a small historically Black college/university (HBCU) in Dallas, Texas.

Methods: A sample of 128 students was assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-5 and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.

Results: Nearly one-third of students were diagnosed with a current psychiatric disorder, most commonly substance use disorders (17%) and major depressive disorder (9%).

Sire selection and genetic improvement of dairy cattle assuming pure market competition.

Breeding companies and farmers rely on selection indices to identify sires they expect to improve production system profitability. Such indices combine estimates of genetic merit for individual traits with corresponding economic values that are fixed based on circumstances at a particular time. Perfect market competition has also been proposed as an economic basis to value alternative sires.

Strain hardening and anisotropy in tensile fracture properties of sheared model Mozzarella cheeses.

We studied the tensile fracture properties of model Mozzarella cheeses with varying amounts of shear work input (3.3-73.7 kJ/kg).

Protection Against Nephropathy in Diabetes with Atorvastatin (PANDA): a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of high- vs. low-dose atorvastatin(1).

Aims: To compare the renal effects of low- vs. high-dose atorvastatin in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and optimally managed early renal disease.

Methods: We compared the 2-year progression of nephropathy in a double-blind randomized controlled trial of atorvastatin 80 mg/day (n = 60) vs.

Water quality and herbivory interactively drive coral-reef recovery patterns in American Samoa.

Background: Compared with a wealth of information regarding coral-reef recovery patterns following major disturbances, less insight exists to explain the cause(s) of spatial variation in the recovery process.

Methodology/principal Findings: This study quantifies the influence of herbivory and water quality upon coral reef assemblages through space and time in Tutuila, American Samoa, a Pacific high island. Widespread declines in dominant corals (Acropora and Montipora) resulted from cyclone Heta at the end of 2003, shortly after the study began.

Stabilizing effect of exenatide in a patient with C-peptide-negative diabetes mellitus.

Background: Exenatide is an incretin mimetic licensed for treatment of Type 2 diabetes poorly controlled despite maximally tolerated doses of oral therapy. Similar in structure to the natural incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), it helps restore underlying pathophysiological abnormalities.

Case Report: We report the successful use of exenatide, combined with insulin, in a 66-year-old woman initially diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes in 1989 but now exhibiting a Type 1 phenotype.

Interclinician variation in diabetes foot assessment--a national lottery?

Aim: The aim was to evaluate variation among clinicians in the outcome of assessments of foot health status and risk status in patients with diabetes.

Methods: Seventeen clinicians assessed three patients with diabetes using a standardized assessment form and risk classification system.

Results: There was variation among clinicians in all aspects of the assessment; recording basic demographic information; taking a medical history; vascular and neurological assessments.

A pilot randomized trial in primary care to investigate and improve knowledge, awareness and self-management among South Asians with diabetes in Manchester.

Aims: To investigate whether a secondary-primary care partnership education package could improve understanding of diabetes care among South Asians.

Methods: In a pilot randomized controlled trial, in the setting of eight general practices randomized to intervention or control, patients were invited to four or more rotating visits per year by one of a diabetes specialist nurse, dietician or chiropodist working with general practice staff. Participants were from lists of South Asian patients with known Type 2 diabetes in each (general) practice.

Diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by thyrotoxicosis.

We report two patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, previously well controlled with good compliance, presenting with unexplained diabetic ketoacidosis. Following initial correction of the metabolic disorder, persisting tachycardia lead to the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. In both cases, treatment with propranolol and carbimazole helped in the stabilization of their metabolic states.

Thyrotoxicosis in old age: a different clinical entity?

Thyrotoxicosis generally presents with classic signs and symptoms in younger people. Among the elderly population atypical presentation is recognized, although this has not been well quantified or characterized. To avoid misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis, clinical suspicion needs to remain high.

British Diabetic Association guidelines on genetic and immune screening for type 1 diabetes mellitus.

The following article is a report from the Chairman of the Professional Advisory Committee of the British Diabetic Association. The committee, with the help of a number of experts currently working in the field, produced a set of guidelines intended for use by health care professionals on the issues around genetic screening for Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The guidelines were approved by the Board of Management of the British Diabetic Association and we publish them here.

Routine analysis of proteins by Kjeldahl and Dumas methods: review and interlaboratory study using dairy products.

The Kjeldahl and Dumas (combustion) methods were compared in 11 laboratories analyzing samples of milk, skim milk powder, whole milk powder, whey protein concentrate, infant formula, casein, caseinate, 2 reference compounds (glycine and EDTA), and a secondary reference skim milk powder. The comparison was conducted by using international standards where applicable. Overall means were 8.

A comparison of qualitative and quantitative research methods used to assess knowledge of foot care among people with diabetes.

Many diabetes-related pathologies, especially among neuropathic patients, are potentially avoidable. Prevention, however, requires appropriate knowledge and understanding. To assess our ability to effect change in behaviour we need adequate tools to measure not only knowledge but also understanding and change of behaviour.

Optimal treatment of erectile failure in patients with diabetes.

Erectile failure, although a common problem in male diabetic patients, is one of the most neglected complications of diabetes. The availability of drugs like alprostadil (prostaglandin E1; PGE1) and papaverine for intracavernosal injection and the development of vacuum tumescence devices, while making therapy simple, have also reduced the necessity for specialised investigations. In the past 10 years, alprostadil has been shown to be the safest and the most effective of the intracavernosal self-injection treatments of erectile dysfunction.

Cushing's syndrome: still a potential killing disease.

When Harvey Cushing described his syndrome in 1932 he named it the killing disease because of its cardiovascular complications. Heart failure is rarely reported as a presenting feature. We report a case in which left ventricular failure (LVF) was the predominant feature, associated with gross left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) which regressed after treatment.

Fluoxetine in the treatment of obese type 2 diabetic patients.

In a 12-month randomly allocated double-blind trial in 19 obese Type 2 diabetic patients, fluoxetine 60 mg daily compared to placebo produced a significant fall in median body weight after 3 months (3.8 kg), 6 months (6.5 kg), 9 months (7.

Relapse of maternal thyrotoxicosis presenting as a second-trimester fetal goiter.

A large fetal goiter was detected at 22 weeks of gestation during an antenatal ultrasound scan of a woman with a previous history of Graves' disease treated by partial thyroidectomy. This unsuspected finding initiated maternal investigations and treatment. In untreated cases poor fetal outcome is common and unfortunately fetal thyrotoxicosis/thyroid enlargement frequently remains unrecognized in the first pregnancy.

The degree of day-to-day variation in food intake in diabetic patients.

A prospective study of food intake using 7 day food diaries was undertaken in 92 diabetic men and women aged 17-81 years. The median individual day-to-day coefficients of variation for energy intake were: in insulin treated patients 12.0%, in non-insulin treated patients 13.