Under-utilization of mechanical circulatory support in Canada: why and what can be done?

In October of 2002, a workshop was held as part of the Canadian Cardiovascular Congress in Edmonton, Canada, entitled "Under-Utilization of Mechanical Circulatory Support in Canada. Why and What Can Be Done?" The workshop examined various issues related to the use of mechanical circulatory support devices in the Canadian context. Representatives from all Canadian centers with active mechanical circulatory support programs were invited to participate and participants included surgeons and cardiologists, as well as other affiliated health professionals.

Heart transplantation at the Ottawa heart institute: comparison with Canadian and international results.

Heart transplantation has been carried out in 340 patients in Ottawa, including seventy-one who required mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to transplant. Survival in Ottawa was compared with other Canadian centers based on data from the Canadian Organ Replacement Register up to the year 2000 and with the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) registry 2001. For survival analysis, the number of adult patients at risk at year 0 was 303 (87 transplanted from 1985 to 1990, 105 from 1990 to 1994, and 111 from 1995 to 2000).

Improved early survival with the total artificial heart.

We report our experience with the total artificial heart (TAH) to determine if outcomes have improved. Thirty-one patients received the TAH as a bridge to transplant and were divided into the two groups A (eighteen implanted in the first eight years) and B (thirteen implanted in the last eight years). Changes in management included immediate sternal closure, early extubation, delayed transplant listing, early rehabilitation, and measurement of preformed antibodies.

Patient selection for left ventricular assist devices.

The use of mechanical support as a bridge to cardiac transplant has become the standard of care in many cardiac transplant centers. This therapy has been shown to increase survival and improve morbidity in carefully selected patients waiting for heart transplantation. With approximately 30000 patients being listed worldwide for transplant every year and only 3500 transplantations performed annually, alternative strategies need to be developed to minimize morbidity and mortality in this high-risk population.

Ventricular assist devices as a bridge to cardiac transplantation: the Ottawa experience.

This article reports our experience with ventricular assist devices (VADs) as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. From 1991 to 2003, a total of 42 patients received a Thoratec VAD (Thoratec Laboratories Corporation Inc., Pleasanton, CA, U.

Late incidence and predictors of persistent or recurrent heart failure in patients with aortic prosthetic valves.

Background: We examined factors associated with persistent or recurrent congestive heart failure after aortic valve replacement.

Methods: Patients who underwent aortic valve replacement with contemporary prostheses (n = 1563) were followed up with annual clinical assessment and echocardiography. The effect of demographic, comorbid, and valve-related variables on the composite outcome of New York Heart Association class III or IV symptoms or congestive heart failure death after surgery was evaluated with stratified log-rank tests, Cox proportional hazard models, and logistic regression.

In vivo evaluation of the biocompatibility of the totally implantable ventricular assist device (HeartSaver VAD).

A series of multicenter in vivo studies have been conducted to assess the biocompatibility and device performance of the HeartSaver VAD, a totally implantable pulsatile ventricular assist device (VAD). The experiments (n = 23) were conducted in calves with a mean weight of 101 (75-152) kg. Implants took place at four centers using two different surgical procedures of implantation (one with cardiopulmonary bypass and one without).

Mechanical circulatory support for adolescent patients: the Ottawa Heart Institute experience.

Background: Mechanical circulatory support devices may be used for patients with end-stage heart failure for bridging either to cardiac transplant or to recovery of the native heart. While less common in adolescents, fulminant heart failure may be rapidly fatal in these patients unless circulatory support can be instituted.

Objectives: To assess the outcomes and the utility of mechanical circulatory assist devices for children.

Isolated CABG in the Elderly: Operative Results and Risk Factors Over the Past Three Decades.

This chapter is reproduced from the book, Coronary Bypass Surgery in the Elderly, edited by Paul J. Walter. Reprinted by permission of Kluwer Academic Publishers.