The effect of denosumab vs. zoledronic acid in preventing skeletal-related events, including pain-related bone metastasis: a systematic review.

Purpose: Skeletal-related events (SREs) are common complications of bone metastases that include the need for radiation or surgery to bone, pathological and radiological fractures, and hypercalcemia. Available data indicate that significant bone pain is associated with SREs, leading to an increased risk of death, higher medication costs, and reduced quality of life for patients. Bisphosphonate agents and denosumab are therapeutic options for preventing SREs in advanced cancer patients with bone metastases.

Neuroinflammation mechanism underlying neuropathic pain: the role of mesenchymal stem cell in neuroglia.

Pain is an essential aspect of the body's physiological response to unpleasant noxious stimuli from either external sustained injuries or an internal disease condition that occurs within the body. Generally, pain is temporary. However, in patients with neuropathic pain, the experienced pain is persistent and uncontrollable, with an unsatisfactory treatment effectiveness.

Global Insights on Prehospital Stroke Care: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges and Solutions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, and it disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which account for 88% of stroke fatalities. Prehospital stroke care delays are a crucial obstacle to successful treatment in these settings, especially given the limited therapeutic window for thrombolytic treatments, which may greatly improve recovery chances when initiated early after stroke onset. These delays are caused by a lack of public understanding of stroke symptoms, sociodemographic and cultural variables, and insufficient healthcare infrastructure.

Cervical-Level Regional Paraspinal Nerve Block in Cervical Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Regional paraspinal nerve block techniques have shown promise in cervical spine surgery pain relief and opioid reduction. The study aims to evaluate cervical-level regional paraspinal nerve block techniques in cervical spine surgery.

Methods: Systematic randomized controlled trial (RCT) searches in ScienceDirect, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane was conducted until March 2024.

Transarterial embolization in non-cavernous and cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas: A systematic review and meta-analysis of proportions.

Background: Transarterial embolization (TAE) is pivotal in managing non-cavernous and cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CSDAVFs).

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted across ScienceDirect, Medline, and Cochrane databases for longitudinal studies on TAE outcomes in non-CSDAVFs and CSDAVFs. Post-procedural outcomes, including complete, incomplete, and failed AVFs obliteration, and end-study outcomes were analyzed.

Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in managing neuropathic pain following spinal and non-spinal surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: While serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) offer promise in managing Post-surgical neuropathic pain (PSNP), uncertainties remain. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of SNRIs in managing PSNP.

Methods: Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to January 1st 2023 identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SNRIs to placebo for PSNP.

Risk of intracranial hemorrhage in brain arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) carry a risk of hemorrhage. We aim to identify factors associated with subsequent hemorrhages.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted across the ScienceDirect, Medline, and Cochrane databases.

Mechanical thrombectomy in M1 and M2 segments of middle cerebral arteries: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background: Recent studies indicate that endovascular therapy is superior to intravenous thrombolysis in treating M1 segment MCA occlusions, however, the effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy in MI vs. M2 segment occlusions is unclear.

Methods: The meta-analysis was conducted by searching databases from January 2016 to January 2023, without language constraints.

Modified ICH score was superior to original ICH score for assessment of 30-day mortality and good outcome of non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage.

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) score has been widely used as a consistent and reliable clinical grading scale for predicting mortality. However, ICH score had not been used to predict good outcome or significant disability for those who were alive. We intended to address whether any modifications would increase prediction accuracy for mortality as well as the extent of morbidity for those who survived.

Neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 infection in Asia: a systematic review.

Background: COVID-19 infection can show various manifestation, including neurologic manifestations, such as , , or , and causes the neurologic disorder such as stroke, Guillain-Barre syndrome, encephalopathy, and many more.

Aim: To briefly review neurologic manifestation in COVID-19 infection in the Asia region (South East Asia and the Western Pacific Region).

Material And Methods: This review uses the PRISMA statement and checklist.

Pain as clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection and its management in the pandemic era: a literature review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a current global pandemic. The case number has increased since December 31, 2019. It has been reported that COVID-19 patients have been giving pain complaints, one of which is muscular pain.

Pain related viral infections: a literature review.

Pain is a common health problem all around the world. The pain symptoms are various depending on the underlying disease or the direct cause of pain itself. Viral infection could cause arthralgia or acute-onset arthritis, moreover in pandemic era of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Alveolar Bone Osteoclast Profile in the Periodontitis Wistar Rats Model with the Snail Slime (Achatina Fulica) Application.

Background: Bone damage is a result of periodontal disease that occurs due to changes in osteoclast and osteoblast activity in response to local inflammation. The bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans produces Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which can increase osteoclast activity.

