Paraduodenal pancreatitis as diagnostic challenge: clinical and morphological features of patients with pancreatic pathology involving the pancreatic groove.

Background: Paraduodenal pancreatitis (PP) is an inflammation involving the groove zone, delimited by the duodenum lumen, bile duct, and the head of the pancreas. This area may also be involved during acute pancreatitis (AP). The differential diagnosis is clinically relevant, since PP generally persists, whereas AP resolves.

BRAF Inhibition and UVB Light Synergistically Promote Papillomavirus 1-Induced Skin Tumorigenesis.

The development of keratinocytic skin tumors, presumably attributable to paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway, represents a relevant side effect of targeted therapies with BRAF inhibitors (BRAFis). The role of cutaneous papillomavirus infection in BRAFi-associated skin carcinogenesis, however, is still inconclusive. Employing the Mus musculus papillomavirus 1 (MmuPV1) skin infection model, the impact of BRAFis and UVB exposure on papillomavirus induced skin tumorigenesis was investigated in immunocompetent FVB/NCrl mice.

Quantitative analysis of zirconia and titanium implant artefacts in three-dimensional virtual models of multi-slice CT and cone beam CT: does scan protocol matter?

Objectives: Artefacts from dental implants in three-dimensional (3D) imaging may lead to incorrect representation of anatomical dimensions and impede virtual planning in navigated implantology. The aim of this study was quantitative assessment of artefacts in 3D STL models from cone beam CT (CBCT) and multislice CT (MSCT) using different scanning protocols and titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zr) and zirconium (ZrO) implant materials.

Methods: Three ZrO and three Ti-Zr implants were respectively placed in the mandibles of two fresh human specimens.

MRI of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Comparative Study of 0.55 T and 1.5 T MRI.

Objectives: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are common and may cause persistent functional limitations and pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1.5 and 3 T is commonly applied for the evaluation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Lung Nodule Detection With Modern Low-Field MRI (0.55 T) in Comparison to CT.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of modern low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for lung nodule detection and to correlate nodule size measurement with computed tomography (CT) as reference.

Materials And Methods: Between November 2020 and July 2021, a prospective clinical trial using low-field MRI at 0.55 T was performed in patients with known pulmonary nodules from a single academic medical center.

Comparison of vestibular schwannoma visualization between 0.55 T and 1.5 T MRI.

Objectives: Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is the most common mass of the internal auditory canal (IAC) and is responsible for unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1.5 T and 3 T is the standard of care for the evaluation of VS, and the feasibility of using modern low-field MRI for imaging of the IAC has not yet been elucidated.

Comparison of Diagnostic Performance and Image Quality between Topup-Corrected and Standard Readout-Segmented Echo-Planar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Cholesteatoma Diagnostics.

This study compares the diagnostic performance and image quality of single-shot turbo spin-echo DWI (tseDWI), standard readout-segmented DWI (rsDWI), and a modified rsDWI version (topupDWI) for cholesteatoma diagnostics. Thirty-four patients with newly suspected unilateral cholesteatoma were examined on a 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner.

Ossicular osteoma of the malleus-A rare diagnosis of middle ear mass.

Osteoma of the middle ear (MEO) is a rarity. Due to the benign nature and slow growth rate, MEO are often occasionally found by chance. Possible unspecific clinical symptoms may be conductive hearing loss, tinnitus, effusion, and a sense of fullness.

Time-of-Flight Angiography in Ultra-High-Field 7 T MRI for the Evaluation of Peroneal Perforator Arteries Before Osseomyocutaneous Flap Surgery.

Objectives: Presurgical identification and morphologic characterization of the peroneal perforator arteries (PPAs) are essential for osseomyocutaneous flap surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate PPAs using time-of-flight (TOF) angiography in 7 T magnetic resonance imaging in comparison with dual-energy computed tomographic angiography (CTA).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, TOF angiography and CTA of both lower legs were acquired before flap surgery from 07/2019 to 02/2020.

Muscle perfusion and the effect of compression garments in delayed-onset muscle soreness assessed with arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: There is limited information about perfusion in exercise-induced muscle injuries such as delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and the effect of compression garments as a therapeutic strategy during the regeneration phase. The purpose of this prospective, explorative study was to evaluate muscle perfusion in DOMS and to assess the effect of compression garments at resting conditions and during DOMS by magnetic resonance (MR) arterial spin labeling (ASL).

Methods: DOMS was induced from 03/2021 to 04/2021 using an eccentric and plyometric exercises targeting the calf muscles in 14 volunteers.

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Histogram Analysis in Parotid Gland Tumors: Evaluating a Novel Approach for Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Parotid Lesions Based on Full Histogram Distributions.

