Comparison of the Effective Radiation Dose in the Region of the Facial Skull Between Multidetector CT, Dental Conebeam CT and Intraoperative 3D C-Arms.

Study Design: Experimental single-centre study of X-ray absorption using a phantom skull.

Objective: This experimental study aimed to compare the radiation doses of different 3D imaging devices used in maxillofacial surgery, including one Multidetector CT (MDCT), two Conebeam CT (CBCT) and four intraoperative 3D C-arms.

Methods: Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) were used to determine the absorbed radiation in an Alderson-Rando phantom skull.

Bite force transmission and mandible shape in grasshoppers, crickets, and allies is not driven by dietary niches.

Although species evolve in response to many intrinsic and extrinsic factors, frequently one factor has a dominating influence on a given organ system. In this context, mouthpart shape and function are thought to correlate strongly with dietary niche and this was advocated for decades, e.g.

AKT and PERP Show Higher Expression in Precancerous than in Malignant Skin Neoplasms: Profiling in an Animal Model of Sequential Skin Carcinogenesis.

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the activation of the PERP and Akt oncogenes in the induction of skin cancer in FVB/N mice by a stepwise chemical process. Forty four-week-old female FVB/N mice were randomly divided into a control group (n = 8) and two experimental groups (group A: n = 16, group B: n = 16). In the study, the groups were subjected to a two-stage carcinogenesis procedure.

Fibula Grafting for Oromandibular Reconstruction and its Effect on Patient Quality of Life - A Scoping Review.

Fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap has been widely used for oncologic bony reconstruction of both the mandible and maxilla. Early and late morbidities of the donor side such as leg weakness, ankle instability, limited ankle mobility, tibial stress fractures or incision area pain are well documented; however, there is a lack of information about the effects of fibula grafting on patient quality of life. To address this issue, a scoping literature search in the PubMed electronic database was performed to identify all relevant studies and reviews in the period between 2010 and 2022.

Porcine-derived Acellular Dermal Matrix for Temporary Soft Tissue Coverage in Locally Advanced Angiosarcoma of the Face - A Soft Tissue Odyssey?

Background/aim: Angiosarcomas of the face are rare but present significant treatment challenges due to their origin in the supportive tissues of blood or lymphatic vessels. Achieving optimal balance between oncological efficacy and aesthetic outcomes requires a multidisciplinary approach, particularly in cases where radical R0 resection is necessary. Delays often occur, especially during histopathological examinations, which can complicate primary plastic reconstruction before definitive pathological findings.

Evaluation of Different Patterns of Zygomaticoorbital Complex Fractures.

Study Design: Very few studies exist regarding the fracture pattern variability of the zygomaticoorbital (ZMO) complex. The retrospective evaluation of a large series of surgically treated unilateral ZMO fractures would in certain circumstances help intraoperative predictability and define sensitive indicators for open reduction and internal fixation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the different fracture patterns after ZMO complex injury regarding the 5 anatomic sutures of the zygoma as well as the concomitance of the paranasal buttress and maxillary sinus wall fracture.

Synergistic Effect of CO in Accelerating the Galvanic Corrosion of Lithium/Sodium Anodes in Alkali Metal-Carbon Dioxide Batteries.

Rechargeable alkali metal-CO batteries, which combine high theoretical energy density and environmentally friendly CO fixation ability, have attracted worldwide attention. Unfortunately, their electrochemical performances are usually inferior for practical applications. Aiming to reveal the underlying causes, a combinatorial usage of advanced nondestructive and postmortem characterization tools is used to intensively study the failure mechanisms of Li/Na-CO batteries.

Influence of analytical procedures on miRNA expression analyses in saliva samples.

Aim of this study was to demonstrate the influence of different analytical procedures and techniques on the resulting miRNA expression profile in healthy control subjects and tumor patients using the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) model and to demonstrate the technical and biological reproducibility. Body fluids such as saliva are suitable for non-invasive miRNA analysis because ubiquitously circulating miRNA can be found in them. It was technically possible to distinguish between healthy and diseased samples based on the miRNA expression profile found.

