MicroRNA regulation of the serine synthesis pathway in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells.

Despite the successful combination of therapies improving survival of estrogen receptor α (ER+) breast cancer patients with metastatic disease, mechanisms for acquired endocrine resistance remain to be fully elucidated. The RNA binding protein HNRNPA2B1 (A2B1), a reader of N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) in transcribed RNA, is upregulated in endocrine-resistant, ER+ LCC9 and LY2 cells compared to parental MCF-7 endocrine-sensitive luminal A breast cancer cells. The miRNA-seq transcriptome of MCF-7 cells overexpressing A2B1 identified the serine metabolic processes pathway.

Effect of encouraging awareness of reduced fetal movement and subsequent clinical management on pregnancy outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Reduced fetal movement, defined as a decrease in the frequency or strength of fetal movements as perceived by the mother, is a common reason for presentation to maternity care. Observational studies have demonstrated an association between reduced fetal movement and stillbirth and fetal growth restriction related to placental insufficiency. However, individual intervention studies have described varying results.

30-year record of Himalaya mass-wasting reveals landscape perturbations by extreme events.

In mountainous environments, quantifying the drivers of mass-wasting is fundamental for understanding landscape evolution and improving hazard management. Here, we quantify the magnitudes of mass-wasting caused by the Asia Summer Monsoon, extreme rainfall, and earthquakes in the Nepal Himalaya. Using a newly compiled 30-year mass-wasting inventory, we establish empirical relationships between monsoon-triggered mass-wasting and monsoon precipitation, before quantifying how other mass-wasting drivers perturb this relationship.

Prediction of coffee aroma from single roasted coffee beans by hyperspectral imaging.

Coffee aroma is critical for consumer liking and enables price differentiation of coffee. This study applied hyperspectral imaging (1000-2500 nm) to predict volatile compounds in single roasted coffee beans, as measured by Solid Phase Micro Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry. Partial least square (PLS) regression models were built for individual volatile compounds and chemical classes.

Reconstruction Technique for Defects of the Cutaneous and Mucosal Lip: V-to-flying-Y Closure.

Repair of a surgical defect following Mohs micrographic surgery can be particularly challenging when it involves free margins of the face. Lip reconstruction falls under this category, requiring careful planning of the repair to avoid not only aesthetic but also functional complications of the oral aperture. Our technique, termed V-to-flying-Y closure, allows for an aesthetically pleasing and functional outcome for repairs of surgical defects that involve both the cutaneous and mucosal lip.

Total lipid prediction in single intact cocoa beans by hyperspectral chemical imaging.

This work aimed to explore the possibility of predicting total fat content in whole dried cocoa beans at a single bean level using hyperspectral imaging (HSI). 170 beans randomly selected from 17 batches were individually analysed by HSI and by reference methodology for fat quantification. Both whole (i.

Adiposity and cardiovascular outcomes in three-year-old children of participants in UPBEAT, an RCT of a complex intervention in pregnant women with obesity.

Background: Maternal obesity is associated with offspring cardiometabolic risk. UPBEAT was a randomised controlled trial of an antenatal diet and physical activity intervention in 1555 women with obesity. The intervention was associated with lower gestational weight gain, healthier diet and metabolic profile in pregnancy, and reduced infant adiposity at six months.

An evidence-based theory of change for reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in reopened schools.

Schools have closed worldwide as part of measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission but are beginning to reopen in some countries. Various measures are being pursued to minimise transmission but existing guidance has not developed a comprehensive framework or theory of change. We present a framework informed by the occupational health hierarchy of control and a theory of change informed by realist approaches.

A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland.

In northern Iceland the European-North American plate boundary is broad and complex but includes a remarkable subaerial triple-junction intersection between the Husavik-Flatey Fault (HFF) dextral transform and rifting in the Northern Volcanic Zone. Fortuitously, the triple junction occurs in a sheet of ~12 ka pahoehoe lavas; a tabula rasa recording innumerable fault features displayed in exquisite detail. High-resolution drone imagery, coupled with 120 field measurements of fault slip directions and opening amounts, made possible the mapping and analysis of this detail and, importantly, enabled recognition and exclusion of potentially misleading primary deformation features associated with emplacement of the lavas.

Biochemical tests of placental function versus ultrasound assessment of fetal size for stillbirth and small-for-gestational-age infants.

Background: Stillbirth affects 2.6 million pregnancies worldwide each year. Whilst the majority of cases occur in low- and middle-income countries, stillbirth remains an important clinical issue for high-income countries (HICs) - with both the UK and the USA reporting rates above the mean for HICs.

