Factors influencing equine veterinarians' job satisfaction and retention: A focus group study.

Background: There is a shortage of equine veterinarians. Understanding what factors are associated with job satisfaction in equine veterinarians can inform interventions to increase retention in equine medicine.

Objective: To explore the prominent factors causing work dissatisfaction and burnout in equine veterinarians.

Postpartum Remote Health Coaching Intervention for Individuals With a Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy: Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in America. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) negatively impact acute and long-term cardiovascular health, with approximately 16% of all pregnancies affected. With CVD 2-4 times more likely after HDP compared to normotensive pregnancies, effective interventions to promote cardiovascular health are imperative.

Early pregnancy health behaviors, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and maternal blood pressure after pregnancy.

Background: Individual health behaviors are associated with pregnancy outcomes, but their joint effects are rarely considered. We aimed to examine associations between combinations of first trimester health behaviors and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), normotensive adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), and blood pressure (BP) 2-7 years after delivery.

Methods: Participants in the nuMoM2b and follow-up Heart Health Study were included.

Effectiveness of behavior change techniques to address barriers to follow-up colonoscopy: results from an online survey and randomized factorial experiment.

Background: Nonattendance at colonoscopy is associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) survival.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to quantify barriers to colonoscopy and test the effectiveness of behavior change techniques (BCTs) to address them.

Methods: Two studies were conducted.

Patterns of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across pregnancy before and during two COVID pandemic years.

Background: Physical activity is recommended during pregnancy, and high sedentary behavior and poor sleep may increase the risk of pregnancy complications. Activity patterns and sleep were negatively impacted by the COVID pandemic in many segments of the population, but the impact of the pandemic on pregnant people is understudied. We aimed to compare patterns of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep during pregnancy between a pre-COVID and a COVID-era cohort.

Automated Insulin Delivery in Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Older adults with type 1 diabetes are at risk for serious hypoglycemia. Automated insulin delivery can reduce risk but has not been sufficiently evaluated in this population.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized crossover trial in adults older than or equal to 65 years of age with type 1 diabetes.

Challenges in understanding inequities in help-seeking for possible cancer symptoms.

Tackling inequities in cancer outcomes is a global health priority. One avenue for improving early diagnosis of cancer is to ensure people know when and how to seek help for cancer symptoms and that this knowledge (and behaviour) is equitably distributed across the population. In this perspective piece we highlight the challenges in understanding sociodemographic differences in help-seeking behaviour (for example, how help-seeking is defined / conceptualised and subsequently assessed), as well as challenges with using existing datasets that are now more readily accessible than ever.

Relationship between symptoms, sociodemographic factors, and general practice help-seeking in 10 904 adults aged 50 and over.

Symptoms are a common reason for contact with primary care. This study investigated associations between symptom-related, demographic, social, and economic factors on general practice (GP) help-seeking. Secondary analysis of responses to a 25-symptom questionnaire, from 10 904 adults aged ≥50 years reporting at least one symptom in the preceding year.

Uptake and experience of professional interpreting services in primary care in a South Asian population: a national cross-sectional study.

Background: Interpreting services bridge language barriers that may prevent patients and clinicians from understanding each other, impacting quality of care and health outcomes. Despite this, there is limited up-to-date evidence regarding the barriers to and facilitators of uptake in primary care. The aim of this study was to ascertain current national uptake and experience of interpreting services in primary care (general practice) by South Asian communities in England.

How do GPs communicate the urgent suspected cancer referral pathway to patients? A qualitative study of GP-patient consultations.

Background: The UK National Institute for Health and Care (NICE) recommends that GPs inform patients referred onto the Urgent Suspected Cancer (USC) pathway about what to expect from the service. However, there is a lack of evidence on patient experience and information needs at the point of referral. It is a challenge for GPs to communicate the reasons for referral and provide reassurance.

Using the Candidacy Framework to understand individual, interpersonal, and system level factors driving inequities in women with breast cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Persistent inequities in breast cancer outcomes exist. Understanding women's experiences along the care pathway is the first step to finding solutions to tackle these inequities.

