Scale-up of the Australian Fans in Training (Aussie-FIT) men's health behaviour change program: a protocol for a randomised controlled hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial.

Introduction: Improving physical activity (PA) and healthy eating is critical for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Behaviour change programmes delivered in sporting clubs can engage men in health behaviour change, but are rarely sustained or scaled-up post trial. Following the success of pilot studies of the Australian Fans in Training (Aussie-FIT) programme, a hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial protocol was developed.

An exploration of ex-boarding school adults' attachment styles and substance use behaviours.

Our study examines the relationship between boarding school attendance, adult attachment styles, parental bonding, and substance use, aiming was to quantitatively investigate if caregiver deprivation caused by boarding contributes to enduring outcomes in adults. In a sample of 149 adults, measures included AUDIT and DUDIT (substance use), Parental Bonding Instrument (parental care), and Experiences in Close Relationships (adult attachment). Pearson's correlation revealed a significant negative association between age at first boarding and anxiety, avoidant attachment styles, and poorer parental care, whilst a significant positive relationship was identified between age at first boarding and perceived parental care.

Selection of baseline blood pressure to guide management of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.

Introduction: Recommendations on vasopressor management during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia suggest maintaining systolic arterial pressure ≥90% of an accurately measured baseline value. The baseline is often taken as the first reading in the operating room. We hypothesise that this reading may not reflect an accurate baseline value.

Development of a novel radiographic measure of lumbar instability and validation using the facet fluid sign.

Background: Lumbar spinal instability is frequently referenced in clinical practice and the scientific literature despite the lack of a standard definition or validated radiographic test. The Quantitative Stability Index (QSI) is being developed as a novel objective test for sagittal plane lumbar instability. The QSI is calculated using lumbar flexion-extension radiographs.

Optimizing success with lumbar disc arthroplasty.

Purpose: This study aimed at determining the variables that may prove useful in predicting clinical outcomes following lumbar disc arthroplasty.

Methods: Pre- and post-operative imaging assessments were obtained for 99 single-level lumbar disc arthroplasty patients from a prospective IDE study. The assessments and patient demographics were tested to identify variables that were significantly associated with clinical outcomes.

Canonical Wnt signals combined with suppressed TGFβ/BMP pathways promote renewal of the native human colonic epithelium.

Background: A defining characteristic of the human intestinal epithelium is that it is the most rapidly renewing tissue in the body. However, the processes underlying tissue renewal and the mechanisms that govern their coordination have proved difficult to study in the human gut.

Objective: To investigate the regulation of stem cell-driven tissue renewal by canonical Wnt and TGFβ/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathways in the native human colonic epithelium.

A clinical evaluation of four non-Luer spinal needle and syringe systems.

We performed an evaluation of non-Luer spinal devices supplied by four manufacturers or suppliers: Polymedic; Pajunk; Sarstedt; and Smiths. For each supplier, 100 evaluations were performed using a 25-G 90-mm spinal needle, 3-ml syringe, 5-ml syringe and filter needle; for comparison, 100 evaluations were performed with our standard Luer equipment. The non-Luer devices were associated with more qualitative problems compared with the Luer devices, for example, poor feel of dural puncture (9-32% vs 10%, respectively), poor observation of cerebrospinal fluid in the hub (3-27% vs 0%), and connection problem of the syringe to the spinal needle (7-33% vs 0%).

Asymmetric motion distribution between components of a mobile-core lumbar disc prosthesis: an explanation of unequal wear distribution in explanted CHARITÉ polyethylene cores.

Background: The biconvex mobile core of the CHARITÉ lumbar disc prosthesis forms two joints (spherical bearings) with the metal end plates. We quantified the intra-prosthesis motion to test the hypothesis that the total prosthesis motion would not be equally distributed between the two bearings of implanted CHARITÉ discs, which might explain the unequal wear distribution reported in explanted cores.

Methods: The hypothesis was tested by studying the flexion-extension motion responses of (1) twenty-six monosegmental CHARITÉ III discs implanted in nineteen human cadaveric lumbar spines, and (2) twenty-one CHARITÉ III discs (fifteen monosegmental, six bisegmental) implanted in eighteen patients in other published clinical studies.

