k-mer genome-wide association study for anthracnose and BCMV resistance in a Phaseolus vulgaris Andean Diversity Panel.

Access to broad genomic resources and closely linked marker-trait associations for common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can facilitate development of improved varieties with increased yield, improved market quality traits, and enhanced disease resistance. The emergence of virulent races of anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) highlight the need for improved methods to identify and incorporate pan-genomic variation in breeding for disease resistance.

Ethylene glycol is metabolized to ethanol and acetate and induces expression of bacterial microcompartments in .

Ethylene glycol (EG, 1,2-ethanediol) is a two-carbon dihydroxy alcohol that can be derived from fermentation of plant-derived xylose and arabinose and which can be formed during food fermentations. Here we show that DSM 20271 is able to convert EG in anaerobic conditions to ethanol and acetate in almost equimolar amounts. The metabolism of EG led to a moderate increase of biomass, indicating its metabolism is energetically favourable.

Preferred language and diagnostic errors in the pediatric emergency department.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between language and diagnostic errors (DxE) in the pediatric emergency department (ED).

Methods: Electronic trigger identified ED encounters resulting in unplanned hospital admission that occurred within 10 days of an index visit from January 2018 through February 2022. Manual screening of each triggered encounter identified cases where the index visit diagnosis and hospitalization discharge diagnosis differed, and these were screened in for review using the Revised Safer Dx instrument to determine if a diagnostic error (DxE) occurred.

Anaphylaxis in Children.

Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening event in children, commonly encountered in the prehospital and emergency department settings. Recently published clinical guidelines emphasize early recognition of anaphylaxis and administration of epinephrine as the mainstay of management. Literature regarding adjuvant therapies, biphasic reactions, observation times, and disposition of patients with anaphylaxis remains controversial.

Use of e-triggers to identify diagnostic errors in the paediatric ED.

Background: Diagnostic errors (DxEs) are an understudied source of patient harm in children rarely captured in current adverse event reporting systems. Applying electronic triggers (e-triggers) to electronic health records shows promise in identifying DxEs but has not been used in the emergency department (ED) setting.

Objectives: To assess the performance of an e-trigger and subsequent manual screening for identifying probable DxEs among children with unplanned admission following a prior ED visit and to compare performance to existing incident reporting systems.

Patient Preferences for Treatment Outcomes in Oncology with a Focus on the Older Patient-A Systematic Review.

For physicians, it is important to know which treatment outcomes are prioritized overall by older patients with cancer, since this will help them to tailor the amount of information and treatment recommendations. Older patients might prioritize other outcomes than younger patients. Our objective is to summarize which outcomes matter most to older patients with cancer.

The tepary bean genome provides insight into evolution and domestication under heat stress.

Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolis A. Gray), native to the Sonoran Desert, is highly adapted to heat and drought. It is a sister species of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.

The genetics and physiology of seed dormancy, a crucial trait in common bean domestication.

Background: Physical seed dormancy is an important trait in legume domestication. Although seed dormancy is beneficial in wild ecosystems, it is generally considered to be an undesirable trait in crops due to reduction in yield and / or quality. The physiological mechanism and underlying genetic factor(s) of seed dormancy is largely unknown in several legume species.

The Effect of Cranial Nerve Stimulation on Swallowing: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review summarizes published studies on the effect of cranial nerve stimulation (CNS) on swallowing and determines the level of evidence of the included studies to guide the development of future research on new treatment strategies for oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) using CNS. Studies published between January 1990 and October 2019 were found via a systematic comprehensive electronic database search using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Two independent reviewers screened all articles based on the title and abstract using strict inclusion criteria.

Ketamine Sedation and Hypoxia: A Quality Improvement Project to Reduce Respiratory Events Receiving Intervention.

Background: Ketamine is a well-studied and safe medication used for procedural sedation in the pediatric emergency department (ED). However, in our ED and urgent care (UC), we had higher rates of respiratory events receiving intervention (REs) than has been reported nationally.

Objective: A quality improvement (QI) project was initiated to address this problem with the following aim: during a 24-month period, we aimed to decrease REs during i.

Induction of competent cells for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated stable transformation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Stable transformation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been successful, to date, only using biolistic-mediated transformation and shoot regeneration from meristem-containing embryo axes. In this study, using precultured embryo axes, and optimal co-cultivation conditions resulted in a successful transformation of the common bean cultivar Olathe using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105.

Epidemiologic comparison of ankle injuries presenting to US emergency departments versus high school and collegiate athletic training settings.

Background: Ankle sprains account for a large proportion of injuries presenting to both United States (US) emergency departments (EDs) as well as high school (HS) and collegiate school athletic training settings. The epidemiologic differences across these settings by both sport and diagnosis have not been well differentiated. Ankle injury data from 3 national surveillance datasets.

Treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis with ansa cervicalis to recurrent nerve anastomosis in a young adolescent: European case report.

