An opportunity to sleep well in hospital: development of a multi-level intervention to improve inpatient sleep (ASLEEP) using behaviour change theories.

Background: Sleep is substantial issue for hospital inpatients and can negatively affect healing and recovery. There is a good evidence-base for interventions which can improve sleep, however currently they are not being implemented into NHS practice. To address the evidence-practice gap, we have conducted early-phase development for an inpatient sleep intervention (ASLEEP); a multi-level intervention to improve inpatient sleep in UK hospital wards.

REST: a preoperative tailored sleep intervention for patients undergoing total knee replacement - feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a novel preoperative tailored sleep intervention for patients undergoing total knee replacement.

Design: Feasibility two-arm two-centre RCT using 1:1 randomisation with an embedded qualitative study.

Setting: Two National Health Service (NHS) secondary care hospitals in England and Wales.

The effectiveness of non-pharmacological sleep interventions for improving inpatient sleep in hospital: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sleep disturbance is common in hospital. The hospital environment can have a negative impact on sleep quality, through factors such as noise, light, temperature, and nursing care disruptions. Poor sleep can lead to delays in recovery, wound healing, and increase risk of post-operative infection.

TRYBE®: an Fc-free antibody format with three monovalent targeting arms engineered for long in vivo half-life.

TrYbe® is an Fc-free therapeutic antibody format, capable of engaging up to three targets simultaneously, with long half-life conferred by albumin binding. This format is shown by small-angle X-ray scattering to be conformationally flexible with favorable 'reach' properties. We demonstrate the format's broad functionality by co-targeting of soluble and cell surface antigens.

Multiple hospital organisational factors are associated with adverse patient outcomes post-hip fracture in England and Wales: the REDUCE record-linkage cohort study.

Objectives: Despite established standards and guidelines, substantial variation remains in the delivery of hip fracture care across the United Kingdom. We aimed to determine which hospital-level organisational factors predict adverse patient outcomes in the months following hip fracture.

Methods: We examined a national record-linkage cohort of 178,757 patients aged ≥60 years who sustained a hip fracture in England and Wales in 2016-19.

Development of a novel intervention to improve sleep and pain in patients undergoing total knee replacement.

Background: Up to 20% of patients experience long-term pain and dissatisfaction after total knee replacement, with a negative impact on their quality of life. New approaches are needed to reduce the proportion of people to go on to experience chronic post-surgical pain. Sleep and pain are bidirectionally linked with poor sleep linked to greater pain.

The Importance of Sleep for People With Chronic Pain: Current Insights and Evidence.

We are currently in the midst of a sleep crisis. Our current work and lifestyle environments are normalizing poor sleep with substantial negative impact on our health. Research on sleep has linked sleep deprivation to poorer mental health, obesity, cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and a myriad of other health conditions.

The effectiveness of non-pharmacological sleep interventions for people with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: About two thirds of people with chronic pain report problems sleeping. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological sleep interventions for improving sleep in people with chronic pain.

Design: We conducted a systematic review of non-pharmacological and non-invasive interventions to improve sleep quality or duration for adults with chronic non-cancer pain evaluated in a randomised controlled trial.

Value, transparency, and inclusion: A values-based study of patient involvement in musculoskeletal research.

Background: Patient and public involvement work (PPI) is essential to good research practice. Existing research indicates that PPI offers benefits to research design, conduct, communication, and implementation of findings. Understanding how PPI works and its value helps to provide information about best practice and highlight areas for further development.

A Smartphone App for Supporting the Self-management of Daytime Urinary Incontinence in Adolescents: Development and Formative Evaluation Study of URApp.

Background: Daytime urinary incontinence (UI) is common in childhood and often persists into adolescence. UI in adolescence is associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including depressive symptoms, peer victimization, poor self-image, and problems with peer relationships. The first-line conservative treatment for UI is bladder training (standard urotherapy) that aims to establish a regular fluid intake and a timed schedule for toilet visits.

Insights Into the Structure-Function Relationships of Dimeric C3d Fragments.

Cleavage of C3 to C3a and C3b plays a central role in the generation of complement-mediated defences. Although the thioester-mediated surface deposition of C3b has been well-studied, fluid phase dimers of C3 fragments remain largely unexplored. Here we show C3 cleavage results in the spontaneous formation of C3b dimers and present the first X-ray crystal structure of a disulphide-linked human C3d dimer.

