Chromatographic authentication of botanical origin: Herbaceous pollen profiling with HPLC, HPTLC and GC-MS analysis.

This study describes a robust chromatographic authentication methodology for herbaceous pollen, employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance thin liquid chromatography (HPTLC) protocols. The comprehensive profiling of organic compounds not only distinguishes between different botanical sources but also establishes a reliable framework for quality control and assessment of herbaceous pollen authenticity. Traces of quercetin were detectable using HPTLC in Chaenomeles japonica, and the composition of the mobile phase led to distinct phenolic acid tracks in the extracts of free phenolic compounds.

Future direction of substrate-based catheter ablation in Brugada syndrome and other inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Inherited Primary Arrhythmias Syndromes (IPAS), especially Brugada syndrome (BrS), have been associated with arrhythmogenic substrates that can be targeted through ablation. This meta-analysis evaluated the outcomes of catheter ablation (CA) in different types of IPAS based on procedural guidance and location.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases to identify studies reporting on ventricular arrhythmia (VA) events before and after CA in IPAS, including BrS, Long-QT syndrome (LQTS), Early repolarization syndrome (ERS), and Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF).

Evaluation and Management of Chronic Cholestatic Liver Diseases.

Cholestasis is defined as stagnation or a marked reduction in bile secretion and flow. Cholestatic jaundice can thus be classified as intrahepatic or extrahepatic cholestatic, depending on the level of obstruction to bile flow. It is important to recognize the complications of cholestatic in patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease.

Efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim Of The Study: Patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) have no recognizable clinical symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), but the mild cognitive and psychomotor deficits have been shown to negatively affect their daily functioning and quality of life. Treatment with probiotics has shown benefit in some clinical trials. This review aimed to systematically analyze the efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of MHE.

Diabetes and fatty liver: Involvement of incretin and its benefit for fatty liver management.

Fatty liver disease is defined as liver condition characterized by hepatic steatosis, closely related to pathological conditions in type 2 diabetes and obesity. The high prevalence of fatty liver disease in obese patients with type 2 diabetes reached 70%, reflecting the importance of these conditions with fatty liver. Although the exact pathological mechanism of fatty liver disease, specifically non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains not completely revealed, insulin resistance is suggested as the major mechanism that bridged the development of NAFLD.

Serum pepsinogen level as a biomarker for atrophy, reflux esophagitis, and gastric cancer screening in Indonesia.

Background: Chronic dyspepsia's symptoms are frequently seen in primary to tertiary healthcare in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the potential usability of pepsinogen (PG) values in determining gastric mucosal conditions, including superficial gastritis and atrophic gastritis.

Materials And Methods: We recruited 646 adult dyspeptic patients and then analyzed PG values (including PGI, PGII, and PGI/II ratio) with endoscopic findings, gastric mucosal damages, and infection.

Hepatitis C Seroconversion Remains High among Patients with Regular Hemodialysis: Study of Associated Risk Factors.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study involving patients from 2 dialysis units (1 referral hospital and 1 private dialysis unit) in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, from January 2020 to December 2021. We evaluated age, gender, duration of hemodialysis, vascular access, history of transfusion, history of surgery, diabetes mellitus, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and type of dialyzer as possible risk factors of hepatitis C seroconversion among hemodialysis patients.

Results: A total of 338 hemodialysis patients were enrolled in this study.

Therapeutic target and clinical impact of day-to-day blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients with covid-19.

Blood pressure variability (BPV) is essential in hypertensive patients and is frequently associated with organ damage. As of today, hypertension is still the most common comorbidity in COVID-19, but the impact of BPV and the therapeutic target of BPV on outcomes in COVID-19 patients with hypertension remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between BPV and severity of COVID-19, in-hospital mortality, hypertensive status, and efficacy of antihypertensives in suppressing hypertensive covid-19 patient BPV.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile by Metagenomic and Metatranscriptomic Approach in Clinical Practice: Opportunity and Challenge.

The burden of bacterial resistance to antibiotics affects several key sectors in the world, including healthcare, the government, and the economic sector. Resistant bacterial infection is associated with prolonged hospital stays, direct costs, and costs due to loss of productivity, which will cause policy makers to adjust their policies. Current widely performed procedures for the identification of antibiotic-resistant bacteria rely on culture-based methodology.

Additional treatment of vitamin D for improvement of insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Insulin resistance provides an important role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several studies already evaluate vitamin D supplementation for NAFLD patients in relation to insulin resistance. The results obtained still carry conflicting results.

Massive hemobilia caused by rupture of gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm, a delayed complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report.

Background: Hemobilia is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that originates from the biliary tract. It is infrequently considered in diagnosis, especially in the absence of abdominal trauma or history of hepatopancreatobiliary procedure, such as cholecystectomy, which can cause arterial pseudoaneurysm. Prompt diagnosis is crucial because its management strategy is distinct from other types of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Polymorphisms in Indonesia: Comparison among Ethnicities and the Association with Clinical Outcomes.

polymorphisms are important factors for proton pump inhibitor-based therapy. We examined the genotypes and analyzed the distribution among ethnicities and clinical outcomes in Indonesia. We employed the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method to determine the genotypes and evaluated inflammation severity with the updated Sydney system.

Proton pump inhibitor on susceptibility to COVID-19 and its severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The negative impacts of proton pump inhibitor (PPI), including the risk of pneumonia and mortality, have been reported previously. This meta-analysis aimed to address the current interest of whether the administration of PPI could increase the susceptibility and risk of poor outcome in COVID-19.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search from PubMed, Embase, EBSCOhost, and EuropePMC databases up until 3 December 2020.

