Placental pathologic changes in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Nowadays, the continuous rise of maternal obesity is followed by increased gestational diabetes mellitus incidence. GDM is associated with adverse fetal and neonatal outcome that often presents with macrosomia, birth trauma, neonatal hypoglycemia, and respiratory distress syndrome. Inclusion of GDM into 'the great obstetrical syndromes' emphasizes the role of the placenta in interactions of the maternal and fetal unit.

The role of vitamin D in reproductive health--a Trojan Horse or the Golden Fleece?

In the last decade, vitamin D was in the spotlight in many fields of research. Despite numerous publications, its influence on reproductive health remains ambiguous. This paper presents an up-to-date review of current knowledge concerning the role of cholecalciferol in human reproduction.

PARP1 and phospho-p65 protein expression is increased in human HER2-positive breast cancers.

Previous studies have shown that basal breast cancers, which may have an inherent "BRCAness" phenotype and sensitivity to inhibitors of poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase (PARP), express elevated levels of PARP1. Our lab recently reported that HER2+ breast cancers also exhibit sensitivity to PARP inhibitors (PARPi) by attenuating the NF-κB pathway. In this study, we assessed PARP1 and phospho-p65, a marker of activated NF-κB levels in human breast cancer tissues.

The association of first trimester bleeding with preterm delivery.

Introduction: Preterm birth (PTB) is a predictor of perinatal morbidity and mortality, and prematurity continues to burden public healthcare with growing expenses. First trimester bleeding (FTB) has a well-known association with PTB; however, the relationship with severity of PTB is less obvious.

Aim: The primary aim of the study was to analyze the influence of FTB on the risk and severity of PTB, as well as to assess the connection of FTB and other pregnancy complications.

Evaluation of sonographic assessment of the progress of labor.

Objective: To evaluate the practical application of intrapartum sonographic assessment of the progress of labor.

Material And Methods: Eighty three full-term pregnant women who delivered at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department were enrolled into this study. Transperineal ultrasonographic examinations were conducted with a convex transducer at the onset of active labor, yielding mid-sagittal and coronal images.

[Postpartum levator ani muscle injuries. Diagnosis and treatment].

Levator ani muscle (LAM) injuries are much more frequent than trauma to sphincter ani muscles, but so far they have been omitted in obstetric handbooks. Levator ani avulsion is observed only after vaginal delivery. Forceps delivery second stage of labor ≥ 110 min.

The evolution of fetal presentation during pregnancy: a retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study.

We investigated changes in the frequencies of four primary types of singleton fetal lie/presentation for each gestational week from 18 to 39 weeks in a retrospective, cross-sectional study which analyzed ultrasound examination records of fetal positions, in the outpatient prenatal diagnosis clinics in two cities in Poland. We calculated the prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for each type of lie/presentation. We then identified the gestational age after which no statistically significant changes in terms of prevalence were observed, by comparing the results at each week with the prevalence of cephalic presentation at 39(+0) weeks, used as reference.

Birth after a previous cesarean section - what is most important in making a decision?

Objective: A retrospective analysis of the course of labour in patients after one caesarean section (CS) and of factors influencing successful attempt of vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC).

Design: A group of 296 patients after one CS was divided into: group G1 (206 patients) - elective CS, group G2 (90) - VBAC attempt, and G2 to: G2a (35) - VBAC and G2b (55) - CS after an unsuccessful VB attempt. A comparative analysis between the groups and logistic regression analysis of factors influencing a successful VBAC was made.

Phosphorylated IGFBP-1 in predicting successful vaginal delivery in post-term pregnancy.

Purpose: To estimate whether phosphorylated IGFBP-1 (phIGFBP-1) in cervical secretion in term and post-term pregnancies can predict spontaneous onset of labor or vaginal delivery.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 167 women in singleton term and post-term pregnancies, was conducted at 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, between 2013 and 2014. phIGFBP-1 test (Actim Partus Medix Biochemica), ultrasound cervix assessment and Bishop score were analyzed in the study group.

Pregnancy after kidney and liver transplantation: its outcome and effect on the graft, mother, and neonate.

Background: The influence of pregnancy on graft function in patients after solid organ transplantation is still uncertain.

Material And Methods: Our study is based on a group of 78 cases after liver (LTR) and/or renal transplantation (RTR) with 91 deliveries in the past 12 years in the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warsaw Medical University. We compared duration of pregnancy, mode of delivery, weight of neonates, and graft function.