Cervical cerclage, pessary, or vaginal progesterone in high-risk pregnant women with short cervix: a randomized feasibility study.

To assess feasibility for a definitive randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing three treatments for short cervix in a population at high risk for spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) over a 1-year period. Three arm, open label feasibility randomized clinical study. Women with singleton pregnancy with risk factors for sPTB (history of sPTB or prelabor premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) <34 weeks or significant cervical surgery), and short cervix on transvaginal ultrasound scan detected between 16 and 24 weeks gestation were randomized to receive either cervical cerclage, vaginal pessary, or vaginal progesterone 200 mg nocte.

Effects of Obesity on Warfarin Reversal With Vitamin K.

Phytonadione (vitamin K1, VK) is fat soluble and may be sequestered by adipose tissue, thus potentially altering drug distribution in obese patients requiring warfarin reversal. This single-center retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the effects of obesity (defined as body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m) on warfarin reversal following administration of VK in adult patients. The primary outcome was complete or partial warfarin reversal (defined as an international normalized ratio [INR] ≤ 2.

Persistent inaccuracies in completion of medical certificates of stillbirth: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The UK Medical Certificate of Stillbirth (MCS) records information relevant to the cause of stillbirth of infants ≥24 weeks' gestation. A cross-sectional audit demonstrated widespread inaccuracies in MCS completion in 2009 in North West England. A repeat study was conducted to assess whether practice had improved following introduction of a regional care pathway.

Relationships between Maternal Obesity and Maternal and Neonatal Iron Status.

Obesity in pregnancy may negatively influence maternal and infant iron status. The aim of this study was to examine the association of obesity with inflammatory and iron status in both mother and infant in two prospective studies in pregnancy: UPBEAT and SCOPE. Maternal blood samples from obese ( = 245, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) and normal weight ( = 245, BMI < 25 kg/m²) age matched pregnant women collected at approximately 15 weeks' gestation, and umbilical cord blood samples collected at delivery, were analysed for a range of inflammatory and iron status biomarkers.

Rapid prediction of single green coffee bean moisture and lipid content by hyperspectral imaging.

Hyperspectral imaging (1000-2500 nm) was used for rapid prediction of moisture and total lipid content in intact green coffee beans on a single bean basis. Arabica and Robusta samples from several growing locations were scanned using a "push-broom" system. Hypercubes were segmented to select single beans, and average spectra were measured for each bean.

Variability of single bean coffee volatile compounds of Arabica and robusta roasted coffees analysed by SPME-GC-MS.

We report on the analysis of volatile compounds by SPME-GC-MS for individual roasted coffee beans. The aim was to understand the relative abundance and variability of volatile compounds between individual roasted coffee beans at constant roasting conditions. Twenty-five batches of Arabica and robusta species were sampled from 13 countries, and 10 single coffee beans randomly selected from each batch were individually roasted in a fluidised-bed roaster at 210 °C for 3 min.

Hyperspectral imaging for non-destructive prediction of fermentation index, polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in single cocoa beans.

The aim of the current work was to use hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in the spectral range 1000-2500 nm to quantitatively predict fermentation index (FI), total polyphenols (TP) and antioxidant activity (AA) of individual dry fermented cocoa beans scanned on a single seed basis, in a non-destructive manner. Seventeen cocoa bean batches were obtained and 10 cocoa beans were used from each batch. PLS regression models were built on 170 samples.

Non-destructive analysis of sucrose, caffeine and trigonelline on single green coffee beans by hyperspectral imaging.

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a novel technology for the food sector that enables rapid non-contact analysis of food materials. HSI was applied for the first time to whole green coffee beans, at a single seed level, for quantitative prediction of sucrose, caffeine and trigonelline content. In addition, the intra-bean distribution of coffee constituents was analysed in Arabica and Robusta coffees on a large sample set from 12 countries, using a total of 260 samples.

Protein content prediction in single wheat kernels using hyperspectral imaging.

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combines Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and digital imaging to give information about the chemical properties of objects and their spatial distribution. Protein content is one of the most important quality factors in wheat. It is known to vary widely depending on the cultivar, agronomic and climatic conditions.

Utilization and prescribing patterns of direct oral anticoagulants.

Background: Scant literature exists evaluating utilization patterns for direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).

Objectives: The primary objective was to assess DOAC prescribing in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in outpatient clinics. Secondary objectives were to compare utilization between family medicine (FM) and internal medicine (IM) clinics, characterize potentially inappropriate use, and identify factors associated with adverse events (AEs).