A community-engaged qualitative study of factors affecting sleep among Hispanic/Latinos with short sleep duration.

Background: Despite having high prevalence of short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and sleep disorders in adult Hispanics living in the US, there is limited understanding of the underlying barriers to sleep and effective interventions in these groups. This study aimed to increase understanding of sleep duration and attitudes toward sleep interventions among Hispanic adults.

Methods: We conducted 5 online focus group discussions with male and female participants aged 18-65 recruited from the Hispanic community who reported sleeping <7 hours per night.

APC 4099 has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and fungi and produces several antimicrobial peptides, including the novel circular bacteriocin safencin E.

Unlabelled: APC 4099, isolated from bees' gut, has been identified as a promising candidate for food biopreservation. Antimicrobial activity screening revealed a broad-spectrum inhibition potential, ranging from gram-positive pathogenic bacteria to fungi responsible for food spoilage. Genomic analysis identified biosynthetic gene clusters coding for several antimicrobial peptides and secondary metabolites.

The development and psychometric properties of the Prison Fellowship- Well-being Index (PF WBI).

Purpose: This paper aims to describe the development and validation of the Prison Fellowship Well-being index (PF-WBI), a new quantitative tool for assessing prisoner and staff well-being within prison cultures.

Design/methodology/approach: The PF-WBI was developed through an iterative process of item creation, administration alongside established well-being measures and a series of data analyses. Data was collected from both staff and prisoners ( = 989) across four North Dakota prisons.

Controlled molecule injector for cold, dense, and pure molecular beams at the European x-ray free-electron laser.

A permanently available molecular-beam injection setup for controlled molecules (COMO) was installed and commissioned at the small quantum systems (SQS) instrument at the European x-ray free-electron laser (EuXFEL). A b-type electrostatic deflector allows for pure state-, size-, and isomer-selected samples of polar molecules and clusters. The source provides a rotationally cold (T ≈ 1 K) and dense (ρ ≈ 108 cm-3) molecular beam with pulse durations up to 100 µs generated by a new version of the Even-Lavie valve.

A Case Report of Acute Pancreatitis in Food-Induced Anaphylaxis.

Food allergy-induced pancreatitis is a rare condition that presents unique diagnostic challenges. While acute pancreatitis (AP) is typically linked to factors such as gallstones, alcohol consumption, metabolic issues, medications, and autoimmune conditions, food allergies are seldom considered a potential cause. Diagnosing food allergy-induced pancreatitis often requires a high index of suspicion and the exclusion of more common causes of pancreatitis.

Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis Associated With IgA Nephropathy and C3 Deposits in a Patient With Chronic Hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B-associated glomerulonephritis (GN) has been recognized for decades. However, only a few cases of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in a setting of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) associated with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been described. Herein, we report the case of a 42-year-old Asian female with a past medical history significant for chronic HBV on entecavir, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and newly diagnosed breast cancer, who underwent elective bilateral mastectomy and breast augmentation.

"Like the Wild West": Health care provider perspectives on impacts of recreational cannabis legalization on patients and providers at a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Ontario, Canada.

Introduction: Legalization has increased cannabis availability in Canada. Research shows complex relationships between cannabis use and mental health, and a need for health care providers to engage with patients about cannabis use. Providers have noted gaps in knowledge and research on the medical effects of cannabis as barriers to service delivery.

Lack of genetic association of non-melanoma skin cancer and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.

Background: Prior research has shown a positive association of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) in patients with non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), likely due to an increase in ultraviolet exposure associated with both. However, the role of NMSC as a genetic risk factor for PXG has not been examined. Thus, the goal of this study is to utilize Mendelian randomization with genome-wide association studies to evaluate for genetic causality while controlling for environmental confounders.

Quantitative trait loci concentrate in specific regions of the Mexican cavefish genome and reveal key candidate genes for cave-associated evolution.

A major goal of modern biology is connecting phenotype with its underlying genetic basis. The Mexican cavefish (Astyanax mexicanus), a characin fish species comprised of a surface ecotype and a cave-derived ecotype, is well suited as a model to study the genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to extreme environments. Here we map 206 previously published quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cave-derived traits in A.

Glecaprevir-Pibrentasvir and Ethinyl Estradiol-Induced Liver Injury in a Patient Without Cirrhosis.

Most drug liver injury cases are the result of an unexpected interaction with medications. We present a 33-year-old woman, four months postpartum, on ethinyl estradiol/norgestrel, who presented in the ED with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe pruritus six weeks after starting glecaprevir-pibrentasvir (GP) treatment. The patient was suspected to have a drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and GP was discontinued.

Digest: Pelagic habitats promote speciation but constrain morphological evolution.

