The soil-borne white root rot pathogen Rosellinia necatrix expresses antimicrobial proteins during host colonization.

Rosellinia necatrix is a prevalent soil-borne plant-pathogenic fungus that is the causal agent of white root rot disease in a broad range of host plants. The limited availability of genomic resources for R. necatrix has complicated a thorough understanding of its infection biology.

Sinonasal tract and nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 86 cases.

Primary sinonasal tract and nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinomas (STACC) are uncommon tumors that are frequently misclassified, resulting in inappropriate clinical management. Eighty-six cases of STACC included 45 females and 41 males, aged 12-91 years (mean 54.4 years).

Intensified neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer -- impact on long-term quality of life.

Aims: In spite of advances in rectal cancer surgery and the use of preoperative 5-fluorouracil-(5-FU) based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in stage II and III disease distant metastases still occur in about 35-40% of the patients. Intensified preoperative CRT (ICRT) using other drugs in conjunction with 5-FU has been investigated in order to improve the pathological complete remission (pCR) rate and thereby prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. However, acute toxicity, especially diarrhea, was reported to be high and no improvement in pCR rates has been observed in randomized trials.

Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic analysis of 22 cases.

Background: The diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSV-PTC) is an uncommon tumor making up about 2% of all papillary thyroid carcinomas. Previous studies have not comprehensively evaluated these tumors in a large series of patients.

Design: Twenty-two cases of DSV-PTC diagnosed between 1970 and 2000 were identified in the files of the AFIP.

Intratracheal ectopic thyroid tissue: a case report and literature review.

We discuss a case of intratracheal ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) that was retrieved from the files of the Otorhinolaryngic--Head and Neck Pathology Registry at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. The patient was a 54-year-old man who had a history of papillary thyroid carcinoma, which had been treated with a subtotal thyroidectomy. During routine follow-up 4 years later, the patient's primary care physician detected an elevated thyroglobulin level.

Adrenal cortical neoplasms in the pediatric population: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic analysis of 83 patients.

Adrenal cortical neoplasms in pediatric patients (<20 years) are rare. The clinical manifestations and biologic behavior of these lesions can be quite distinct from their histologically similar counterparts in the adult population, making pathologic criteria for distinguishing benign from malignant tumors equivocal. We undertook a study of 83 adrenal cortical neoplasms to determine if adult clinical and histologic features can be applied to pediatric patients in an outcome-based analysis.

Sinonasal tract and nasopharyngeal melanomas: a clinicopathologic study of 115 cases with a proposed staging system.

Primary sinonasal tract mucosal malignant melanomas are uncommon tumors that are frequently misclassified, resulting in inappropriate clinical management. A total of 115 cases of sinonasal tract mucosal malignant melanoma included 59 females and 56 males, 13-93 years of age (mean 64.3 years).

17-beta estradiol preserves endothelial cell viability in an in vitro model of homocysteine-induced oxidative stress.

High levels of homocysteine (Hcy) accelerate endothelial cell damage by producing hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). We investigated whether 17-beta estradiol may prevent the accelerated rate of endothelial cell detachment and reduced cell viability in cultured endothelial cells challenged with Hcy. Cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were incubated for 72-h with either vehicle (alcohol) or different concentrations of 17-beta estradiol (1 nM [1E2] and 10 nM [10E2]) before being challenged with 0.

Estradiol prevents homocysteine-induced endothelial injury in male rats.

Objective: We investigated whether estradiol may prevent accelerated atherosclerosis due to hyperhomocysteinemia by enhancing the antioxidant system.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were treated with placebo (P) or 1 mg (1E2) and 2 mg (2E2) 17 beta estradiol. Half of the animals (n=6) from each group received homocysteine (Hcy, 100 mg/kg/day) administered in the drinking water for 60 days (P/Hcy, 1E2/Hcy and 2E2/Hcy).

Spindle cell (sarcomatoid) carcinomas of the larynx: a clinicopathologic study of 187 cases.

