Nutritional variables and their effect on the development of ultrasonic vocalizations in rat pups.

Measures of ultrasonic vocalizations were made on alternate days during the first and second weeks postpartum in rat pups reared by mothers fed either control (23%) or low protein (8%) diets. Compared to those reared by control mothers, pups reared by low protein mothers emitted significantly fewer ultrasonic vocalizations. The hypothesis that malnutrition might shift the age at which peak rate of vocalizations were emitted was not confirmed.

Influence of maternal malnutrition on pituitary-adrenal responsiveness to offspring.

Maternal pituitary-adrenal responsiveness to noxious and pup-produced stimuli was investigated in rat mothers fed low protein or control diets. While low protein (LP) mothers did not differ from control (C) dams in basal secretion of corticosterone or in their response to ether or novelty stress, the LP mother's response to pups which had been either handled (H) or shocked (S) differed from controls. This responsiveness to pups depended on both the mother's and pup's nutritional condition.

A standardized interviewing technique for evaluating postgraduate training applicants.

In an effort to streamline the personal interview and to reduce the influence of subjectivity inpreparation of ranking lists for postgraduate year-one applicants, a standardized interview was constructed for use in evaluating condidates for admission to a training program in internal medicine. The interview was conducted in a uniformly structured manner by 14 interviewers of 260 applicants. Each applicant received an interview score which correlated well with the final decision of the Intern Selection Committee.

Physical examination. Frequently observed errors.

A method allowing for direct observation of intern and resident physicians while interviewing and examining patients has been in use on our medical wards for the last five years. A large number of errors in the performance of the medical examination by young physicians were noted and a classification of these errors into those of technique, omission, detection, interpretation, and recording was made. An approach to detection and correction of each of these kinds of errors is presented, as well as a discussion of possible reasons for the occurrence of these errors in physician performance.

Rat polyvinyl sponge model for the study of infections: host factors and microbial proliferation.

Female rats were treated with several administration regimens of methylprednisolone, cobra venom anti-complementary factor, and cyclophosphamide in conjunction with polyvinyl sponge implantations. The effect of these drugs on host factors active against bacteria was evaluated with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25933, Escherichia coli K-12, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC 7725. One of two implants in each animal was infected with 10(8) of one of the three bacteria, and bacterial and granulocyte content was determined in the infected and control sponges after 48 h.

Rat polyvinyl sponge model for the study of infections: initial investigations.

Polyvinyl sponges were implanted subcutaneously on both sides of young female rats. One sponge was infected with 10(8) of either Escherichia coli K-12 F-, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC 7725. P.

[Acute polyradiculitis. Experiences in an intensive care unit].

30 patients with acute polyradiculitis treated in an intensive care unit between 1960 and 1974 are described. Intensive care in these patients was indicated mainly for respiratory problems necessitating tracheotomy and, frequently, artificial ventilation. The main complications encountered are described in detail: they are infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts; cardiovascular problems (mainly instability of blood pressure and sinus tachycardia, and sometimes lifethreatening arrhythmias); frequent thromboembolic complications in patients not on anticoagulants; and bleeding (especially from the gastrointestinal tract) even in the absence of anticoagulants.

Absence of collagen stimulating factors for L929 cells in granulation tissue extracts.

We have attempted to find collagen synthesis stimulating activity in polyvinyl sponge granulation tissue extracts and inflammatory fluid. The cells studied in culture were mouse L929 cells grown in monolayers. A prior study by another group reported such factors to be present in healing wound extracts and in extracts of CHHl3 injured liver.

Pituitary--adrenal responsiveness of rat mothers to noxious stimuli and stimuli produced by pups.

Studies on the response of female rats to various stresses during the course of lactation showed a marked reduction in pituitary-adrenal activity. Maximum suppression coincided with the period of maximum lactation, about 14 days after parturition. Both pituitary corticotropin and the release of corticosterone were significantly reduced.

Fibroblast DNA synthesis activation in sponge induced granulation tissue. The effect of antineutrophil serum and cyclophosphamide.

DNA synthesis in rat and rabbit polyvinyl sponge induced granulation tissue has been studied using thymidine (methyl-3H). Synthesis was determined by measurement of thymidine incorporation into cold trichloroacetic acid insoluble material and by autoradiography. Granulation tissue was removed and immediately incubated in vitro in the presence of thymidine (methyl-3H) for three hours.

The mechanism of action of a single dose of methylprednisolone on acute inflammation in vivo.

A model system for the study of inflammation in vivo has been developed using the 16-h polyvinyl sponge implant in the rat. This system allows for simultaneous measurement of in vivo chemotaxis, volume of fluid influx, and fluid concentrations of lysosomal and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) enzymes. In addition, the enzyme content of inflammatory fluid neutrophils may also be determined.

Kinetic study of neutrophil and inflammatory fluid beta glucuronidase.

Beta glucuronidase obtained from rat inflammatory fluid and granulocytes was studied kinetically. Linear increases in activity occurred with time and enzyme concentration. No evidence of enzyme degradation during incubation was obtained.

The need for modification of the polyvinyl sponge model of connective tissue growth. Histoligic and biochemical studies in the rabbit.

Quantitative histopathologic and biochemical comparisons were made between polyvinyl sponge capsular and sponge tissue in the rabbit on different days after subcutaneous implantation. Up to 9 days the predominant cell type in the capsular tissue is the fibroblast and in the sponge it is the neutrophil. During this time period the sponge tissue shows lower rates of (14C) proline and (14C) cytidine incorporation and lower rates of total (14C) collagen synthesis than the surrounding capsule.