Associations between maternal fish intake and polyunsaturated fatty acid status with childhood asthma in a high fish-eating population.

Background: Studies investigating associations between prenatal polyunsaturated fatty acid status (PUFAs), in particular the anti-inflammatory n-3 PUFAs, and the development of childhood asthma have yielded conflicting results.

Objective: To determine the associations between maternal fish intake (a rich source of the n-3 PUFAs), maternal or cord PUFAs with the prevalence of childhood asthma in a high fish-eating population.

Methods: We examined these associations between fish intake and PUFA concentrations with childhood asthma prevalence in the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2, a large observational study in a high fish-eating population.

Fatigue, impaired physical function and mental health in cancer survivors: the role of social isolation.

Purpose: Cancer survivors experience an array of physical, psychological, and social problems after treatment has ended. Perceived social isolation may exacerbate the effects of physical problems on mental health. We examined the association between physical health (cancer-related fatigue and physical function) and mental health (depression and anxiety symptoms) in cancer survivors in the first year of survivorship (i.

The longitudinal association between reward processing and symptoms of video game addiction in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Background And Aims: Video games are a common form of entertainment in adolescents, which may result in gaming habits characterized by impairment to reward-related decision-making. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between reward processing and symptoms of gaming addiction in adolescents.

Methods: Data from three consecutive follow-up years (years 2, 3 and 4) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were analyzed (n = 6,143, total observations = 12,745, mean age at year-2 = 12 years).

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Failure-to-Rescue After Postoperative Sepsis After Noncardiac Surgery.

Background: Sepsis disproportionately affects marginalized communities. This study aims to evaluate racial and ethnic disparities in failure-to-rescue (FTR) after postoperative sepsis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program for patients who underwent inpatient noncardiac surgery between 2018 and 2021.

Dental Caries: The Way Forward.

It is evident that some progress in reducing ECC prevalence in children has been made, but these improvements are not equally distributed. Systemic inequities in oral health among the youngest, most vulnerable children must be reduced.

Performance of a Tic Screening Tool (MOVeIT) in Comparison to Expert Clinician Assessment in a Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics Clinic Sample.

Youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities typically have higher rates of tics and stereotypies compared to children with otherwise typical development. Differentiating between these two pediatric movement disorders can be challenging due to overlapping clinical features, but is relevant due to distinct treatment modalities. The current study evaluated sensitivity and specificity of a tic screening measure, the Motor or Vocal Inventory of Tics (MOVeIT) in a pediatric sample enriched for stereotypy and tics.

Engineering bacterial biomanufacturing: characterization and manipulation of sp. LM7 extracellular polymers.

Biologically produced materials are an attractive alternative to traditional materials such as metals and plastics and offer improved functionalities such as better biodegradability and biocompatibility. Polysaccharides are an example of biologically produced materials that can have a range of chemical and physical properties including high stiffness to weight ratios and thermal stability. Polysaccharides synthesized by bacteria can come with many advantages such as being non-toxic and are mechanically robust relative to proteins and lipids, which are also secreted by bacteria to generate a biofilm.

"It's like crystal gazing": The Lived Experience of Anticipating End-of-Life Choices in Older Adults and Their Close Ones.

Background And Objectives: Nowadays people increasingly try to take control over the end of their lives by anticipating end-of-life choices. Explication of these choices is encouraged using advance care planning (ACP). We aim to deepen our understanding of how choice-making processes are lived in real life, exploring the experience of community-dwelling older adults and their close ones over time.

Engineering Bacterial Biomanufacturing: Characterization and Manipulation of LM7 Extracellular Polymers.

Biologically produced materials are an attractive alternative to traditional materials such as metals and plastics and offer improved functionalities such as better biodegradability and biocompatibility. Polysaccharides are an example of a biologically produced materials that can have a range of chemical and physical properties including high stiffness to weight ratios and thermal stability. Biomanufactured bacterial polysaccharides can come with many advantages such as being non-toxic and are mechanically robust relative to proteins and lipids, which are also secreted by bacteria to generate a biofilm.

Influence of Community Determinants on Barriers and Facilitators to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake: Regional Stakeholders' Perspectives.

