Arterial oxygenation and acid-base status before and during oxygen supplementation in captive European bison () immobilized with etorphine-acepromazine-xylazine.

Chemical immobilization of captive European bison () is often required for veterinary care, transportation, or husbandry practices playing an important role in conservation breeding and reintroduction of the species. We evaluated the efficiency and physiological effects of an etorphine-acepromazine-xylazine combination with supplemental oxygen in 39 captive European bison. Animals were darted with a combination of 1.

The Effects of Exercise on Falls in Older People With Dementia Living in Nursing Homes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To investigate exercise effects on falls in people with dementia living in nursing homes, and whether effects were dependent on sex, dementia type, or improvement in balance. A further aim was to describe the occurrence of fall-related injuries.

Design: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Gastrointestinal parasites of captive European bison Bison bonasus (L.) with a sign of reduced efficacy of Haemonchus contortus to fenbendazole.

The history of European bison Bison bonasus Linnaeus, 1758 has been stormy since its extinction in the wild after the First World War. Due to the fact that the species was restored from just 12 founders, further expansion has suffered from low genetic variability, rendering the bison vulnerable to various pathogens due to inbreeding depression. Parasites are recognised as a key biological threat to bison population.

Long-Term Evaluation of the Ambulatory Geriatric Assessment: A Frailty Intervention Trial (AGe-FIT): Clinical Outcomes and Total Costs After 36 Months.

Objective: To compare the effects of care based on comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) as a complement to usual care in an outpatient setting with those of usual care alone. The assessment was performed 36 months after study inclusion.

Design: Randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, single-center trial.

Effects of a High-Intensity Functional Exercise Program on Dependence in Activities of Daily Living and Balance in Older Adults with Dementia.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of a high-intensity functional exercise program on independence in activities of daily living (ADLs) and balance in older people with dementia and whether exercise effects differed between dementia types.

Design: Cluster-randomized controlled trial: Umeå Dementia and Exercise (UMDEX) study.

Setting: Residential care facilities, Umeå, Sweden.

Risk factors for hip fracture in very old people: a population-based study.

Summary: Knowledge of risk factors for hip fracture among very old people is limited. Walking indoors with help from ≤1 person, Parkinson's disease, currently smoking, delirium in the previous month, underweight, and age were associated with increased risk of hip fracture and could be important for preventive strategy development.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate risk factors for hip fracture among a representative sample of very old people.

A single-centre experience of over one thousand lead extractions.

Aims: The aim of the study was to present a single-centre experience of pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) lead extraction using different methods, mainly laser-assisted extraction.

Methods And Results: Data from 1032 leads and 647 procedures were gathered. A step-by-step approach using different techniques while performing an ongoing risk-benefit analysis was used.

Clinicians consistently exceed a typical person's short-term memory during preoperative teaching.

Introduction: Patient education is a critical part of preparation for surgery. Little research on provider-to-patient teaching has been conducted with systematic focus on the quantity of information provided to patients. This is important to assess because short-term memory capacity for information such as preoperative instruction is limited to roughly seven units of content.

Reorganizing patient care and workflow in the operating room: a cost-effectiveness study.

Background: Many surgeons believe that long turnover times between cases are a major impediment to their productivity. We hypothesized that redesigning the operating room (OR) and perioperative-staffing system to take advantage of parallel processing would improve throughput and lower the cost of care.

Methods: A state of the art high tech OR suite equipped with augmented data collection systems served as a living laboratory to evaluate both new devices and perioperative systems of care.

The value of the dedicated orthopaedic trauma operating room.

Background: Trauma centers and orthopaedic surgeons have traditionally been faced with limited operating room (OR) availability for fracture surgery. Orthopaedic trauma cases are often waitlisted and done late at night. We investigated the feasibility of having an unbooked orthopaedic trauma OR to reduce nighttime cases and improve OR flow.

Deliberate perioperative systems design improves operating room throughput.

Background: New operating room (OR) design focuses more on the surgical environment than on the process of care. The authors sought to improve OR throughput and reduce time per case by goal-directed design of a demonstration OR and the perioperative processes occurring within and around it.

Methods: The authors constructed a three-room suite including an OR, an induction room, and an early recovery area.

Introducing new technology into the operating room: measuring the impact on job performance and satisfaction.

