Preventing eating pathology among elite adolescent ballet dancers: a pilot trial of the Athlete Body Project.

Adolescent ballet dancers are commonly recognized as aesthetic athletes who are at higher risk for body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, and eating disorders. Although athletic participation can generally protect against negative mental and physical health outcomes, idealization of a body ideal specific to ballet can confer unique vulnerability for eating pathology. Despite this known vulnerability, rigorous efforts to prevent eating pathology among young dancers are lacking.

Clinical Manifestations and Medical Imaging of Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Fetal Through Adulthood.

The aim of this paper is to describe the varying clinical and imaging manifestations of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) in the fetus, the child, and the adult. OI is a genetic disorder with mutation of Type 1 and non-type 1 collagen genes that results in disruption of multiple collagen based organ systems, most notably bones, often leading to "brittle bones". Additional features such as blue sclera, dentinogenesis imperfecta, joint and ligamentous hyperlaxity, hearing loss and cardiac defects may be present.

Developmental Improvement in Children With Intellectual Disability After Photorefractive Keratectomy for Severe Isoametropia.

Purpose: To assess the impact of refractive error correction from photorefractive keratectomy on development in children with severe isoametropia, subnormal visual acuity, and intellectual disability unable to use refraction correction.

Design: Prospective noncomparative interventional case series.

Methods: Before and after photorefractive keratometry (PRK), subjects who had plateaued developmentally for 18 or more months were assessed using a battery of developmental tests.

Laparoscopic versus open sacrocolpopexy for treatment of prolapse of the apical segment of the vagina: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse is showing an increasing prevalence (3 - 50%). The gold standard treatment of apical prolapse is sacrocolpopexy which can be performed via minimal access (laparoscopy or robotics) or open approaches. The aim of this review was to appraise the effectiveness of minimal access surgery versus the open approach in the treatment of apical prolapse.

Robotic versus laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for treatment of prolapse of the apical segment of the vagina: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Pelvic organ prolapse shows an increasing prevalence (3-50 %). The gold standard treatment for apical prolapse is sacrocolpopexy, which can be performed via minimal access (conventional laparoscopy or robotic surgery) or open sacrocolpopexy. The objective is to appraise the effectiveness and safety of robotic surgery compared with laparoscopic sacropexy in the treatment of apical prolapse.

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of standardized ragweed sublingual-liquid immunotherapy for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

Background: Sublingual immunotherapy with liquid extracts provides an appealing alternative to subcutaneous immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC), but a lack of robust evidence has deterred its use in North America.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of standardized glycerinated short ragweed sublingual allergen immunotherapy liquid (RW-SAIL) extract in subjects with ragweed-related ARC.

Methods: This phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in North America.

Ascites in the puerperium: a missed diagnosis of acute postpartum pancreatitis.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is often associated with severe morbidity. It is usually an antepartum problem occurring in late pregnancy. It rarely occurs in the postpartum period and when it does diagnosis can be difficult.

Validation of traction force indicator in ventouse devices.

Objective: To evaluate whether the traction force indicator in a ventouse device gave an accurate estimation of the force applied.

Methods: The study was carried out at the Derby City Hospital. An estimate of measurement errors was made by analyzing the standard deviation of the residuals for 30 Kiwi OmniCup devices (Clinical Innovations, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England) and a standard industrial spring balance.

Psychological outcome in women undergoing termination of pregnancy for ultrasound-detected fetal anomaly in the first and second trimesters: a pilot study.

Objective: To ascertain and compare psychological morbidity following first- and second-trimester termination for fetal anomaly.

Methods: This was a cohort study of 30 women aged 20-40 years in a north London teaching hospital, 14 of whom had had a first-trimester termination and 16 a second-trimester termination for fetal anomaly. The main outcome measures were questionnaire data (General Health Questionnaire-28, Beck Depression Inventory, Perinatal Grief Scale, Impact of Event Scale (IES)) at 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after termination.

Mismatch negativity: no difference between controls and abstinent alcoholics.