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of ADC distribution curves for differentiation between benign and malignant parotid gland tumors and to compare with mean ADC values. 73 patients with parotid gland tumors underwent head-and-neck MRI on a 1.5 Tesla scanner prior to surgery and histograms of ADC values were extracted.

Image quality comparison of single-energy and dual-energy computed tomography for head and neck patients: a prospective randomized study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of images obtained using single-energy computed tomography (SECT) performed with automated tube voltage adaptation (TVA) with dual-energy CT (DECT) weighted average images.

Methods: Eighty patients were prospectively randomized to undergo either SECT with TVA (n = 40, ref. mAs 200) or radiation dose-matched DECT (n = 40, 80/Sn150 kV, ref.

Imaging temporomandibular disorders: Reliability of a novel MRI-based scoring system.

The aim of this study was to assess the inter- and intrarater reliability of a recently proposed scoring system for temporomandibular disorders (TMD), based upon radiological findings from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients with clinically suspected uni- or bilateral TMD, and subsequently conducted MRI examination of both temporomandibular joints, were included in this study. MRI data were independently evaluated by two experienced radiologists according to the DLJ scoring system proposed by Wurm et al.

Dual-Energy Lung Perfusion in Portal Venous Phase CT-A Comparison with the Pulmonary Arterial Phase.

Pulmonary arterial dual-energy (aDE) CT is an established technique for evaluating pulmonary perfusion blood volume (PBV). As DECT protocols are increasingly used for thoraco-abdominal CT, this study assessed image quality and clinical findings in portal-venous phase dual-energy (vDE) CT and compared it to aDE. In 95 patients, vDE-CT was performed using a dual-source scanner (70/Sn150 kV, 560/140 ref.

Predictive Value of Multiparametric MRI for Response to Single-Cycle Induction Chemo-Immunotherapy in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: To assess the predictive value of multiparametric MRI for treatment response evaluation of induction chemo-immunotherapy in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Twenty-two patients with locally advanced, histologically confirmed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who were enrolled in the prospective multicenter phase II CheckRad-CD8 trial were included in the current analysis. In this unplanned secondary single-center analysis, all patients who received contrast-enhanced MRI at baseline and in week 4 after single-cycle induction therapy with cisplatin/docetaxel combined with the immune checkpoint inhibitors tremelimumab and durvalumab were included.

Comparison of Readout-Segmented Echo-Planar Imaging and Single-Shot TSE DWI for Cholesteatoma Diagnostics.

Background And Purpose: The high diagnostic value of DWI for cholesteatoma diagnostics is undisputed. This study compares the diagnostic value of readout-segmented echo-planar DWI and single-shot TSE DWI for cholesteatoma diagnostics.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients with newly suspected cholesteatoma were examined with a dedicated protocol, including readout-segmented echo-planar DWI and single-shot TSE DWI at 1.

Identification of anatomic risk factors for scalar translocation in cochlear implant patients.

Aim: Microanatomical evaluation of cochlear implant (CI) patients to identify anatomical risk factors for a scalar translocation.

Methods: CI patients with both a regular scala tympani spiralization (group A) and a scalar translocation (group B) were identified via postoperative flat-detector computed tomography (FD-CT). Then, the corresponding preoperative multislice computed tomography (MS-CT) and postoperative FD-CT datasets were assessed: First, the cochleae were separated in 6 segments of 45° each.

Effect of compression garments on muscle perfusion in delayed-onset muscle soreness: A quantitative analysis using intravoxel incoherent motion MR perfusion imaging.

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate the effect of compression garments under resting conditions and after the induction of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) by MR perfusion imaging using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM). Magnetic resonance imaging of both lower legs of 16 volunteers was performed before and after standardized eccentric exercises that induced DOMS. A compression garment (21-22 mmHg) was worn during and for 6 h after exercise on one randomly selected leg.

Beyond the border: the use of lenvatinib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after different treatment lines: a retrospective analysis.

The systemic treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been improved throughout the past years. Different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and checkpoint inhibitors have approval for first- and second-line treatment. Still, data are missing about the choice for the right agent and senseful therapy sequences.

Achieving high spatial and temporal resolution with perfusion MRI in the head and neck region using golden-angle radial sampling.

Objectives: Conventional perfusion-weighted MRI sequences often provide poor spatial or temporal resolution. We aimed to overcome this problem in head and neck protocols using a golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) sequence.

Methods: We prospectively included 58 patients for examination on a 3.

Effect of long term CPAP therapy on cardiac parameters assessed with cardiac MRI.

The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder with a high prevalence and is associated with an elevated cardiovascular risk and increased morbidity and mortality. For longitudinal studies and functional analysis cardiac MRI is regarded as the gold standard. Aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on cardiac functional parameters with cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (cMRI).