Laryngeal spindle cell (sarcomatoid) carcinomas are uncommon tumors, frequently misdiagnosed as reactive lesions or mesenchymal malignancies. The records of 187 patients with tumors diagnosed as laryngeal spindle cell (sarcomatoid) carcinoma were retrieved from the files of the Otorhinolaryngic Tumor Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. There were 174 men and 13 women, 35-92 years of age (average, 65.

Giant cell tumor of the larynx: a clinicopathologic series of eight cases and a review of the literature.

True giant cell tumors of the larynx (GCTL) are quite rare, and only individual case reports are documented in the literature. Eight cases of GCTL were identified in the Otorhinolaryngic Pathology Tumor Registry between 1966 and 2000. There were 2 women and 6 men, ages 26 to 62 years (mean, 44.

Corticomedullary mixed tumor of the adrenal gland.

Corticomedullary mixed tumors of the adrenal gland are quite rare, with only five well-documented cases reported in the literature.(1-4) Herein, we report the light microscopic and immunohistochemical features of two cases of this rare tumor. Patient 1 is a 34-year-old woman who presented with hypertension, hair loss, and amenorrhea of 1-year duration.

Laryngeal angiosarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of five cases with a review of the literature.

Objective: Primary laryngeal angiosarcoma (LA) is rare without a reported series evaluating these tumors.

Study Design/methods: Five patients with LA were retrospectively retrieved from the Otorhinolaryngic Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.

Results: Three men and 2 women, aged 29 to 71 years, presented with hoarseness (n = 4) and hemoptysis (n = 1).

A clinicopathologic study of minimally invasive follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland with a review of the English literature.

Background: The criteria for minimally invasive (low grade) follicular carcinoma of the thyroid (MI) remain controversial, often resulting in unnecessary treatment.

Methods: The records of 130 patients with minimally invasive (MI) follicular thyroid carcinoma were retrieved from the files of the Endocrine Tumor Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.

Results: Ninety-five patients were confirmed to have MI based on the authors' criteria of small-to-medium vessel invasion, capsular invasion of up to full thickness, no parenchymal tumor extension, and no tumor necrosis (patients with oxyphilic tumors were excluded).

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract.

Background: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a high grade, aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma with a predilection for the larynx, hypopharynx, tonsils, and base of the tongue. To the authors' knowledge, BSCC originating in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses rarely has been reported.

Methods: Fourteen cases of BSCC involving the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were identified in the files of the Otolaryngic-Head and Neck Pathology Tumor Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology from 1975-1997.

Differential Ammonia-Elicited Changes of Cytosolic pH in Root Hair Cells of Rice and Maize as Monitored by 2[prime],7[prime]-bis-(2-Carboxyethyl)-5 (and -6)-Carboxyfluorescein-Fluorescence Ratio.

Intact hair cells of young rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize roots (Zea mays L.), grown without external nitrogen, were specifically loaded with 2[prime],7[prime]-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5 (and -6)-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester to monitor fluorescence ratio cytosolic pH changes in response to external ammonia (NH4+/NH3) application.

Transcranial Doppler sonography in headache-free migraineurs.

We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to determine whether intracranial blood velocities in 182 headache-free migraineurs (60 with aura, 122 without aura) differed from velocities in 38 nonheadache prone control subjects. During the headache-free period, migraineurs with and without aura had significantly elevated mean velocities in all intracranial arteries except the right internal carotid artery at the level of the siphon. Velocities in migraineurs with aura did not differ significantly from velocities in those without aura.

Influence of humidity and rain on uptake and metabolism of 14C-azinphos-methyl in bean plants.

In several experiments the influence of relative humidity and rain on uptake and metabolism of carbonyl-14C-azinphos-methyl was examined in bean plants under the following environmental conditions: Growth room with 35/80%, 65/85% and 95/95% (day/night) relative humidity and open field with and without rain. Increasing relative humidity had an enhancing effect on the rate of uptake and metabolism. A higher portion of water-soluble compounds was found in the bean tissue, although the azinphos-methyl itself is relatively non-polar.