The Donders model of the circulation in normo- and pathophysiology.

The solution of some recent as well as of long standing problems, unanswerable due to experimental inaccessibility or moral objections are addressed. In this report, a model of the closed human cardiovascular loop is developed. This model, using one set of 88 equations, allows variations from normal resting conditions to exercise, as well as to the ultimate condition of a circulation following cardiac arrest.