Quantum Hall effect in a CVD-grown oxide.

Two-dimensional (2D) electron systems are promising for investigating correlated quantum phenomena. In particular, 2D oxides provide a platform that can host various quantum phases such as quantized Hall effect, superconductivity, or magnetism. The realization of such quantum phases in 2D oxides heavily relies on dedicated heterostructure growths.

A precise performance-based reimbursement model for the multi-centre NAPKON cohorts - development and evaluation.

Fair allocation of funding in multi-centre clinical studies is challenging. Models commonly used in Germany - the case fees ("fixed-rate model", FRM) and up-front staffing and consumables ("up-front allocation model", UFAM) lack transparency and fail to suitably accommodate variations in centre performance. We developed a performance-based reimbursement model (PBRM) with automated calculation of conducted activities and applied it to the cohorts of the National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON) within the Network of University Medicine (NUM).

Biomarkers to improve functional outcome prediction after ischemic stroke: Results from the SICFAIL, STRAWINSKI, and PREDICT studies.

Background And Aims: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcome prognostication remains challenging despite available prognostic models. We investigated whether a biomarker panel improves the predictive performance of established prognostic scores.

Methods: We investigated the improvement in discrimination, calibration, and overall performance by adding five biomarkers (procalcitonin, copeptin, cortisol, mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)) to the Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne (ASTRAL) and age/NIHSS scores using data from two prospective cohort studies (SICFAIL, PREDICT) and one clinical trial (STRAWINSKI).

Emergent symmetry in a low-dimensional superconductor on the edge of Mottness.

Upon cooling, condensed-matter systems typically transition into states of lower symmetry. The converse-i.e.

Phonon-mediated room-temperature quantum Hall transport in graphene.

The quantum Hall (QH) effect in two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs) is conventionally observed at liquid-helium temperatures, where lattice vibrations are strongly suppressed and bulk carrier scattering is dominated by disorder. However, due to large Landau level (LL) separation (~2000 K at B = 30 T), graphene can support the QH effect up to room temperature (RT), concomitant with a non-negligible population of acoustic phonons with a wave-vector commensurate to the inverse electronic magnetic length. Here, we demonstrate that graphene encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) realizes a novel transport regime, where dissipation in the QH phase is governed predominantly by electron-phonon scattering.

Cardiac dysfunction and high-sensitive C-reactive protein are associated with troponin T elevation in ischemic stroke: insights from the SICFAIL study.

Background: Troponin elevation is common in ischemic stroke (IS) patients. The pathomechanisms involved are incompletely understood and comprise coronary and non-coronary causes, e.g.

Secondary prevention in diabetic and nondiabetic coronary heart disease patients: Insights from the German subset of the hospital arm of the EUROASPIRE IV and V surveys.

Background: Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with and without diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of recurrent events requiring multifactorial secondary prevention of cardiovascular risk factors. We compared prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors and its determinants including lifestyle, pharmacotherapy and diabetes mellitus among patients with chronic CHD examined within the fourth and fifth EUROASPIRE surveys (EA-IV, 2012-13; and EA-V, 2016-17) in Germany.

Methods: The EA initiative iteratively conducts European-wide multicenter surveys investigating the quality of secondary prevention in chronic CHD patients aged 18 to 79 years.

The German National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON): rationale, study design and baseline characteristics.

The German government initiated the Network University Medicine (NUM) in early 2020 to improve national research activities on the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. To this end, 36 German Academic Medical Centers started to collaborate on 13 projects, with the largest being the National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON). The NAPKON's goal is creating the most comprehensive Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cohort in Germany.

Experiences of family caregivers 3-months after stroke: results of the prospective trans-regional network for stroke intervention with telemedicine registry (TRANSIT-Stroke).

Background: Long-term support of stroke patients living at home is often delivered by family caregivers (FC). We identified characteristics of stroke patients being associated with receiving care by a FC 3-months (3 M) after stroke, assessed positive and negative experiences and individual burden of FC caring for stroke patients and determined factors associated with caregiving experiences and burden of FC 3 M after stroke.

Methods: Data were collected within TRANSIT-Stroke, a regional telemedical stroke-network comprising 12 hospitals in Germany.

Feasibility of platelet marker analysis in ischemic stroke patients and their association with one-year outcome. A pilot project within a subsample of the Stroke Induced Cardiac Failure in Mice and Men (SICFAIL) cohort study.

Patients with ischemic stroke (IS) are at increased risk of mortality and recurrent cerebro- or cardiovascular events. Determining prognosis after IS remains challenging but blood-based biomarkers might provide additional prognostic information. As platelets are crucially involved in the pathophysiology of vascular diseases, platelet surface proteins (PSP) are promising candidates as prognostic markers in the hyperacute stage.

Stroke Angel: Effect of Telemedical Prenotification on In-Hospital Delays and Systemic Thrombolysis in Acute Stroke Patients.

Introduction: Door-to-CT scan time (DCT) and door-to-needle time (DNT) are important process measures in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We examined the impact of a telemedical prenotification by emergency medical service (EMS) (called the "Stroke Angel" program) on DCT and DNT and IVT rate compared to standard of care.

Patients And Methods: Two prospective observational studies including AIS patients admitted via EMS from 2011 to 2013 (cohort I; n = 496) and from January 1, 2015 to May 31, 2018 (cohort II; n = 349) were conducted.

Anomalous vortex liquid in charge-ordered cuprate superconductors.

The interplay between charge order and d-wave superconductivity in high-[Formula: see text] cuprates remains an open question. While mounting evidence from spectroscopic probes indicates that charge order competes with superconductivity, to date little is known about the impact of charge order on charge transport in the mixed state, when vortices are present. Here we study the low-temperature electrical resistivity of three distinctly different cuprate families under intense magnetic fields, over a broad range of hole doping and current excitations.

