Taking a strengths-based approach to mental health in rural communities: A systematic literature review.

Objectives: This review aimed to 1) identify existing rural strengths in the literature that proposed a relationship to mental health, 2) classify strengths into a socioecological framework, and 3) identify which strengths make a conceptual link to improved mental health.

Methods: Literature was systematically reviewed using online databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Scopus). Applicable original research studies that met the inclusion criteria, published (1990-2022) from Australia, Canada, and the United States were thematically analysed.

Service coverage for major depressive disorder: estimated rates of minimally adequate treatment for 204 countries and territories in 2021.

Background: Access to effective treatment for major depressive disorder remains limited and difficult to track across place and time. We analysed the available data on minimally adequate treatment (MAT) for major depressive disorder globally with the aim of providing a useful metric against which to monitor national responses to the growing public health burden imposed by major depressive disorder.

Methods: MAT was defined as pharmacotherapy (1 month of medication, plus four visits to a medical doctor) or psychotherapy (eight visits with any professional).

Policy implications of the 2020-22 Australian study of mental health and wellbeing.

The objective of this paper is to summarise the policy implications of key findings from the 2020-22 Australian National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHWB). We provide an analysis of policy implications of four papers in this issue of the journal from the 2020-22 NSMHWB ( = 15,893) and the 2007 NSMHWB ( = 8841). The 2020-2022 NSMHWB reported a lifetime prevalence rate of common mental disorders of 40.

Estimating levels of mental health service need by small geographic area: A case study for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults living in South East Queensland.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine regional variation in need for mental health care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (18+ years).

Methods: Three Australian Indigenous health surveys were analysed, and prevalence rates of high/very high psychological distress (as per the Kessler-5 tool) by the Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage were computed and combined via meta-analysis. These estimates were applied to census population data to estimate regional needs and summed to geographic planning regions.

Prevalence of adolescent mental disorders in Kenya, Indonesia, and Viet Nam measured by the National Adolescent Mental Health Surveys (NAMHS): a multi-national cross-sectional study.

Background: Mental disorders are the leading global cause of health burden among adolescents. However, prevalence data for mental disorders among adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries are scarce with often limited generalisability. This study aimed to generate nationally representative prevalence estimates for mental disorders in adolescents in Kenya, Indonesia, and Viet Nam.

Correlates of mental disorder and harmful substance use in an indigenous Australian urban sample: an analysis of data from the Queensland Urban Indigenous Mental Health Survey.

Purpose: Limited data exists on the relationship between sociodemographic and cultural variables and the prevalence of specific mental and substance use disorders (MSDs) among Indigenous Australians, using diagnostic prevalence data. This paper utilises data from the Queensland Urban Indigenous Mental Health Survey (QUIMHS), a population-level diagnostic mental health survey, to identify socioeconomic and cultural correlates of psychological distress and specific MSDs in an urban Indigenous Australian sample.

Methods: Using a mixture of household sampling (door-knocking) and snowball sampling (promotion of the survey in the community), 406 participants aged 18 to 89 were recruited across key locations in Southeast Queensland.

Using the National Mental Health Service Planning Framework to inform integrated regional planning: a case study in Tasmania, Australia.

Background: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the application of a needs-based mental health service planning model in Tasmania, Australia to identify indicative directions for future service development that ensure the equitable provision of mental health services across the State.

Methods: The activity and capacity of Tasmania's 2018-19 mental health services were compared to estimates of required care by: (1) generating estimates of required care using the National Mental Health Service Planning Framework (NMHSPF); (2) collating administrative mental health services data; (3) aligning administrative data to the NMHSPF; and (4) comparing aligned administrative data and NMHSPF estimates to identify priority areas for service development. Findings were contextualised using information about service location, population demographics, and upcoming service development.

Analysis of data items and gaps in Australia's national mental health services activity and capacity data collections for integrated regional service planning.

Services data are an important source of information for policymakers and planners. In Australia, significant work has been undertaken to develop and implement collections of mental health services data. Given this level of investment, it is important that collected data are fit for purpose.

