Novel bilateral symmetrical congenital transverse upper and lower limb deficiencies in siblings in Ethiopia: two case reports.

Background: Transverse congenital limb deficiency is a common limb deficiency where there is normal limb development until a certain point, beyond which no anatomical structure exists. Typically, this presents as an isolated and spontaneous abnormality as a result of arrest during limb bud development. Transverse bilateral deficiency in both upper and lower limbs is not well described.

The role of contextual information in a virtual trolly problem: A psychophysiological investigation.

Trolley problems have persisted as a popular method to examine moral decision-making in the face of many criticisms. One such criticism is that thought experiments provide unrealistically abundant contextual information, leading to mental simulation. Recent work utilizing virtual reality technology has reduced contextual information with mixed results.

Game Face expressions and performance on competitive tasks.

Facial expressions influence both affective and cardiovascular responses to stress. However, previous research focuses primarily on positive expressions and is limited regarding additional facial expressions utilized on a day-to-day basis. This study examined an expression that is colloquially called a "Game Face": which refers to a serious, focused or determined facial expression.

An international instant-messaging journal club: a modern, fun and global approach to a traditional teaching tool.

The aim of this study was to introduce a modern, engaging and easily accessible approach to medical education. A virtual journal club (VJC) was established for the orthopaedic trainees of Ethiopia using instant messaging via Viber. Group discussions included research articles, case reports and radiographs.

Clinical Pharmacist-Led Impact on Inappropriate Albumin Use and Costs in the Critically Ill.

Optimal albumin use in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains challenging with inappropriate use approaching 50%. No published reports have described clinical pharmacist impact aimed at mitigating inappropriate albumin use in the ICU. To evaluate the clinical and economic impact of a clinical pharmacist-led intervention strategy targeting inappropriate albumin in the ICU.

Should pre-manipulation radiographs be obtained in ankle fracture-dislocations?

Background: Should pre-manipulation radiographs be obtained in ankle fracture-dislocations? This question remains controversial. The twelfth British Orthopaedic Association Standard for Trauma (BOAST-12) published in August 2016 states that 'Reduction and splinting should be performed urgently for clinically deformed ankles. Radiographs should be obtained before reduction unless this will cause an unacceptable delay'.

Comparison of acute kidney injury risk associated with vancomycin and concomitant piperacillin/tazobactam or cefepime in the intensive care unit.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate AKI incidence with concomitant vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ) compared to vancomycin and cefepime (FEP) in critically ill patients.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective, cohort study was conducted in adult critically ill patients from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017. The primary aim was to compare the incidence of AKI during concomitant therapy or until hospital discharge.

EnLightenment: High resolution smartphone microscopy as an educational and public engagement platform.

We developed a simple, cost-effective smartphone microscopy platform for use in educational and public engagement programs. We demonstrated its effectiveness, and potential for citizen science through a national imaging initiative, . The cost effectiveness of the instrument allowed for the program to deliver over 500 microscopes to more than 100 secondary schools throughout Scotland, targeting 1000's of 12-14 year olds.

Does physical education influence eye-hand coordination? The Lifestyles of our Kids intervention study.

In Australian government-funded primary schools, the responsibility for physical education (PE) falls mainly on general classroom teachers, many of whom possess limited PE training. This study sought to examine the impact of specialist-taught PE on eye-hand coordination (EHC) development. In this 4-year cluster-randomized intervention, participants were 187 boys and 172 girls initially in grade 2 in 29 primary schools, where no school employed university-trained specialist PE teachers.

Optimal Interval for Success in Judo World-Ranking Competitions.

Purpose: To determine the optimal interval between competitions for success in the different events of the judo world tour.

Methods: A total of 20,916 female and 29,900 male competition participations in the judo world-tour competitions held between January 2009 and December 2015 were analyzed, considering the dependent variable, winning a medal, and the independent variables, levels of competition.

Results: There was an increased probability of winning a medal when the interval was in the 10- to 13-wk range for both male and female athletes competing at Grand Prix, Continental-Championship, and World-Championship events, whereas for Grand Slam, only men had an increased probability of winning a medal in this interval range.

Physiological response of the cold-water coral Desmophyllum dianthus to thermal stress and ocean acidification.

Rising temperatures and ocean acidification driven by anthropogenic carbon emissions threaten both tropical and temperate corals. However, the synergistic effect of these stressors on coral physiology is still poorly understood, in particular for cold-water corals. This study assessed changes in key physiological parameters (calcification, respiration and ammonium excretion) of the widespread cold-water coral Desmophyllum dianthus maintained for ∼8 months at two temperatures (ambient 12 °C and elevated 15 °C) and two pCO2 conditions (ambient 390 ppm and elevated 750 ppm).