Analysis of risks of gastric cancer by gastric mucosa among Indonesian ethnic groups.

Indonesia is a big country with multiethnic populations whose gastric cancer risks have not been elucidated. We performed a nationwide survey and obtained histological specimens from 1053 individuals in 19 cities across the country. We examined the gastric mucosa, the topography, the atrophic gastritis risk factors, and the gastric cancer risk scores.

Alternative eradication regimens for infection in Indonesian regions with high metronidazole and levofloxacin resistance.

Background: The prevalence of resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin is high in Indonesia. Moreover, the increasing levofloxacin resistance rates in the absence of bismuth treatment in Indonesia has led to the use of other antibiotics as alternative regimens.

Methods: We determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of five alternative antibiotics for (rifaximin, rifabutin, furazolidone, garenoxacin, and sitafloxacin) using the agar dilution method and assessed mutations associated with antibiotic resistance using next-generation sequencing.

The identification and characterization of novel rat hepatitis E virus strains in Bali and Sumbawa, Indonesia.

All three genetic groups of ratHEV have been found in Indonesia, suggesting the presence of additional variants of ratHEV in unexamined areas of Indonesia. A total of 242 wild rats were captured in Bali and Sumbawa, Indonesia, during 2014-2016. Among them, 4.

Gastric mucosal status in populations with a low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Indonesia.

In Indonesia, endoscopy services are limited and studies about gastric mucosal status by using pepsinogens (PGs) are rare. We measured PG levels, and calculated the best cutoff and predictive values for discriminating gastric mucosal status among ethnic groups in Indonesia. We collected gastric biopsy specimens and sera from 233 patients with dyspepsia living in three Indonesian islands.

Surveillance of Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Susceptibility in Indonesia: Different Resistance Types among Regions and with Novel Genetic Mutations.

Information regarding Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in Indonesia was previously inadequate. We assessed antibiotic susceptibility for H. pylori in Indonesia, and determined the association between virulence genes or genetic mutations and antibiotic resistance.

Obstructive Jaundice as a Complication of Macrocystic Serous Cystadenoma of the Pancreas.

Macrocystic serous cystadenoma is an unusual and essentially benign pancreatic tumor. Herein, we report on a 40-year-old woman diagnosed with macrocystic serous cystadenoma who presented with obstructive jaundice. A cystic lesion in the head and body of the pancreas was revealed by abdominal computed tomography.

Interleukin-28B polymorphisms and response of chronic hepatitis C patients from Indonesia to pegylated interferon/ribavirin treatment.

This study demonstrated that Indonesian patients with chronic hepatitis C (mostly ethnic Java people) mostly were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1; however, they carried mainly the major genotypes of interleukin 28B (IL-28B) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs12979860 CC, rs11881222 TT, rs8103142 AA, and rs8099917 TT), and they mostly achieved sustained virological responses to pegylated interferon/ribavirin treatment.

The complete genomes of subgenotype IA hepatitis A virus strains from four different islands in Indonesia form a phylogenetic cluster.

Despite the high endemicity of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Indonesia, genetic information on those HAV strains is limited. Serum samples obtained from 76 individuals during outbreaks of hepatitis A in Jember (East Java) in 2006 and Tangerang (West Java) in 2007 and those from 82 patients with acute hepatitis in Solo (Central Java), Denpasar on Bali Island, Mataram on Lombok Island, and Makassar on Sulawesi Island in 2003 or 2007 were tested for the presence of HAV RNA by reverse transcription PCR with primers targeting the VP1-2B region (481 nucleotides, primer sequences at both ends excluded). Overall, 34 serum samples had detectable HAV RNA, including at least one viremic sample from each of the six regions.

Albumin infusion in liver cirrhotic patients.

Albumin infusions have been used for many years in the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis in an attempt to reduce the formation of ascites, to improve circulatory and renal function, or in SBP patients. While some of these indications for albumin infusions are supported by the results of randomised studies, others are based on clinical experience and have not been proved in prospective investigations. Therefore, the use of albumin infusions in patients with cirrhosis is still controversial.

Malignant mesenterial mesothelioma in stroke patients.

Mesothel is the cell lining of serosal surface of the pleura, peritoneum, pericardium, and testis. Malignant mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor from mesothel that has a tendency to grow rapidly and invade locally. Although the incidence of malignant mesenterial mesothelioma is not so high, the case fatality rate is very high.

Identification of genotype 4 hepatitis E virus strains from a patient with acute hepatitis E and farm pigs in Bali, Indonesia.

A previous study revealed that antibodies to hepatitis E virus (HEV) (anti-HEV) are highly prevalent among healthy individuals and farm pigs in Bali, Indonesia, and suggested that HEV infection may occur via zoonosis among Balinese people. However, there were no reports of acute hepatitis E in Bali. To elucidate whether Balinese HEV strains recovered from infected humans and pigs have significant sequence similarity, serum samples obtained from 57 patients (age, mean +/- standard deviation, 31.

The relationship between a model of end stage liver disease score (MELD score) and the occurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhotic patients.

Aim: To determine relationship between MELD score and the occurrence of SBP, prevalence of SBP, pattern of bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility of causative bacteria of liver cirrhotic patients at Sanglah Hospital.

Methods: Study design was a cross-sectional analytic study. The population in this study consists of liver cirrhotic patients admitted at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar from June 2005 to February 2006.