Grading disorder severity and averted burden by access to treatment within the GBD framework: a case study with anxiety disorders.

Background: The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) estimates burden by cause with major relevance for resource allocators globally. Non-fatal burden estimates are influenced by disorder severity. However, for many disorders, global severity is sourced from a single high-income country survey.

Educational level and the risk of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm in different age-groups: A cohort study covering 1,6 million subjects in the Stockholm region.

Objective: To investigate the associations between low education and risk of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm in different age-groups.

Methods: All subjects in Stockholm born between 1931 and 1990 were linked to their own or their parent's highest education in 2000 and followed-up for these disorders in health care registers 2001-2016. Subjects were stratified into four age-groups: 10-18, 19-27, 28-50, and 51-70 years.

Diagnostic accuracy of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0) in an urban Indigenous Australian sample.

Objective: The Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 is a standardised diagnostic interview commonly used in population-based mental health surveys, but has not been used in community-residing Indigenous Australians. This paper seeks to determine whether the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.

The association between mental disorders and subsequent years of working life: a Danish population-based cohort study.

Background: Mental disorders can affect workforce participation via a range of mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to estimate the association between different types of mental disorders and working years lost, defined as the number of years not actively working or enrolled in an educational programme.

Methods: In this population-based cohort study, we included all people aged 18-65 years (mean 38·0 [SD 13·9]) in the Danish Civil Registration System from Jan 1, 1995 to Dec 31, 2016.

The contribution of general medical conditions to the non-fatal burden of mental disorders: register-based cohort study in Denmark.

Background: General medical conditions (GMCs) often co-occur with mental and substance use disorders (MSDs).

Aims: To explore the contribution of GMCs to the burden of disease in people with MSDs, and investigate how this varied by age.

Method: A population-based cohort of 6 988 507 persons living in Denmark during 2000-2015 followed for up to 16 years.

The cost of mental disorders in Denmark: a register-based study.

The aim of the study was to undertake a detailed analysis of healthcare cost, public transfer payments, and income loss associated with a broad range of mental disorders in Denmark. Based on all persons living in Denmark, we identified those with a hospital diagnosis of one of 18 types of mental disorders and 10 age- and sex-matched controls per case. For each mental disorder, the outcomes were nationwide totals, cost per case, and cost per capita, investigated by sex, age strata, and the number of years after diagnosis.

The global gap in treatment coverage for major depressive disorder in 84 countries from 2000-2019: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-regression analysis.

Background: The treatment coverage for major depressive disorder (MDD) is low in many parts of the world despite MDD being a major contributor to disability globally. Most existing reviews of MDD treatment coverage do not account for potential sources of study-level heterogeneity that contribute to variation in reported treatment rates. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the evidence and analytically quantify sources of heterogeneity to report updated estimates of MDD treatment coverage and gaps by location and treatment type between 2000 and 2019.

Measuring the Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Adolescents in Kenya, Indonesia, and Vietnam: Study Protocol for the National Adolescent Mental Health Surveys.

Purpose: In low- and middle-income countries, there are limited data on mental disorders among adolescents. To address this gap, the National Adolescent Mental Health Surveys (NAMHS) will provide nationally representative prevalence data of mental disorders among adolescents in Kenya, Indonesia, and Vietnam. This paper details the NAMHS study protocol.

The Productivity Commission inquiry into mental health.

The report of the Productivity Commission Inquiry into mental health was released in November 2020, estimating the economic cost of mental illness in Australia at over $200 billion a year. The report makes wide-ranging recommendations for improving the mental health of the population, reforming the mental health treatment system, and in the way mental health is managed in other sectors of society.

Register-based metrics of years lived with disability associated with mental and substance use disorders: a register-based cohort study in Denmark.

Background: Mental disorders account for a substantial proportion of the years lived with disability (YLDs) globally. These estimates have generally been calculated top down based on summary statistics. The aim for this study was to calculate YLDs and a novel related measure, Health Loss Proportion (HeLP), for 18 mental and substance use disorders, based on person-level register data (bottom up).