Prevalence and determinants of systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction and heart failure in acute ischemic stroke patients: The SICFAIL study.

Aims: Ischaemic stroke (IS) might induce alterations of cardiac function. Prospective data on frequency of cardiac dysfunction and heart failure (HF) after IS are lacking. We assessed prevalence and determinants of diastolic dysfunction (DD), systolic dysfunction (SD), and HF in patients with acute IS.

A Self-administered Version of the Functioning Assessment Short Test for Use in Population-based Studies: A Pilot Study.

Background: The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) is an interviewer-administered scale assessing functional impairment originally developed for psychiatric patients.

Objectives: To adapt the FAST for the general population, we developed a self-administered version of the scale and assessed its properties in a pilot study.

Methods: The original FAST scale was translated into German forward and backward translation.

Tuning the Structural and Optoelectronic Properties of Cs AgBiBr Double-Perovskite Single Crystals through Alkali-Metal Substitution.

Lead-free double perovskites have great potential as stable and nontoxic optoelectronic materials. Recently, Cs AgBiBr has emerged as a promising material, with suboptimal photon-to-charge carrier conversion efficiency, yet well suited for high-energy photon-detection applications. Here, the optoelectronic and structural properties of pure Cs AgBiBr and alkali-metal-substituted (Cs Y ) AgBiBr (Y: Rb , K , Na ; x = 0.

[Development of a German telephone version of the IQCODE (The Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly) within a cohort of relatives of ischemic stroke patients].

Objectives: To date, no validated long or short telephone version of the German "Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly" (IQCODE) exists for determining cognitive changes over a period of 10 years by interviewing relatives.

Method: Sixty relatives of 60 ischemic stroke patients were interviewed both face-to-face and by phone with the 26-item German IQCODE version in randomized order. Inter-method reliability was calculated as between-method agreement and quantified by a weighted kappa with Fleiss-Cohen weights.

Oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation and acute ischaemic stroke: design and baseline data of the prospective multicentre Berlin Atrial Fibrillation Registry.

Aims: The Berlin Atrial Fibrillation Registry was designed to analyse oral anticoagulation (OAC) prescription in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute ischaemic stroke.

Methods And Results: This investigator-initiated prospective multicentre registry enrolled patients at all 16 stroke units located in Berlin, Germany. The ongoing telephone follow-up is conducted centrally and will cover 5 years per patient.

Negative Thermal Expansion in the Plateau State of a Magnetically Frustrated Spinel.

We report on negative thermal expansion (NTE) in the high-field, half-magnetization plateau phase of the frustrated magnetic insulator CdCr_{2}O_{4}. Using dilatometry, we precisely map the phase diagram at fields of up to 30 T and identify a strong NTE associated with the collinear half-magnetization plateau for B>27  T. The resulting phase diagram is compared with a microscopic theory for spin-lattice coupling, and the origin of the NTE is identified as a large negative change in magnetization with temperature, coming from a nearly localized band of spin excitations in the plateau phase.

[Clinical Effectiveness of "FlexiTeam" (Home Treatment and Intensive Outpatient Treatment) - Comparison of a Model Project According to § 64b in Berlin with Inpatient Treatment-as-Usual].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effectiveness of "Home Treatment" (HT) together with intensive outpatient treatment (IAB) in comparison to the usual psychiatric inpatient treatment.

Methods: In a retrospective controlled pre-post-study 83 patients receiving HT plus IAB were matched with 83 patients receiving inpatient treatment as usual. Routine data were compared with regard to length of stay and hospital readmission rate in a follow-up period of 6 and 12 months respectively.

Tracking Structural Phase Transitions in Lead-Halide Perovskites by Means of Thermal Expansion.

The extraordinary properties of lead-halide perovskite materials have spurred intense research, as they have a realistic perspective to play an important role in future photovoltaic devices. It is known that these materials undergo a number of structural phase transitions as a function of temperature that markedly alter their optical and electronic properties. The precise phase transition temperature and exact crystal structure in each phase, however, are controversially discussed in the literature.

Electron-Hole Tunneling Revealed by Quantum Oscillations in the Nodal-Line Semimetal HfSiS.

We report a study of quantum oscillations in the high-field magnetoresistance of the nodal-line semimetal HfSiS. In the presence of a magnetic field up to 31 T parallel to the c axis, we observe quantum oscillations originating both from orbits of individual electron and hole pockets, and from magnetic breakdown between these pockets. In particular, we reveal a breakdown orbit enclosing one electron and one hole pocket in the form of a "figure of eight," which is a manifestation of Klein tunneling in momentum space, although in a regime of partial transmission due to the finite separation between the pockets.

Decline in Regional Trends in Mortality of Stroke Subtypes in Germany From 1998 to 2015.

Background and Purpose- Data on recent time trends in stroke mortality by subtypes and regions are lacking for Germany. We investigated sex- and age-standardized trends in stroke mortality in Germany for different stroke subtypes from 1998 to 2015 and assessed potential regional variations between the former Eastern and former Western part of Germany. Methods- Mortality and population data from the German Federal Statistical Office were used to calculate sex- and age-standardized mortality rates for hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and total strokes from 1998 to 2015 for all age groups.

Outcome after stroke attributable to baseline factors-The PROSpective Cohort with Incident Stroke (PROSCIS).

Background: The impact of risk factors on poor outcome after ischemic stroke is well known, but estimating the amount of poor outcome attributable to single factors is challenging in presence of multimorbidity. We aim to compare population attributable risk estimates obtained from different statistical approaches regarding their consistency. We use a real-life data set from the PROSCIS study to identify predictors for mortality and functional impairment one year after first-ever ischemic stroke and quantify their contribution to poor outcome using population attributable risks.