Aim: This study aimed to analyse the decrease in alveolar bone osteoclasts in periodontitis rats' model with the application of snail slime.

Cerebellar Cryptococcal Abscess in HIV-Negative Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Cryptococcus is a common cause of opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients. While the incidence of this disease has decreased in AIDS-associated cases, cryptococcal infection in immune-competent person has been increased.

Case Presentation: We report a case of cryptococcosis and literature review of pathogenesis and clinical aspects of cryptococcal central nervous system infection.

Antibacterial Activity of Earthworm Extract Against as the Bacterial Cause of Periodontitis.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of earthworms through inhibitory zone diameter to the growth of the bacterium as the cause of periodontitis.

Methods: This was an experimental study with randomised posttest-only control group design. The study was conducted at the Microbiology Research Center laboratory at the Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Indonesia.

Comparison of Mean VEGF-A Expression Between Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients and Non-Ischemic Stroke Subjects.

Background: Glucose and oxygen supply to neurons are disrupted during acute ischemic stroke, resulting in hypoxia. This event, in turn, activates the transcription of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1), which is responsible for activating genes responsible for angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF and their receptor systems exert complex mechanisms of angiogenesis, including the stimulator, inhibitors, angiogenic and modulator.

Chronic Osteomyelitis after Seven Years Neglected Bone Exposed in 12-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report.

Background: Access to modern medicine is still limited in some rural areas in Indonesia. This is mostly due to lack of people's knowledge and concern for their health, especially in orthopaedic cases. Osteomyelitis is generally described as infection and inflammation of the bone, which results in local bone destruction, necrosis, and apposition of new bone.

Single - Door Cervical Laminoplasty Using Basket Laminoplasty Device: A Case Report.

Background: The management of the cervical canal stenosis as a result of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is still evolving. Anterior and posterior approaches are still much in demand by the surgeons. In Japan, a posterior approach is more well-known to be used as the case OPLL is often on the populace.

High Serum Lead Levels Increase the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment of Public Fueling Station Operators.

Background: Air pollution due to lead contained in motor vehicle fuel is inhaled for a long period causing cognitive impairment. Cognitive disorders in general fuel station operators are found in developing countries as a negative impact of environmental pollution.

Aim: This study aims to find out that high levels of lead in the blood increase the risk of cognitive impairment in operators of Public Fuel Filling Stations.

Instrumental Balinese Flute Music Therapy Improves Cognitive Function and Serum Dopamine Level in the Elderly Population of West Denpasar Primary Health Care Center.

Background: Musical artwork using Balinese flutes made from bamboo (timing buluh) by Agus Teja Sentosa, S.Sn is a combination of music played with flute as the main instrument which contains certain components resembling music therapy such as in western classical music by Antonio Lucio Vivaldi.

Aim: This study aims to determine the improvement of cognitive function and increase in serum dopamine in the elderly after listening to music with Balinese flute as the main instrument.

S100B Serum Level as a Mortality Predictor for Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: The pathogenesis of inflammatory neuronal cell damage will continue after traumatic brain injury in which contributed to subsequent mortality. Serum S100B levels were shown to be an early predictor of mortality due to traumatic brain injury.

Aim: This Meta-Analysis will analyse the mean and diagnostic strength of serum S100B levels between survived and died subjects with head injuries based on the various follow-up times of nine studies.

Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein And Interleukin-6 Plasma As Risk Factors For Symptomatic Lumbar Osteoarthritis In Postmenopausal Women.

Aim: To determine whether elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as risk factors of symptomatic lumbar osteoarthritis (OA) in estrogen deficiency postmenopausal women.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted between January and June 2017. The inclusion criteria include post-menopausal women with estrogen deficiency with low back pain.

Association between Increased Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) Levels with Hyperglycaemia Incidence in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Background: Hyperglycemia is common in acute stroke patients. Hyperglycemia can induce the production of reactive oxygen species, causing increased activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).

Aim: This study aimed to determine an association between the increased levels of MMP-9 and the incidence of hyperglycemia in acute ischemic stroke patients.

The Comparison of Simple Anthropometric and Biochemical Parameters for Predicting Liver Steatosis in Obese Balinese Young Women.

Background: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing globally. Early identification of liver steatosis (LS) status is critical to prevent the development of NAFLD into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) fibrosis.

Aim: This study aimed at exploring the validity of simple anthropometric and biochemical parameters to predict LS in young obese women.

High Il-1β Serum as a Predictor of Decreased Cognitive Function in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) exerts a significant impact on society with regards to physical, affective, and cognitive impairment. The consequent cognitive sequelae include a problem in memory, attention, concentration, and processing speed. Following traumatic brain injury, inflammatory response developed, characterised by increased interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) levels in the blood.