Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality on Patient Anxiety During Surgery Under Regional Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Surgery and anesthesia are associated with increased patient anxiety. Perioperative anxiety is a common problem in regional anesthesia procedures and has an extensive impact. Immersive virtual reality (IVR) is a potential non-pharmacological distraction method to reduce anxiety.

Difference in GFAP Levels in POCD and Non-POCD Patients After on Pump CABG.

Introduction: On-pump, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common cause of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after cardiac surgery. Previous studies showed that the incidence of POCD after cardiac surgery was 60%, higher than non-cardiac surgery with 11.7%.

An Association Between C-Reactive Protein Levels and the Occurrence of Cognitive Dysfunction After Heart Valve Replacement.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is defined as cognitive dysfunction related to inflammation after surgical procedures, which is common following cardiac surgery. Cognitive deficits are thought to result from a systemic inflammatory response. C-reactive protein (CRP) and other proinflammatory cytokines, which are released in response to inflammation, disrupt the blood-brain barrier and neurotransmission, resulting in POCD.