Impact of COVID-19 on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Previous outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been associated with unfavourable pregnancy outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the human coronavirus family, and since this infection shows a pandemic trend it will involve many pregnant women.

Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid: a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage.

Background/aim: Clinical data with respect to the impact of meconium on the risk of maternal hemorrhage are scarce. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine whether meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) represents a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) after vaginal delivery in a large unselected population.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study evaluated 78,542 consecutive women who had a vaginal delivery between 24th and 44th weeks of gestation.

Hysteroscopic chasing for endometrial cancer in a low-risk population: risks of overinvestigation.

Purpose: To evaluate the appropriateness of the indications for hysteroscopy done, in fertile and postmenopausal women, for the detection of endometrial cancer.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2673 consecutive women who underwent office hysteroscopy chasing for endometrial cancer between January 2012 and June 2014. According to their medical history only low-risk women entered the study.

"GINEXMAL RCT: Induction of labour versus expectant management in gestational diabetes pregnancies".

Background: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancies affecting around 7% of women. This clinical condition is associated with an increased risk of developing fetal macrosomia and is related to a higher incidence of caesarean section in comparison to the general population. Strong evidence indicating the best management between induction of labour at term and expectant monitoring are missing.

Gestational diabetes and fetal growth acceleration: induction of labour versus expectant management.

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare elective induction of labour at 38 weeks versus expectant management in A1 and A2 gestational diabetes (GDM) pregnancies with fetal growth acceleration. Primary outcome of the study was C-section (CS) rate, while secondary outcomes were macrosomia incidence and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out.

Tubercular endometritis visualized as endometrial micropolyps during hysteroscopic procedure.

Female genital tuberculosis is a rare disease in developed countries but it is a frequent cause of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility in undeveloped countries. A rare case of tubercular endometritis diagnosed at hysteroscopy and successfully treated in a woman with secondary infertility, is presented. As far as we know this is the first case that shows the association between endometrial micropolyps and tubercular endometritis.

Resectoscopic treatment of atypical endometrial polyps in fertile women.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and prognosis of hysteroscopic resection and coagulation of the base of endometrial polyps with focal atypia in fertile women with or without progestin suppression.

Study Design: We conducted a quasi-randomized trial in which conservative treatment was offered to 21 patients who had endometrial polyps with focal atypia and a surrounding normal endometrium. The polyps were analyzed separately from their bases.

Is resectoscopic treatment of atypical endometrial polyps a safe option?

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term efficacy and prognosis of hysteroscopic resection and coagulation of the polyp base of endometrial polyps with focal atypia in postmenopausal women.

Study Design: In this observational noncomparative study, conservative treatment was offered to 16 patients, with high anesthesiologic risk, who had endometrial polyps with focal atypia and a surrounding atrophic endometrium. To confirm the focality of the lesion, the polyps were analyzed separately from their bases.

[Stress urinary incontinence: an overview on actual surgical trends].

Stress urinary female incontinence (IUS) is an unpleasant symptom describing a loss of urine during physical exertion; genuine stress incontinence (GSI) is a socially unacceptable, involuntary loss of urine in absence of detrusor activity from the urethra associated with sudden cough or strain. The incidence of IUS is less than 10% in reproductive-age women but may approach 10-20% in postmenopausal women. The IUS pathophysiology is connected with two specific mechanisms: the urethral-bladder sliding out of anatomical area involves the normal system of endobladder/intraabdominal pressures, with a loss of urine; the second mechanism involves the damaged urethral sphincteric function, with a reduction of the urethral closure pressure and a urinary loss after minimal physical stimulation.

[Magnetic resonance (MR) in endometrial carcinoma preoperative evaluation].

Background: Myometrial invasion of endometrial carcinoma is an important prognostic factor because the degree of myometrial invasion is correlated with the rate of lymphnode metastases and of recurrences. The aim of the study was a preoperative evaluation of endometrial carcinoma by Magnetic Resonance (MR).

Methods: The authors present a prospective study performed on 54 cases of endometrial carcinoma collected at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the University of Trieste (Italy).

[Typification of HPV in clinical practice].

Objective: To improve the sensitivity of cervical carcinoma screening and to determine the optimal management with an ASCUS Pap result we evaluated the effectiveness of combining thin layer cytologic slides (ThinPrep) and HPV DNA testing.

Methods: A total of 170 women were studied with conventional Pap smears, liquid based cytology, HPV testing and colposcopy with eventual histologic evaluation.

Results: The ThinPrep method yielded 12.

[Sexual behavior and adolescence].

Background: Adolescence represents the period with the highest frequency of negative consequences associated with sexual activities (sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies). An epidemiological study was carried out in symptomatic patients attending our Outpatient Clinic for Sexually Transmitted Diseases between April 1995 and April 1999 in order to evaluate the behaviour pattern of the adolescent population and identify the differences compared to the adult population.

Methods: A questionnaire was used to assess the characteristics of two groups of patients: the first consisted of 54 teenagers (13-19 years-old) and the second, the control group, consisted of 917 women aged between 20 and 40 years old.

[Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri. A case report and analysis of the literature].

The authors described a case of villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with radical hysterectomy (Piver type 2) and pelvic lymphadenectomy. The cytohistologic and clinical aspects of this rare neoplasia are debated also considering the literature data where, until 1996, 41 cases of villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix were reported (10 cases at Stage 0 and 31 cases at Stage IB), all with favorable prognosis.

Study of the partners of women with human papillomavirus infection.

Background: Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, and it has been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of dysplasia and cancer of the uterine cervix. The possible influence of male HPV lesions on female cervix oncogenesis has not been elucidated so far. In the present study we evaluate the male partners of women with clinical or subclinical HPV infection with particular interest in the clinical features of this infection in both partners.

Immunological study of vulvar lichen sclerosus: preliminary considerations.

Sclero-atrophic lichen (LSA) is a dermatosis that is well defined from the clinical and histological viewpoints, but the etiology remains unknown. The main symptom is a permanent pruritus which results in a gynecological consultation. We have studied the immunological status of 48 patients with LSA and 33 controls.