Background: The Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Operating Room of the Future (ORF) project is a test site for evaluating new surgical technologies and processes. Here we evaluate the effect on staff satisfaction and burnout of introducing a set of new technologies.

Methods: Staff satisfaction and burnout were measured via sequential surveys based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory during the introduction of a new technology system.

Bioinformatic and enzymatic characterization of the MAPEG superfamily.

The membrane associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism (MAPEG) superfamily includes structurally related membrane proteins with diverse functions of widespread origin. A total of 136 proteins belonging to the MAPEG superfamily were found in database and genome screenings. The members were found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but not in any archaeal organism.

Reorganizing the system of care surrounding laparoscopic surgery: a cost-effectiveness analysis using discrete-event simulation.

Purpose: To determine the cost-effectiveness of a proposed reorganization of surgical and anesthesia care to balance patient volume and safety.

Methods: Discrete-event simulation methods were used to compare current surgical practice with a new modular system in which patient care is handed off between 2 anesthesiologists. A health care system's perspective, using hospital and professional costs, was chosen for the cost-effectiveness analysis.

Preoperative preparation of patients with advanced liver disease.

Objective: To review the characteristic features of patients with advanced liver disease that may lead to increased perioperative morbidity and mortality rates.

Design: Literature review.

Results: Patients with end-stage liver disease are at high risk of major complications and death following surgery.

Engineering of the protein environment around the redox-active TyrZ in photosystem II. The role of F186 and P162 in the D1 protein of Synechocystis 6803.

The photosystem II reaction centre protein D1 is encoded by the psbA gene. By activation of the silent and divergent psbA1 gene in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803, a novel D1 protein, D1', was produced [Salih, G. & Jansson, C.

D1' centers are less efficient than normal photosystem II centers.

One prominent difference between the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center protein D1' in Synechocystis 6803 and normal D1 is the replacement of Phe-186 in D1 with leucine in D1'. Mutants of Synechocystis 6803 producing only D1', or containing engineered D1 proteins with Phe-186 substitutions, were analyzed by 77 K fluorescence emission spectra, chlorophyll a fluorescence induction yield and decay kinetics, and flash-induced oxygen evolution. Compared to D1-containing PSII centers, D1' centers exhibited a 50% reduction in variable chlorophyll a fluorescence yield, while the flash-induced O(2) evolution pattern was unaffected.

Activities of daily living and cardiovascular complications following elective, noncardiac surgery.

Background: Algorithms for preoperative cardiac evaluation prior to noncardiac surgery use indices of the metabolic equivalent of activities of daily living (METs). We evaluated METs as a predictor of cardiac complications following elective, noncardiac surgery.

Methods: A study was performed in an outpatient university preadmission center METs were estimated prospectively for 5,939 inpatients admitted for elective, noncardiac surgery who underwent a preanesthetic assessment within two months prior to surgery.

Engineering of N-terminal threonines in the D1 protein impairs photosystem II energy transfer in Synechocystis 6803.

Mutants of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 with N-terminal changes in the photosystem (PSII) II D1 protein were analysed by flash-induced oxygen evolution, chlorophyll a fluorescence decay kinetics and 77 K fluorescence emission spectra. The data presented here show that mutations of the Thr-2, Thr-3 and Thr-4 in D1 do not influence the oxygen evolution.

Must living renal donors be hospitalized overnight prior to surgery?

To determine whether preoperative intravenous hydration was an important determinant of perioperative safety for the kidney donor or of early allograft function, 21 consecutive living donor transplants were assessed retrospectively. Donors hospitalized overnight received 1008 +/- 169 mL of intravenous fluid during the 8 h prior to operation, compared to no preoperative hydration among a cohort of 15 patients. No differences between intraoperative blood pressures, fluid administration, urine output, or time in the operating room were identified between groups.

Constructed deletions in lumen-exposed regions of the D1 protein in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803: Effects on D1 insertion and accumulation in the thylakoid membrane, and on Photosystem II assembly.

Modified forms of the D1 protein with deletions in lumen-exposed regions, were constructed in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803 using site-directed mutagenesis. Integration and stability of the mutated D1 proteins in the thylakoid membrane were studied by immunoblot and pulse-chase analyses. It was found that in Δ(N325-E333), the D1 protein with a deletion in the C-terminal tail, could insert in the thylakoids to normal amounts but its stability in the membrane was dramatically reduced.