Hidden impacts of ocean acidification to live and dead coral framework.

Cold-water corals, such as Lophelia pertusa, are key habitat-forming organisms found throughout the world's oceans to 3000 m deep. The complex three-dimensional framework made by these vulnerable marine ecosystems support high biodiversity and commercially important species. Given their importance, a key question is how both the living and the dead framework will fare under projected climate change.

The investigation and management of suspected malignant pathological fractures: a review for the general orthopaedic surgeon.

The management of malignant pathological fractures necessitates careful diagnostic work-up, pre-operative investigation, planning and multidisciplinary input from specialists in the fields of radiology, pathology, oncology, trauma and orthopaedics. Malignant and non-malignant conditions including metabolic disorders, benign tumours and pharmacological therapies can be implicated. The majority of patients who present with suspected pathological fractures will be managed by general orthopaedic and trauma surgeons rather than specialists in orthopaedic oncology.

Longitudinal patterns of change in eye-hand coordination in children aged 8-16 years.

Enhanced eye-hand coordination (EHC) is associated with greater participation in physical activity. No longitudinal studies have examined the change in throw-catch EHC from childhood to mid-adolescence. We investigated the development of EHC with an object control test from childhood to mid-adolescence in boys and girls.

Impact of a clinical pharmacist stress ulcer prophylaxis management program on inappropriate use in hospitalized patients.

Purpose: Appropriate utilization of stress ulcer prophylaxis should be limited to high-risk, intensive care unit (ICU) patients. However, inappropriate stress ulcer prophylaxis use among all hospitalized patients remains a concern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of a novel pharmacist-managed stress ulcer prophylaxis program in ICU and general ward patients.

Fine-scale nutrient and carbonate system dynamics around cold-water coral reefs in the northeast Atlantic.

Ocean acidification has been suggested as a serious threat to the future existence of cold-water corals (CWC). However, there are few fine-scale temporal and spatial datasets of carbonate and nutrients conditions available for these reefs, which can provide a baseline definition of extant conditions. Here we provide observational data from four different sites in the northeast Atlantic that are known habitats for CWC.

Client satisfaction and weight loss outcomes of student centred dietetic outpatient clinics.

Aim: Evaluation of health care services and providers is essential in determining effectiveness and quality. The aim of this study was to assess the client satisfaction and weight loss outcomes of student focussed dietetic outpatient weight loss clinics.

Methods: The outpatient clinics were conducted by the University as part of student education.

Does human immunodeficiency virus status affect early wound healing in open surgically stabilised tibial fractures?: A prospective study.

We compared early post-operative rates of wound infection in HIV-positive and -negative patients presenting with open tibial fractures managed with surgical fixation. The wounds of 84 patients (85 fractures), 28 of whom were HIV positive and 56 were HIV negative, were assessed for signs of infection using the ASEPIS wound score. There were 19 women and 65 men with a mean age of 34.

Apparent lack of cross-reactivity for infusion-related reactions between two forms of lipid-based amphotericin B.

Purpose: The case of a patient who experienced probable infusion-related reactions to amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) but tolerated continued amphotericin B therapy after a switch to an alternative lipid-based formulation is reported.

Summary: A 28-year-old immunocompromised man with pneumonia, respiratory failure, and neutropenic fever was initiated on ABLC and other antibiotics for suspected invasive aspergillosis. Due to the patient's deteriorating renal function, the use of amphotericin B was deemed preferable to the standard therapy for invasive aspergillosis (voriconazole) even though he had experienced likely infusion-related reactions to ABLC on two prior occasions.

Combination therapy in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease without a cure, which can lead to right heart failure and death. Over the past decades, several therapeutic advances have been developed for the management of PAH. Although these agents have demonstrated clinical safety and efficacy, some patients may require additional drug therapy due to a lack of response or disease progression.

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ambrisentan.

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening and progressive disease characterized by increasing pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure and premature death. Current therapies target three major pathways involving endothelin, prostacyclin and NO. Ambrisentan is an oral, once daily, selective endothelin receptor antagonist.

The adolescent cancer experience: loss of control and benefit finding.

Developmental goals of adolescence include attaining confidence in independent decision making and a positive image of the self, others and surrounding world. A diagnosis of cancer during adolescence has the potential to impact on successful achievement of these goals. This study examined the 'adolescent cancer experience' from the perspective of young people.