Background: A number of studies have examined the amplitude of the mismatch negativity (MMN) evoked potential as a measure of a brain inhibitory deficit in alcoholics or those at risk for alcoholism. The current study examined MMN in alcoholics abstinent an average of 6.7 years (with a minimum of six months abstinence) compared to controls.

Activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in severe hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation.

This study examines activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in the ileum during hemorrhage and resuscitation and determines if inhibition of PARP reduces organ dysfunction and metabolic acidosis. Awake, nonheparinized rats were hemorrhaged (40 mmHg, 60 min). Resuscitation used Ringer's solution (2 1/3 x shed volume) and packed red blood cells (2/3 shed volume).

Ultrasonographic markers for chromosomal abnormalities in women with negative nuchal translucency and second trimester maternal serum biochemistry.

Objective: To analyze the value of second trimester ultrasound examination among those women whose fetuses were indicated to be at low risk of chromosomal anomalies on the basis of both first trimester nuchal translucency measurement and second trimester biochemical screening.

Methods: A retrospective study of 5500 pregnancies carried out at the fetal medicine unit, Royal Free Hospital. During a period of over 3 years 5500 pregnancies underwent a first trimester scan and nuchal translucency measurement which enabled the detection of 62% (20 of 32) of all chromosomal anomalies.

The value of sonography in early pregnancy for the detection of fetal abnormalities in an unselected population.

Objective: To determine the value of early pregnancy sonography in detecting fetal abnormalities in an unselected obstetric population. DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study. All women initially underwent transabdominal sonography and when the anatomical survey was considered to be incomplete, transvaginal sonography was also performed (20.

The sonographic identification of fetal gender from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of correctly identifying fetal gender from 11 to 14 weeks' gestation.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study in a university Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London. A total of 524 women from an unselected population underwent a detailed assessment of fetal anatomy at 11-14 weeks of gestation (confirmed by crown-rump length) by means of transabdominal sonography, and transvaginal sonography (26%) when necessary.

The 'Mickey Mouse' sign and the diagnosis of anencephaly in early pregnancy.

Objectives: To assess the sonographic screening for anencephaly in the first trimester in a low-risk obstetric population.

Methods: Since 1994, 5388 women attended our clinic for a first-trimester scan (11-14 weeks of gestation) and screening for structural and chromosomal abnormalities. The patients underwent transabdominal scanning, and transvaginal scanning if necessary.

The significance of choroid plexus cysts, echogenic heart foci and renal pyelectasis in the first trimester.

Objective: To determine the significance of certain soft ultrasonographic markers for chromosomal abnormalities in the first trimester.

Design: This was a prospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London, UK.

The effect of fetal neck position on nuchal translucency measurement.

Objective: To determine the influence of the position of the fetal neck on nuchal translucency measurement.

Design: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Population: One hundred and ninety-six.

The optimal gestational age to examine fetal anatomy and measure nuchal translucency in the first trimester.

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal gestational age for examining fetal anatomy and nuchal translucency in the first trimester. In a prospective cross-sectional study, 1288 women from an unselected population underwent a detailed assessment of fetal anatomy at 10-14 weeks of gestation (confirmed by crown-rump length) with the use of transabdominal sonography and transvaginal sonography, when necessary. Visualization of fetal anatomy improved with increasing gestational age: 6, 75, 96, and 98% of cases could be visualized at 10, 11, 12 and 13 weeks of gestation, respectively, and was similarly high (98%) at 14 weeks.

First trimester sonographic detection of chromosomal abnormalities in an unselected population.

Objective: To investigate the role of first trimester sonography in detecting chromosomal abnormalities in an unselected obstetric population.

Methods: 2281 women (mean maternal age 30 years [range 16-47]; mean gestational age 12(+3) weeks [range 11-14]) underwent transabdominal scanning to assess fetal structure and, if anatomical survey was considered to be incomplete (31% of cases), transvaginal sonography was also performed. Measurement of nuchal translucency was included and karyotyping performed as considered appropriate.