Methods: Secondary data analysis of the 2017/2018 English National Cancer Patient Experience Survey (n = 25,408) using logistic regression to explore inequities in care experience by sociodemographic factors (age, ethnicity, socioeconomic position, sexual orientation) across 59 survey questions.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics of ribociclib in black patients with metastatic breast cancer the LEANORA study.

Underrepresented populations' participation in clinical trials remains limited, and the potential impact of genomic variants on drug metabolism remains elusive. This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacogenomics (PGx) of ribociclib in self-identified Black women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2) advanced breast cancer. LEANORA (NCT04657679) was a prospective, observational, multicenter cohort study involving 14 Black women.

A Low-Order Permutationally Invariant Polynomial Approach to Learning Potential Energy Surfaces Using the Bond-Order Charge-Density Matrix: Application to C Clusters for = 3-10, 20.

A representation for learning potential energy surfaces (PESs) in terms of permutationally invariant polynomials (PIPs) using the Hartree-Fock expression for electronic energy is proposed. Our approach is based on the one-electron core Hamiltonian weighted by the configuration-dependent elements of the bond-order charge density matrix (CDM). While the previously reported model used an -function Gaussian basis for the CDM, the present formulation is expanded with -functions, which are crucial for describing chemical bonding.

Understanding and tackling cancer inequities: What opportunities does intersectionality offer researchers, policymakers, and providers? A scoping review.

Problem Identification: We summarised the international evidence relating to the role of intersectionality in patients' lived experience of inequities along the cancer care pathway. We produced guidance to use intersectionality in future research.

Literature Search: We included 42 articles published between 1989 to 2023 that used intersectionality to guide the study and interpretation of inequities in cancer care.

Socioeconomic inequities in care experienced by women with breast cancer in England: An intersectional cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Guided by the Intersectionality Framework, we examined the differential in breast cancer care experience across population subgroups in England.

Methods: Secondary data analysis using the 2017/2018 National Cancer Patient Experience Surveys. We used disaggregated descriptive statistics (mean, standard errors, 95% confidence interval) to analyse 26,030 responses from female breast cancer patients to a question relating to overall care experience categorised by age, ethnicity, and sexual orientation in their intersection with social position.

Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes in adult patients with germline -mutated, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: a retrospective medical record review in the United States.

Aim: To examine clinical characteristics, real-world treatment patterns, and health outcomes among patients with germline -mutated, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced breast cancer (ABC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using medical records from patients with HER2-negative ABC with mutation who received cytotoxic chemotherapy. Data were stratified into groups with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) or hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative diagnoses.

What Proportion of BRCA-Associated Breast Cancer Is Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2-Low and Eligible for Additional Targeted Therapy?

Introduction: DESTINY B04 provided clinical meaning to a new classification of human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression in breast cancer: HER2-low. Patients with germline breast cancer type 1 gene pathogenic variants (gBRCA1) often develop triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), but the proportion who could be classified as HER2-low and qualify for an additional targeted therapy option is unknown. This study aims to characterize the proportion of gBRCA1 or germline breast cancer type 2 gene pathogenic variants patients for whom these novel targeted therapies may be an option.

A Qualitative Study Describing Experiences of Pregnancy Discrimination in the Workplace.

Objectives: Qualitatively assess experiences of occupational pregnancy discrimination.

Methods: A fully remote phenomenological qualitative study was completed leveraging semistructured interviews with a sample of pregnant employees in the United States. Inclusion criteria included being pregnant, working at least 35 hours per week, employed at least 1 year at current employer, and without diagnosed depression/anxiety.

Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the WISDM Study.

Objective: Up to one-third of older adults with type 1 diabetes experience impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), yet the factors associated with IAH remain underexplored in older adults.

Research Design And Methods: This post hoc analysis evaluated the clinical and glycemic correlates of IAH in adults ≥60 years old with type 1 diabetes in the WISDM study. IAH and normal awareness of hypoglycemia (NAH) were defined by a Clarke score of ≥4 or <4, respectively.