An in-principle super-polynomial quantum advantage for approximating combinatorial optimization problems via computational learning theory.

It is unclear to what extent quantum algorithms can outperform classical algorithms for problems of combinatorial optimization. In this work, by resorting to computational learning theory and cryptographic notions, we give a fully constructive proof that quantum computers feature a super-polynomial advantage over classical computers in approximating combinatorial optimization problems. Specifically, by building on seminal work by Kearns and Valiant, we provide special instances that are hard for classical computers to approximate up to polynomial factors.

Evaluation of Five-year Overall Survival Rates Among 18,331 Head and Neck Cancer Patients Exposed to Different Targeted Therapies Through Real-world Data in a Case-controlled Study.

Background/aim: Targeted therapy is an important and fast developing aspect of modern tumor therapy including therapy of head and neck cancer (HNC). Surgically treated patients often experience significant limitations to their ability to swallow, speak, or mimic expressions. In cases of recurrent tumors or palliative situations, targeted therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are frequently employed.

Sex-specific Real-World 5-year Overall Survival Rates for (Radio)chemotherapy, Targeted Therapy, and Combinations in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.

Background/aim: Sex-specific medicine, an emerging field in healthcare, has gained significant recognition and importance in recent years. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no valid data on the influence of sex on 5-year overall survival of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing (radio)chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and combination treatments, using Real-World Data. We hypothesize that sex has a significant impact on 5-year overall survival across different therapy regimens for head and neck cancer.

Ibuprofen Reduces 5-Year Overall Survival of Head and Neck Cancer Patients With Immunotherapy - A Retrospective Case-controlled Real-World Data Analysis of 10,000 Patients.

Background/aim: Resistance to immunotherapy can be explained by an abnormal microbiome of the gut. In Europe in particular, the use of ibuprofen, with or without proton-pump inhibitors to protect the gastric mucosa, is widespread. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ibuprofen use on the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with head and neck carcinoma.

Prosthetically guided oral implant surgery. A retrospective cohort study evaluating the 5-year surgical outcome.

Purpose: This study primarily evaluated the 5-year implant survival and success rate of prosthetically guided inserted implants. The secondary aim was to evaluate the impact of clinical variables on the development of mucositis, peri-implant bone resorption, peri-implantitis, as well as early and late implant failure.

Materials And Methods: An observational retrospective single-centre study was conducted on patients who were treated with dental implants in the department of oral and plastic maxillofacial surgery of the military hospital of Ulm University between 2008 and 2010.

Accuracy Analysis of Computer-Assisted and Guided Dental Implantology by Comparing 3D Planning Data and Actual Implant Placement in a Mandibular Training Model: A Monocentric Comparison between Dental Students and Trained Implantologists.

The aim of this study was to investigate how precisely implantation can be realized by participants on a phantom head according to preliminary planning. Of particular interest here was the influence of participants' previous knowledge and surgical experience on the precision of the implant placement. The placed implants were scanned using an intraoral scanner, saved as STL files, and superimposed with the 3D-planned implant placement.

Airway Management of Orofacial Infections Originating in the Mandible.

The primary aim of this study was to assess the incidence of a difficult airway and emergency tracheostomy in patients with orofacial infections originating in the mandible, and a secondary aim was to determine the potential predictors of difficult intubation. This retrospective single-center study included all patients who were referred between 2015 and 2022 with an orofacial infection originating in the mandible and who were surgically drained under intubation anesthesia. The incidence of a difficult airway regarding ventilation, laryngoscopy, and intubation was analyzed descriptively.

Comparative study of calcification in human choroid plexus, pineal gland, and habenula.

Choroid plexus, pineal gland, and habenula tend to accumulate physiologic calcifications (concrements) over a lifetime. However, until now the composition and causes of the intracranial calcifications remain unclear. The detailed analysis of concrements has been done by us using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray diffraction topography (XRDT), micro-CT, X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT), as well as histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Factors Influencing Recurrence after Surgical Treatment of Odontogenic Maxillary Sinusitis: An Analysis from the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Point of View.