What happens when ecological factors predicted to promote evolutionary change coincide with factors predicted to constrain it? A recent study by Burress and Hart (2024) shows that the transition of North American minnows from a competitive and complex benthic habitat to a noncompetitive and homogeneous pelagic habitat is associated with an increase in speciation rates but a decrease in rates of morphological evolution. These results demonstrate that different dimensions of evolutionary change may respond to different ecological factors.

Water is a radiation protection agent for ionised pyrrole.

Radiation-induced damage of biological matter is an ubiquitous problem in nature. The influence of the hydration environment is widely discussed, but its exact role remains elusive. Utilising well defined solvated-molecule aggregates, we experimentally observed a hydrogen-bonded water molecule acting as a radiation protection agent for ionised pyrrole, a prototypical aromatic biomolecule.

Loci associated with cave-derived traits concentrate in specific regions of the Mexican cavefish genome.

A major goal of modern evolutionary biology is connecting phenotypic evolution with its underlying genetic basis. The Mexican cavefish (), a characin fish species comprised of a surface ecotype and a cave-derived ecotype, is well suited as a model to study the genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to extreme environments. Here we map 206 previously published quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cave-derived traits in to the newest version of the surface fish genome assembly, AstMex3.

Maribacter halichondriae sp. nov., isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria panicea, displays features of a sponge-associated life style.

A new member of the family Flavobacteriaceae (termed Hal144) was isolated from the marine breadcrumb sponge Halichondria panicea. Sponge material was collected in 2018 at Schilksee which is located in the Kiel Fjord (Baltic Sea, Germany). Phylogenetic analysis of the full-length Hal144 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed similarities from 94.

Regioselective Hydroxylation of Unsymmetrical Ketones Using Cu, HO, and Imine Directing Groups via Formation of an Electrophilic Cupric Hydroperoxide Core.

Herein, we describe the regioselective functionalization of unsymmetrical ketones using imine directing groups, Cu, and HO. The C-H hydroxylation of the substrate-ligands derived from 2-substituted benzophenones occurred exclusively at the γ-position of the unsubstituted ring due to the formation of only one imine stereoisomer. Conversely, the imines derived from 4-substituted benzophenones produced / mixtures that upon reacting with Cu and HO led to two γ-C-H hydroxylation products.

Gene loss and relaxed selection of in vertebrates adapted to low-light environments.

Gene loss is an important mechanism for evolution in low-light or cave environments where visual adaptations often involve a reduction or loss of eyesight. The gene family are phospholipases essential for the degradation of organelles in the lens of the eye. They translocate to damaged organelle membranes, inducing them to rupture.

Changes in self-reported cannabis use during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting mental health and substance use (MHSU) issues worldwide. The purpose of this study was to characterize the literature on changes in cannabis use during the pandemic and the factors associated with such changes.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review by searching peer-reviewed databases and grey literature from January 2020 to May 2022 using the Arksey and O'Malley Framework.

Bioprospecting for polyesterase activity relevant for PET degradation in marine Enterobacterales isolates.

Plastics have quickly become an integral part of modern life. Due to excessive production and improper waste disposal, they are recognized as contaminants present in practically all habitat types. Although there are several polymers, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is of particular concern due to its abundance in the environment.

Myenteric Plexus Immune Cell Infiltrations and Neurotransmitter Expression in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

Background And Aims: Pain is a cardinal symptom in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. An important structure in the transduction of pain signalling is the myenteric plexus [MP]. Nevertheless, IBD-associated infiltration of the MP by immune cells lacks in-depth characterisation.

A Rare Case of Severe Jaundice in a Panhypopituitarism Patient.

Hyperbilirubinemia and transaminitis are rarely associated with a disorder of endocrine function. It mostly manifests as a cholestatic pattern of liver injury. Herein, a 25-year-old female patient with a past medical history of congenital hypopituitarism due to pituitary ectopia presented with serum direct bilirubin level of 9.

East Asian-North American disjunctions and phylogenetic relationships within subtribe Nepetinae (Lamiaceae).

Biogeographic disjunctions, including intercontinental disjunctions, are frequent across plant lineages and have been of considerable interest to biologists for centuries. Their study has been reinvigorated by molecular dating and associated comparative methods. One of the "classic" disjunction patterns is that between Eastern Asia and North America.

Selection-driven trait loss in independently evolved cavefish populations.

Laboratory studies have demonstrated that a single phenotype can be produced by many different genotypes; however, in natural systems, it is frequently found that phenotypic convergence is due to parallel genetic changes. This suggests a substantial role for constraint and determinism in evolution and indicates that certain mutations are more likely to contribute to phenotypic evolution. Here we use whole genome resequencing in the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, to investigate how selection has shaped the repeated evolution of both trait loss and enhancement across independent cavefish lineages.