Disparities in Patient Demographics at a Student-Run Free Clinic: Comparing Clinic Utilization to City, State, and National Trends.

Background: With 8.4% of Americans uninsured, free clinics serve as essential safety nets for underserved populations. This study compared the demographics of the patients of a student-run free to Toledo, Ohio, and national census data to evaluate health needs, barriers to care, and the characteristics of the underserved population.

Global Epidemiology of Alcohol-Related Liver Disease, Liver Cancer, and Alcohol Use Disorder, 2000-2021.

Background/aims: Alcohol represents a leading burden of disease worldwide, including alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). We aim to assess the global burden of AUD, ALD, and alcohol-attributable primary liver cancer between 2000-2021.

Methods: We registered the global and regional trends of AUD, ALD, and alcohol-related liver cancer using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study, the largest and most up-to-date global epidemiology database.

Fetal growth restriction adversely impacts trajectory of hippocampal neurodevelopment and function.

The last pregnancy trimester is critical for fetal brain development but is a vulnerable period if the pregnancy is compromised by fetal growth restriction (FGR). The impact of FGR on the maturational development of neuronal morphology is not known, however, studies in fetal sheep allow longitudinal analysis in a long gestation species. Here we compared hippocampal neuron dendritogenesis in FGR and control fetal sheep at three timepoints equivalent to the third trimester of pregnancy, complemented by magnetic resonance image for brain volume, and electrophysiology for synaptic function.

The dual endothelin A and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist sparsentan (FILSPARI®) exhibits a safe nonclinical male fertility toxicity profile.

Marketed endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) have been associated with testicular tubular atrophy and decreases in male animal fertility in chronic toxicity studies in rats and dogs. Consistent with these findings, reduced sperm count has been observed in the clinical setting and is considered a potential class risk with chronic administration of ERAs. In contrast, no such effects on male animal fertility are noted with angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) treatment.

Discovery of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-specific small molecule targeting outer membrane protein OprH-LPS interaction by a multiplexed screen.

The surge of antimicrobial resistance threatens efficacy of current antibiotics, particularly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a highly resistant gram-negative pathogen. The asymmetric outer membrane (OM) of P. aeruginosa combined with its array of efflux pumps provide a barrier to xenobiotic accumulation, thus making antibiotic discovery challenging.

Outcomes for Younger Patients with Femoral Neck Fractures.

Background: There is a paucity of longer-term outcome data in younger adult patients who undergo fixation for an intracapsular hip fracture. The aims of this study were to evaluate the outcomes for young adult patients undergoing intracapsular hip fracture fixation and to assess factors associated with failure and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods: From 2008 to 2018, 112 consecutive patients ≤60 years of age (mean age, 48 years [range, 20 to 60 years]; 54% male) were retrospectively identified as having undergone fixation of an intracapsular hip fracture.

Real-time data processing for serial crystallography experiments.

We report the use of streaming data interfaces to perform fully online data processing for serial crystallography experiments, without storing intermediate data on disk. The system produces Bragg reflection intensity measurements suitable for scaling and merging, with a latency of less than 1 s per frame. Our system uses the CrystFEL software in combination with the ASAP::O data framework.

High-Temperature Polymorphism and Band-Gap Evolution in BaZrS.

Barium zirconium trisulfide (BZS) is a three-dimensional (3D) perovskite with optoelectronic properties suitable for photovoltaic (PV) and light-emitting diode (LED) applications that is conventionally reported in the orthorhombic (62) symmetry. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and Raman and absorption spectroscopy revealed three high-temperature polymorphs that appear when BZS is heated in air prior to complete oxidation (BaZrS + 5O → BaSO + ZrO + 2SO↑) at 700 °C with the approximate stability ranges: BaZrS IV (62)T < 400 °CBaZrS III (63)400 °C ≤ T ≤ 500 °CBaZrS II14/ (140)500 °C ≤ T ≤ 700 °CDifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed exothermic features accompanying the IV → III and III → II phase changes. Furthermore, the direct band gap varied inversely with temperature with distinct energies for each polymorph (1.

Photodegradable polyacrylamide tanglemers enable spatiotemporal control over chain lengthening in high-strength and low-hysteresis hydrogels.

Covalent hydrogel networks suffer from a stiffness-toughness conflict, where increased crosslinking density enhances the modulus of the material but also leads to embrittlement and diminished extensibility. Recently, strategies have been developed to form highly entangled hydrogels, colloquially referred to as tanglemers, by optimizing polymerization conditions to maximize the density and length of polymer chains and minimize the crosslinker concentration. It is challenging to assess entanglements in crosslinked networks beyond approximating their theoretical contribution to mechanical properties; thus, in this work, we synthesize and characterize polyacrylamide tanglemers using a photolabile crosslinker, which allows for direct assessment of covalent trapping of entanglements under tension.