Contraception in women after organ transplantation.

Introduction: Organ transplantation has improved the quality and length of life for many people suffering from end-stage diseases, among them women of reproductive age. Therefore, it has made pregnancy possible for those previously unable to conceive. Nevertheless, conception itself should be desired and properly timed in these specific patients to ensure the best possible perinatal outcome.

Suitable application of selected biochemical and biophysical markers during the first trimester screening.

Normal trophoblast growth is one of the more important stages of early pregnancy that has a deciding factor on its later development and normal outcome. Identifying pregnant women who have a high risk of complications connected to hypertension during pregnancy is currently one of the most important tasks of perinatal medicine. Abnormal placentation is related not only to the appearance of preeclampsia, but also to many other complications, such as premature placental abruption, intrauterine fetal demise, and intrauterine growth restriction.

Neurological development of children born to liver transplant recipients.

Introduction: Immunosuppressive treatment used in pregnant liver recipients may have a negative impact on fetal development and successively a child.

Aim: The aim of the study was to make a neurological assessment of infants and children born to liver transplant recipients (LTRs) born between December 4, 2001, and February 11, 2013, in the 1(st) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw.

Methods And Materials: The study involved 88 children, of whom 44 children were born to LTR mothers, and 44 children born to women who were not organ recipients and delivered at a similar gestational age.

Intrauterine growth restriction in pregnant renal and liver transplant recipients: risk factors assessment.

Background: Nowadays pregnancy after organ transplantation is possible due to advances in surgical and immunosuppressive therapies. One of the possible complications in pregnancy after organ transplantation is intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This may lead to various adverse perinatal outcomes.

Analysis of the selected biochemical parameters of liver and kidney function in children of mothers after liver transplantation.

Introduction: Children of mothers after liver transplantation (LT) are exposed during fetal life to the immunosuppressive agents. These drugs may have hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects.

Objectives: The aim of the work was to assess liver and kidney parameters of children born from mothers who had LT.

Evaluation of selected markers of the immune system in children of renal transplant recipients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether chronic use of immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy in women after renal transplantation affects the concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM in the serum of their children.

Material: Seventy-eight children aged 1 day to 15 years were enrolled. The study group consisted of 39 children born to renal transplant recipient mothers.

Pregnancy complications after liver transplantation.

Objective: To review complications in pregnancy after liver transplantation and assess the time interval since transplantation on fetal development and preterm birth rate.

Method: A retrospective review of 53 pregnancies after liver transplantation among 45 women who delivered at the Medical University of Warsaw between 2001 and 2013.

Results: Mean duration of pregnancy was 37±2.

Transfusion-related acute lung injury in a patient diagnosed with hypofibrinogenemia after a cesarean section--case report and review of the literature.

Background: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a rare, but potentially fatal, complication of blood product transfusion, manifesting as acute respiratory distress syndrome. In most cases, TRALI is associated with massive transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and platelets.

Case Report: A 38-year-old-woman at 40 weeks gestation was admitted to hospital with spontaneous labor contractions.

Intrapartum GBS screening and antibiotic prophylaxis: a European consensus conference.

Group B streptococcus (GBS) remains worldwide a leading cause of severe neonatal disease. Since the end of the 1990s, various strategies for prevention of the early onset neonatal disease have been implemented and have evolved. When a universal antenatal GBS screening-based strategy is used to identify women who are given an intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis, a substantial reduction of incidence up to 80% has been reported in the USA as in other countries including European countries.

[Fetal hepatic artery flow assessment in prenatal diagnostics--a review of the literature].

Standards of screening tests for the most frequent fetal chromosomal defects in modern non-invasive prenatal diagnostics provide sensitivity of about 93-96%, with the false positive rate of 2.5%. During the first trimester scan, routinely performed between 11 and 13+6 week of pregnancy the calculation of the risk for chromosomal aberrations is based on maternal age (MA), nuchal translucency (NT), levels of free beta human chorionic gonadotropin (free beta-hCG), pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in maternal blood, as well as the parameters from extended ultrasound examination like evaluation of the nasal bone (NB), blood flow in ductus venosus (DV), visualization of the tricuspid valve with potential regurgitation (TR) or measurement of the frontomaxillary facial angle (FMFA).