Background: Laryngeal re-innervation in paediatric unilateral vocal fold paralysis is a relatively new treatment option, of which there has been little reported experience in Europe.

Methods: In this European case report of a 13-year-old boy with dysphonia secondary to left-sided unilateral vocal fold paralysis after cardiac surgery, the patient underwent re-innervation using an ansa cervicalis to recurrent laryngeal nerve transfer, in combination with fat augmentation, after 12 years of nerve denervation. Perceptual analysis data, and acoustic and laryngoscopy recordings were acquired pre-operatively, and at one and two years post-operatively.

Use of Dextran-based Anterograde Cortical Tracers to Assess the Integrity of the Cortical Spinal Tract.

When injected into the motor cortex of rats, anterograde tracers label fibers of the associated descending corticospinal tract (CST) that originate from pyramidal neurons in the tracer-injected cortex. These fibers can be assessed at the level of the spinal cord to determine the integrity of the descending CST and the spatial distribution of axons in the spinal grey matter. Here we provide detailed methods on the minimally invasive stereotaxic injection of anterograde tracers into the forelimb sensorimotor representation in the rat cortex.

Induction of Photothrombotic Stroke in the Sensorimotor Cortex of Rats andPreparation of Tissue for Analysis of Stroke Volume andTopographical Cortical Localization of Ischemic Infarct.

The photothrombotic model of stroke is commonly used in research as it allows the ischemic infarct to be targeted to specific regions of the cortex with high reproducibility and well-defined infarct borders. Unlike other models of stroke, photothrombosis allows the precise size and location of infarct to be tightly controlled with minimal surgical invasion. Photothrombosis is induced when a circulating photosensitive dye is irradiated , resulting in focal disruption of the endothelium, activation of platelets and occlusion of the microvasculature ( Watson , 1985 ; Dietrich , 1987 ; Carmichael, 2005).

Enhancing Spinal Plasticity Amplifies the Benefits of Rehabilitative Training and Improves Recovery from Stroke.

The limited recovery that occurs following stroke happens almost entirely in the first weeks postinjury. Moreover, the efficacy of rehabilitative training is limited beyond this narrow time frame. Sprouting of spared corticospinal tract axons in the contralesional spinal cord makes a significant contribution to sensorimotor recovery, but this structural plasticity is also limited to the first few weeks after stroke.

Intracranial Complications of Pediatric Sinusitis.

"Headache and fever" is a common presentation to the urgent care and emergency department setting and can have many etiologies. We present a case of a 10-year-old girl who presented with headache and fever and was found to have intracranial extension of sinusitis despite lack of typical sinus or chronic upper respiratory tract infection symptoms. This case illustrates the need in the emergency department or urgent care to keep a broad differential diagnosis for pediatric headache, especially when initial interventions are unsuccessful.

Identification of Pm58 from Aegilops tauschii.

A novel powdery mildew-resistance gene, designated Pm58, was introgressed directly from Aegilops tauschii to hexaploid wheat, mapped to chromosome 2DS, and confirmed to be effective under field conditions. Selectable KASP™ markers were developed for MAS. Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.

Fine mapping of the stem rust resistance gene SrTA10187.

SrTA10187 was fine-mapped to a 1.1 cM interval, candidate genes were identified in the region of interest, and molecular markers were developed for marker-assisted selection and Sr gene pyramiding. Stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.

Gene amplification of 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase in glyphosate-resistant Kochia scoparia.

Field-evolved resistance to the herbicide glyphosate is due to amplification of one of two EPSPS alleles, increasing transcription and protein with no splice variants or effects on other pathway genes. The widely used herbicide glyphosate inhibits the shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Globally, the intensive use of glyphosate for weed control has selected for glyphosate resistance in 31 weed species.

Tandem amplification of a chromosomal segment harboring 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase locus confers glyphosate resistance in Kochia scoparia.

Recent rapid evolution and spread of resistance to the most extensively used herbicide, glyphosate, is a major threat to global crop production. Genetic mechanisms by which weeds evolve resistance to herbicides largely determine the level of resistance and the rate of evolution of resistance. In a previous study, we determined that glyphosate resistance in Kochia scoparia is due to the amplification of the 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase (EPSPS) gene, the enzyme target of glyphosate.

Genome-scale metabolic model for Lactococcus lactis MG1363 and its application to the analysis of flavor formation.

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 is a paradigm strain for lactococci used in industrial dairy fermentations. However, despite of its importance for process development, no genome-scale metabolic model has been reported thus far.

Interobserver variability and the effect of education in the histopathological diagnosis of differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.

No published data concerning intraobserver and interobserver variability in the histopathological diagnosis of differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (DVIN) are available, although it is widely accepted to be a subtle and difficult histopathological diagnosis. In this study, the reproducibility of the histopathological diagnosis of DVIN is evaluated. Furthermore, we investigated the possible improvement of the reproducibility after providing guidelines with histological characteristics and tried to identify histological characteristics that are most important in the recognition of DVIN.