REducing unwarranted variation in the Delivery of high qUality hip fraCture services in England and Wales (REDUCE): protocol for a mixed-methods study.

Introduction: Substantial variation in the delivery of hip fracture care, and patient outcomes persists between hospitals, despite established UK national standards and guidelines. Patients' outcomes are partly explained by patient-level risk factors, but it is hypothesised that organisational-level factors account for the persistence of unwarranted variation in outcomes. The mixed-methods REducing unwarranted variation in the Delivery of high qUality hip fraCture services in England and Wales (REDUCE) study, aims to determine key organisational factors to target to improve patient care.

Bispecific antibody target pair discovery by high-throughput phenotypic screening using in vitro combinatorial Fab libraries.

Bispecific antibodies can uniquely influence cellular responses, but selecting target combinations for optimal functional activity remains challenging. Here we describe a high-throughput, combinatorial, phenotypic screening approach using a new bispecific antibody target discovery format, allowing screening of hundreds of target combinations. Simple mixing of Fab-fusion proteins from a diverse library enables the generation of thousands of screen-ready bispecific antibodies for high-throughput, biologically relevant assays.

Fibromyalgia Self-Management: Mapping the behaviour change techniques used in a practice-based programme.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex long-term condition associated with pain, fatigue and concentration difficulties. There is limited robust evidence for the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments for FM, with current guidelines recommending nonpharmacological interventions. The clinically developed Fibromyalgia Self-Management Programme (FSMP) is a nonpharmacological, multidisciplinary education group intervention.

Effectiveness and reporting standards of psychological interventions for improving short-term and long-term pain outcomes after total knee replacement: a systematic review.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and reporting standards of psychological interventions for improving outcomes after total knee replacement (TKR).

Design: Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to up to 9 May 2019 with no language restrictions applied. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of psychological interventions for short-term and long-term postoperative pain after TKR were included.

Exploring the acceptability of using low-friction bedding for patients with burns: Qualitative results from the SILKIE study.

Background: Skin grafts following deep burns are needed to ensure healing. Grafts that fail and require re-grafting cause significant distress to patients and additional costs for the NHS. Shearing, which leads to graft loss, may be reduced through the use of low-friction bedding.

Left behind and left out: The impact of the school environment on young people with continence problems.

Objectives: To explore the impact of the secondary school environment on young people with continence problems.

Design: In-depth qualitative semi-structured interviews.

Methods: We interviewed 20 young people aged 11-19 years (11 female and nine male) with continence problems (daytime wetting, bedwetting, and/or soiling).

'What does that mean?': a qualitative exploration of the primary and secondary clinical care experiences of young people with continence problems in the UK.

Objectives: To explore the clinical care experiences of young people with continence problems.

Design: In-depth semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted by Skype and telephone, with the addition of art-based participatory research techniques. Transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Development of a Core Outcome Set for Clinical Effectiveness Trials in Esophageal Cancer Resection Surgery.

Objective: Development of a core outcome set (COS) for clinical effectiveness trials in esophageal cancer resection surgery.

Background: Inconsistency and heterogeneity in outcome reporting after esophageal cancer resection surgery hampers comparison of trial results and undermines evidence synthesis. COSs provide an evidence-based approach to these challenges.

A Comparison of Health Professionals' and Patients' Views of the Importance of Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery.

Background: A comprehensive evaluation of bariatric surgery is required to inform decision-making. This will include measures of benefit and risk. It is possible that stakeholders involved with surgery value these outcomes differently, although this has not previously been explored.

Patient-reported outcomes in head and neck and thyroid cancer randomised controlled trials: A systematic review of completeness of reporting and impact on interpretation.

Aim: To determine the completeness of reporting of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of head and neck cancer (HNC) and thyroid cancer randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) and identify PRO measures used.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for HNC and thyroid cancer RCTs with PRO end-points (January 2004-June 2015). Two investigators independently extracted data, assessed adherence to the International Society for Quality of Life Research (ISOQOL) PRO reporting standards and concordance between hypotheses and PRO measures used.