Sagittal alignment after Bryan cervical arthroplasty.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, Food and Drug Administration Investigational Device Exemption trial from one study site.

Objective: Examine the radiographic sagittal alignment of the Bryan cervical disc for one-level disease.

Summary Of Background Data: Prospective, randomized studies demonstrate Bryan arthroplasty provides statistically better functional outcomes than anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

Prospective analysis of imaging prediction of pseudarthrosis after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: computed tomography versus flexion-extension motion analysis with intraoperative correlation.

Study Design: A prospective comparison of quantitative motion analyzed (QMA) flexion/extension radiographs versus computed tomography (CT) as an analytical predictor of cervical pseudarthrosis. Intraoperative confirmation of the fusion was performed.

Objective: To prospectively compare motion analyzed flexion/extension radiographs to CT to predict pseudarthroses.

ProDisc-C: an in vivo kinematic study.

Study Design: A prospective study of 22 patients with single-level cervical spondylosis.

Objective: To quantify the changes in the biomechanics of the cervical spine after the insertion of a ProDisc-C (Synthes Spine, Paoli, PA) artificial disc.

Summary Of Background Data: Cervical arthroplasty is designed to maintain cervical motion of the functional spinal unit (FSU) after cervical discectomy.

LMA Supreme insertion by novices in manikins and patients.

The LMA Supreme has been suggested for use in emergency situations by medical personnel with no experience in endotracheal intubation. We evaluated the LMA Supreme when inserted by non-anaesthetists, firstly in a manikin and then in patients. Fifty airway novices inserted a LMA Supreme in a manikin without any complications so we proceeded to the patient phase.

Determination of the in vivo posterior loading environment of the Coflex interlaminar-interspinous implant.

Background Context: The in vivo loading environment of load-bearing implants is generally largely unknown. Loads are typically approximated from cadaver tests or biomechanical calculations for the preclinical assessment of a device's safety and efficacy.

Purpose: To determine the actual in vivo loading environment of an elastic interlaminar-interspinous implant (Coflex).

Job satisfaction of physicians in Russia.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between job characteristics and job satisfaction amongst physicians in Russia.

Design/methodology/approach: Overall satisfaction and relative satisfaction on the bases of facility and gender were measured. Approaches included the perception vs expectation paradigm, and statistical techniques using chi-square, independent samples t-tests, and logistic regression.

Sagittal balance influences range of motion: an in vivo study with the ProDisc-C.

Background Context: Cervical arthroplasty is designed to maintain cervical motion of the functional spinal unit after cervical discectomy. The impact of the ProDisc-C (Synthes Spine, Paoli, PA) on in vivo kinematics and sagittal alignment requires further assessment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the ProDisc-C increases range of motion (ROM) in flexion and extension at the surgical level, and assess its impact on cervical alignment.

I-gel insertion by novices in manikins and patients.

The i-gel, a novel supraglottic airway, has been proposed for use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We evaluated the performance of this device in manikins and anaesthetised patients when used by novices: medical students, non-anaesthetist physicians and allied health professionals all unfamiliar with the i-gel. Fifty i-gels were placed in manikins.

Short-term comparison of cervical fusion with static and dynamic plating using computerized motion analysis.

Study Design: This study is a retrospective review of fusion rates for cervical plates, analyzed by means of computerized analysis.

Objectives: This study compares the fusion rates for two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion between patients with static versus dynamic plates.

Summary Of Background Data: Anterior cervical plating has been shown to decrease the pseudarthrosis rate.

Defining pseudoarthrosis in the cervical spine with differing motion thresholds.

Study Design: Calculate the apparent pseudarthrosis rate for anteriorly plated cervical spine fusions using different threshold levels of intervertebral rotation.

Objectives: Determine whether the apparent pseudarthrosis rate depends on the amount of intervertebral rotation used to characterize a fusion as a pseudarthrosis.

Summary Of Background Data: Intervertebral motion at a spine fusion site is an important outcome measure in most spine fusion research studies.