Long-term clinical course and treatment outcomes of individuals with Nodding Syndrome.

Nodding Syndrome is a poorly understood epilepsy disorder in sub-Saharan Africa. The cause(s) of the disease, risk factors and long-term outcomes are unknown or controversial. The objectives of this study were to describe the long-term clinical course and treatment outcomes of individuals suffering from Nodding Syndrome.

First Report of a Symptomatic Calculus of the Ampulla of the Ductus Deferens.

Similar to other secretory organs, the male spermatic ducts may develop calculi. However, this condition is described as rare in literature and usually affects the seminal vesicles. As far as we know, no cases of calculi in the ampulla of the ductus deferens have been published so far.

Radiographic detection of intrabronchial malpositions of nasogastric tubes and subsequent complications in intensive care unit patients.

Objective: The aim of our study was to illustrate the radiographic spectrum of the intrabronchial malposition of nasogastric tubes and subsequent complications, and to discuss the role of radiography in the detection of such malpositions.

Design: Retrospective clinical investigation.

Setting: Tertiary care university teaching hospital.

Azygos arch cannulation by central venous catheters: radiographic detection of malposition and subsequent complications.

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of radiographically evident central venous catheter misplacement in the azygos arch and to analyze whether the frequency of azygos arch cannulation is dependent on the anatomical site of catheter insertion. We reviewed 1,287 postprocedural examinations and 3,441 follow-up examinations. Catheters had been inserted through the left (6%) or right (15%) internal jugular veins and through the left (32%) or right (46%) subclavin veins.

[Pleural and pulmonary changes within the scope of rheumatoid arthritis].

Pulmonary complications caused by rheumatoid arthritis are a clinically relevant aspect of this chronic arthropathy. Those complications can involve all parts of the thorax, including the lung parenchyma, the pleura, and the thoracic cage. The most common complications are necrobiotic nodules, pleural abnormalities, Caplan's syndrome, parenchymal fibrosis, bronchiolitis obliterans, and iatrogenic damage of lung the parenchyma.

[Computerized tomography of AIDS associated thoracic diseases].

Pulmonary infections and tumors are a major cause of death in patients with AIDS. The combination of clinical, radiological, laboratory, and pathohistological data helps to narrow the spectrum of differential diagnoses or even allows a specific diagnosis in many patients. Nevertheless, an accurate diagnosis should be obtained as soon as possible during the clinical course of the illness to initiate treatment in time.

[[Spiral-CT [corrected] in chronic lung thromboembolism].

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare result of recurrent pulmonary embolism and is treated by pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Knowledge of the exact location of the thrombi is necessary in planning this operation. To date, pulmonary, angiography is the diagnostic imaging gold standard.

[Spiral CT in acute pulmonary embolism].

Pulmonary embolism is a frequent and potentially life-threatening event with uncharacteristic clinical manifestations. Diagnosis is commonly established by ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy and pulmonary angiography. Both methods, however, carry substantial drawbacks.

Automatic patient-instruction devices in thin-section CT of the thorax: impact on image quality.

Purpose: To determine what influence automatic patient-instruction (API) devices have on image quality of chest computed tomographic (CT) scans and whether the qualitative outcome justifies their routine use.

Materials And Methods: Thin-collimation CT scans of two age- and sex-matched groups of 64 patients each were evaluated prospectively for the presence of breathing artifacts and for concomitant deterioration of image quality. Breathing commands in group 1 were given with the API device and in group 2 with technologist-performed patient instruction.

Discrete lung involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: CT assessment.

Purpose: To study the computed tomographic (CT) appearance of early lung involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Materials And Methods: In a prospective study, 48 patients with serologically confirmed SLE but no prior clinical evidence of lung involvement underwent chest radiography, CT, and lung function tests. Radiographs and CT scans were compared, and CT scans were evaluated for signs suggestive of parenchymal and pleural disease.

Update: abdominal tuberculosis--unusual findings on CT.

To update our knowledge of abdominal tuberculosis as manifested on computed tomography (CT), we reviewed the CT scans of 12 patients with proven abdominal tuberculosis. The nature, range and extent of abdominal involvement was determined. The CT findings were compared to those reported in the literature.

Position of jugular oxygen saturation catheter in patients with head trauma: assessment by use of plain films.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish a plain radiographic technique for the assessment of the position of a jugular oxygen saturation catheter in patients with head trauma.

Materials And Methods: In the experimental study, jugular oxygen saturation catheters were introduced into the internal jugular veins of four cadavers. Correct positioning of the catheter tips was monitored by CT.

[Right aortic arch simulates mediastinal tumor: diagnosis with spiral CT].

We report the case of a patient with right aortic arch (type III) mimicking a mediastinal tumor. We discuss the radiological findings together with their embryologic correlations, and emphasize the role of spiral-CT in the acquisition of imaging data under difficult diagnostic conditions.

[Candida glabrata pneumonia in a non-immunosuppressed patient: diagnostic imaging with digital luminescence radiography and CT].

Pneumonias caused by Candida glabrata are extremely rare and occur almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. We report an atypical case of Candida glabrata pneumonia in a non-immunocompromised patient and describe the imaging findings on digital radiography and computed tomography.

[Percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses in Crohn disease].

The majority of abcesses associated with Crohn's disease require surgical treatment. Since the postoperative rate of complications is high, particular care is needed in the choice of surgical therapy for patients with Crohn's disease. The interventional radiological method of percutaneous abcess drainage provides the surgeon with an alternative technique suitable both for the curative treatment of simple abcesses and for the palliation of complicated abcesses prior to elective surgical treatment.

[Generalized clostridial infection in a 60-year-old patient with massive soft tissue emphysema on thoracic radiography].

We report a case of a 60-year-old patient with progressive soft tissue emphysema caused by infection with clostridium septicum. In contrast to a rather linear spread of air in non infectious soft tissue-emphysema, in this case a mainly vesicular spread of air in the soft tissue is noted on plain films. Together with the clinical history, this finding may indicate an infectious cause.

[Phlebography of the leg veins. Study quality and sources of error].

In a retrospective study, 198 contrast venographies were evaluated by two blinded observers for quality of opacification of the venous system and quality of documentation. There was good correlation between the two observers in 91% of the cases. They found an adequate contrast quality in 183 cases (92.