The impact of cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease subtype on surgical and clinical outcomes after direct STA-MCA bypass surgery.

Objective: Although well-established in moyamoya disease (MMD), the role of direct superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass in non-MMD (N-MMD) cerebrovascular steno-occlusive syndromes remains controversial. Nonetheless, the recurrent stroke risk in patients with N-MMD, despite best medical management, remains exceedingly high-especially for those suffering from hypoperfusion-related ischemia. The study objective was to determine the relative safety and efficacy profiles of direct STA-MCA bypass surgery for MMD and N-MMD patients in a large contemporary cohort.

Molecular basis of FIGNL1 in dissociating RAD51 from DNA and chromatin.

Maintaining genome integrity is an essential and challenging process. RAD51 recombinase, the central player of several crucial processes in repairing DNA and protecting genome integrity, forms filaments on DNA, which are tightly regulated. One of these RAD51 regulators is FIGNL1, that prevents persistent RAD51 foci without or after DNA damage and genotoxic chromatin association in cells.

Cuboidal Deformation of Multimaterial Composites Prepared by 3-D Printing of Liquid Crystalline Elastomers.

Multimaterial 3-D printing (3DP) of isotropic (IsoE) and liquid crystalline elastomers (LCE) yields spatially programmed elements that undergo a cuboidal shape transformation upon heating. The thermomechanical deformation of 3DP elements is determined by the geometry and extent of the isotropic and anisotropic regions. The synthesis and experimental characterization of the 3DP elements are complemented by finite element analysis (FEA).

Endangered Pinto/Northern Abalone () are Panmictic Across Their 3700 km Range Along the Pacific Coast of North America.

Connectivity is integral to the dynamics of metapopulations through dispersal and gene flow, and understanding these processes is essential for guiding conservation efforts. Abalone, broadcast-spawning marine snails associated with shallow rocky habitats, have experienced widespread declines, and all seven North American species are threatened. We investigated the connectivity and population genomics of pinto/northern abalone (), the widest-ranging of abalone species.

Effects of Responsiveness and Responsibility Parenting Factors on Family Mealtime Outcomes in Overweight African American Adolescents.

Background/objectives: Family meals have been shown to be an important protective factor for positive health outcomes. This study assessed the associations of parenting factors with family mealtime among overweight African American adolescents over a period of 4 months. It was hypothesized that increases in warm and responsive parenting (parental responsiveness, parental responsibility) would be associated with increased frequency and quality of family mealtimes, while more demanding and controlling parenting (parental demandingness, parental monitoring) would be associated with a reduced frequency and quality of family mealtimes over time.

Exiguolysin, a Novel Thermolysin (M4) Peptidase from .

This study details a comprehensive biochemical and structural characterization of exiguolysin, a novel thermolysin-like, caseinolytic peptidase secreted by a marine isolate of strain BW26. Exiguolysin demonstrated optimal proteolytic activity at 37 °C and pH 3, retaining 85% activity at 50 °C, highlighting its potential stability under broad reaction conditions. SDS-PAGE and LC-MS analysis identified the enzyme as a 32 kDa M4-family metalloprotease.

Ship collision risk threatens whales across the world's oceans.

After the near-complete cessation of commercial whaling, ship collisions have emerged as a primary threat to large whales, but knowledge of collision risk is lacking across most of the world's oceans. We compiled a dataset of 435,000 whale locations to generate global distribution models for four globally ranging species. We then combined >35 billion positions from 176,000 ships to produce a global estimate of whale-ship collision risk.

Senescence Biomarkers and Trajectories of Frailty and Physical Function After Kidney Transplantation.

Cellular senescence is a biological mechanism of aging and age-related diseases. The aim of this study was to examine whether senescence biomarkers are associated with frailty and physical function trajectories in patients undergoing kidney transplantation (KT). We also discussed the relationship between senescence biomarkers and KT function.

Cadence as a Behavioral Target in Physical Activity Interventions: A Narrative Review.

Behavioral interventions targeting moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) to ensure health benefits can be strengthened by a simple metric that helps adults understand if they are exercising at the target intensity. Laboratory studies have established that a cadence of 100 steps/min is equivalent to MVPA, but intervention application is largely unexplored. The aim of this narrative review was to describe how cadence has been implemented in behavioral interventions.