The aim of the study was to determine the factors influencing the development of recurrence after the surgical treatment of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in an oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic over a 7-year period. Demographic and anamnesis data, clinical and radiological findings, treatment and outcome were analyzed. A multivariable analysis was performed to find associations between patient age, causative focus, surgical access for sinus revision, multilayer closure with a buccal fat pad, inferior meatal antrostomy (IMA) for temporary sinus drainage and sinusitis recurrence.

Justification of Indication for Cranial CT Imaging after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury According to the Current National Guidelines.

The primary aim was to evaluate the compliance of cranial CT indication with the national guideline-based decision rules in patients after mTBI. The secondary aim was to determine the incidence of CT pathologies among justified and unjustified CT scans and to investigate the diagnostic value of these decision rules. This is a retrospective, single-center study on 1837 patients (mean age = 70.

Comparison of Anatomical Preformed Titanium Implants and Patient-Specific CAD/CAM Implants in the Primary Reconstruction of Isolated Orbital Fractures-A Retrospective Study.

Background/aim: Reconstruction of the fractured orbit remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to compare anatomical preformed titanium orbital implants with patient-specific CAD/CAM implants for precision and intraoperative applicability.

Material And Methods: A total of 75 orbital reconstructions from 2012 to 2022 were retrospectively assessed for their precision of implant position and intra- and postoperative revision rates.

Dental Root Injuries Caused by Osteosynthesis Screws in Orthognathic Surgery-Comparison of Conventional Osteosynthesis and Osteosynthesis by CAD/CAM Drill Guides and Patient-Specific Implants.

Background/aim: The primary aim was to evaluate the prevalence and localisation of dental injuries caused by osteosynthesis screws during orthognathic surgery, comparing two different CAD/CAM planning/surgical approaches through retrospective evaluation of post-operative computed tomography.

Material And Methods: This study considered all patients who underwent orthognathic surgery from 2010-2019. The examination for dental root injuries between conventional osteosynthesis (Maxilla conventional cohort) and osteosynthesis with patient-specific implant (Maxilla PSI cohort) was performed by evaluating the post-operative CT scans.

Clinical Indicators for Primary Cranial CT Imaging after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-A Retrospective Analysis.

The primary aim was to determine the clinical indicators for primary cranial CT imaging in patients after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The secondary aim was to evaluate the need for post-traumatic short-term hospitalization based on primary clinical and CT findings. This was an observational retrospective single-centre study of all the patients who were admitted with mTBI over a five-year period.

Technology-Based Counselling for People with Dementia and Their Informal Carers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Information technology can enhance timely and individual support for people with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias and their informal carers.

Objective: To review the effectiveness of technology-based counselling interventions for people with dementia and informal carers.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials of remote dementia counselling interventions were included.

BRAF inhibitors in BRAF V600E-mutated ameloblastoma: systematic review of rare cases in the literature.

Background: Ameloblastoma in 66% of the cases harbor a somatic mutation of the "mitogen-activated protein kinase" signaling pathway (BRAF V600E). In V600E mutations, BRAF is in the permanent "on" state and relays the growth-promoting signals independently of the EGFR pathway. Therefore, mutant BRAF represents a target for handful of new drugs.

Comparison of Laser-Sintered and Milled Patient-Specific Reconstruction Plates for Complications and Outcomes in Mandibular Defects-Comparative Analysis of a Single-Center Cohort.

CAD/CAM-manufactured implants are increasingly becoming the standard in current therapy. The question of whether the manufacturing-related rougher surface of selective laser fusion plates compared to milled, smoother reconstruction plates leads to increased postoperative complications such as infections, plate exposure, and fistulas has not yet been determined. A retrospective analysis of 98 patients who underwent surgical treatment with either a selective laser fusion plate or a milled reconstruction plate at our hospital was performed.