Our study objective was to explore possible pathways by which neighborhood-level characteristics drive COVID-19 vaccination among communities experiencing health inequity and disparities. To do so, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with stakeholders in the Finger Lakes region of New York between November 2022 through January 2023. Using a pre-developed interview guide informed by the Health Belief Model, we elicited county health commissioner, medical professional and community-health partner's perspectives regarding the impact community determinants have on shaping barriers to and facilitators of COVID-19 vaccine uptake, as well as recommended solutions for ensuring health equity in future vaccination efforts.

Dietary selenium and mercury intakes from fish consumption during pregnancy: Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2.

Some health agencies have issued precautionary principle fish advisories to pregnant women based on the presence of methylmercury (MeHg) in fish that could possibly be harmful to the developing fetus. Fish, however, is a rich source of selenium (Se) and other nutrients essential for normal brain development. Selenium is also thought to have a key role in alleviating MeHg toxicity.

Net effects explains the benefits to children from maternal fish consumption despite methylmercury in fish.

In 2001 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued precautionary advice to pregnant women to limit fish consumption over concern that the methylmercury content might harm their children's neurodevelopment.

KEAP1 polymorphisms and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with exposure to prenatal MeHg from the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2.

Background: Humans differ in the metabolism of the neurotoxicant methyl mercury (MeHg). This variation may be partially due to variation in genes encoding the transcription factor Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-Associated Protein 1 (KEAP1), which regulate glutathione and related transporter and antioxidant proteins that play a role in the metabolism and neurotoxicity of MeHg.

Aim: To elucidate a potential risk from genetic variation in NFE2L2 (encoding NRF2) and KEAP1 toward prenatal mercury exposure and child neurodevelopmental outcomes at 20 months and 7 years of age in a population with variable prenatal exposure to MeHg from maternal fish consumption.

Fish consumption and its lipid modifying effects - A review of intervention studies.

Fish is an important source of nutrients, particularly the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). The incorporation of fish into the diet has been shown to have several health benefits, including lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated plasma lipids are one of the main modifiable risk factors contributing to CVD and may be partly mediated by n-3 PUFAs.

Loss of Panx1 function in zebrafish alters motor behavior in a lab-on-chip model of Parkinson's disease.

Pannexin 1 (Panx1) forms ATP-permeable membrane channels that play roles in purinergic signaling in the nervous system. A link between Panx1 activity and neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD) has been suggested, but experimental evidence is limited. Here, a zebrafish model of PD was produced by exposing panx1a and panx1a zebrafish larvae to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA).

Potential role of selenium in modifying the effect of maternal methylmercury exposure on child neurodevelopment - A review.

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for normal neurodevelopment. It is incorporated into multiple selenoenzymes which have roles in the brain and neurological function, the synthesis of thyroid hormones, the antioxidant defense system, DNA synthesis, and reproduction. Fish is a source of both Se and neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg).

Associations between serum taurine concentrations in mothers and neonates and the children's anthropometrics and early neurodevelopment: Results from the Seychelles Child Development Study, Nutrition Cohort 2.

Background: High concentrations of taurine are present in the developing human brain and maternal breast milk. Taurine is thought to influence fetal growth and brain development based on experimental rodent studies. As fish is an important dietary source of taurine, we investigated associations between taurine concentrations and child outcomes in a high fish consuming population.

Mechanical stimuli activate gene expression via a cell envelope stress sensing pathway.

Mechanosensitive mechanisms are often used to sense damage to tissue structure, stimulating matrix synthesis and repair. While this kind of mechanoregulatory process is well recognized in eukaryotic systems, it is not known whether such a process occurs in bacteria. In Vibrio cholerae, antibiotic-induced damage to the load-bearing cell wall promotes increased signaling by the two-component system VxrAB, which stimulates cell wall synthesis.

Questioning the value of present life: The lived experience of older people who see no future for themselves.

Objectives: To describe the lived experience of older people who see no future for oneself in the context of aging and the possible development of a wish to die.

Methods: Data were collected from 34 interviews with people of 55-92 years. A phenomenological hermeneutical analysis was performed using crafted stories as an analytical device.