Developing non-radioactive, radical methods to screen for radiolytic stability.

Radiolytically generated radicals cause degradation of nutrients in food, materials in satellites and solar cells, and human health. Radiation effects are studied using gamma radiolysis, a low-throughput, high-cost, and low-accessibility method. We developed a higher-throughput, low-cost, non-radioactive, radical assay that produces radicals similar to those generated in gamma radiolysis and examined monoamide degradation.

No Difference in Pullout Strength Between a Bio-inductive Implant and a Semitendinosus Tendon Graft in a Biomechanical Study of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Repair Augmentation.

Purpose: To compare the pullout strength of a bio-inductive implant (BI) used to augment a medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) repair with the pullout strength of semitendinosus graft in a biomechanical cadaveric model.

Methods: Six matched pairs of cadavers (12 knees) were used in the biomechanical testing comparing semitendinosus tendon (Semi-T) versus a BI. The Semi-T was harvested from 1 of the matched pairs.

Dasatinib and dexamethasone followed by hematopoietic cell transplantation for adults with Ph-positive ALL.

Post-remission strategies after dasatinib-corticosteroid induction in adult Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are not well studied. We evaluated dasatinib and dexamethasone induction then protocol-defined post-remission therapies, including hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Adults (N = 65) with Ph-positive ALL received dasatinib-dexamethasone induction, methotrexate-based central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis, reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic HCT, autologous HCT, or chemotherapy alone, and dasatinib-based maintenance.

A phase 2 trial of single low doses of rasburicase for treatment of hyperuricemia in adult patients with acute leukemia.

Background: Rasburicase can markedly and rapidly decrease uric acid (UA) levels, thereby preventing and treating tumor lysis syndrome. However, rasburicase is expensive, especially when used as per the manufacturer's recommended dosage of 0.2 mg/kg/day for up to 5 days.

Towards better combination regimens of cytarabine and FLT3 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: AML patients with FLT3/ITD mutations have poor response to cytarabine-based chemotherapy. FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3i) may resensitize cells to cytarabine (CYT). Improving treatment outcome of this combination may benefit from a mechanistic extrapolation approach from in vitro data.

Editorial Commentary: Good Start But More Testing Needs to Be Done: Load to Failure and Knot Security Comparing Suture Tape Versus High-Strength Suture.

Two-millimeter high tensile strength tape (HTST) ultimate load to failure and knot security is greater than No. 2 high tensile strength suture. However, not many surgeons tie knots with 2-mm HTST.

Beyond Biological Chelation: Coordination of f-Block Elements by Polyhydroxamate Ligands.

The promise of polyhydroxamic acid ligands for the selective chelation of the f-block elements is becoming increasingly more apparent. The initial studies of polyhydroxamic acid siderophores showed the formation of highly stable complexes with Pu , but a higher preference for Fe hindered effective applications. The development of synthetic routes toward highly pure and customizable ligands containing multiple hydroxamic acids allowed for the growth of new classes of compounds.

Injuries in the Chinese Arena Football League: American Versus Chinese Players.

Background: Arena football is an indoor version of American football played in indoor arenas on a smaller field with 8 players per team. Only 1 study has evaluated injury rates in arena football, and no study had compared 2 distinct cohorts of players.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare injury rates in American versus Chinese athletes in the Chinese Arena Football League.

Editorial Commentary: Is the Cure Worse Than the Disease? Harvesting Autologous Osteochondral Transfer Plugs for Treatment of Lesions of the Elbow.

For autologous osteochondral transfer procedures for osteochondritis dessicans of the elbow, surgeons usually use the knee or ribs as donor sites. This procedure is not without donor site complications. Finding local donor sites is important to reducing the overall morbidity of this procedure.

Editorial Commentary: Don't Forgot the Hip in Swimmers and Multisport Athletes.

Swimming results in significant and repetitive stress on the hip as well as other joints, and hip pain in swimmers should not be ignored. Stretching and strengthening are the mainstays of injury prevention, and recent literature supports that when indicated, femoroacetabular impingement surgical treatment in swimmers results in excellent outcomes including return to sport and frequently at a level of performance superior to pre-injury status.

Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids.

Many organisms rely on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as a first line of defense against pathogens. In general, most AMPs are thought to kill bacteria by binding to and disrupting cell membranes. However, certain AMPs instead appear to inhibit biomacromolecule synthesis, while causing less membrane damage.

Editorial Commentary: When a Tie Is Still a Win: Systematic Reviews Showing No Difference Between Treatments May Not Be Generalizable to Individual Patients.

When a systematic review finds no difference between treatment options for a particular disorder, this could mean more than you think. Individual patients requiring shoulder Bankart repair are unique with respect to their demands and expectations and pathology. Surgeons should combine published principles with understanding of their own skills and their specific patient to optimize a treatment outcome.

Editorial Commentary: Is the Information Gathered From Patient-Reported Outcome Worth the Time and Effort? Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Data Collection Systems Result in Poor Response Rate.

There is an increasing demand for quality metrics and patient-reported outcomes from government agencies and insurance carriers. However, electronic patient-reported outcomes fail to achieve a significant response rate because they are too long and complicated. It is suggested that outcome scores for quality metrics need to be simplified to increase the response rate.

Related Research and Arthroscopy: Increasing the Breadth of Arthroscopy and Arthroscopy Techniques.

An editorial goal is to increase the breadth of Arthroscopy and Arthroscopy Techniques. Our readers are more than arthroscopic surgeons and scientists. Rather, the health care providers and scientists who read our journals are, first and foremost, physicians, allied health practitioners, and academic intellectuals whose interests include improving individual and public health and welfare across a wide spectrum of scholarly topics.

Editorial Commentary: Belt and Suspenders-Linked Single-Row Rotator Cuff Repair.

Rotator cuff repairs fail at the suture-soft tissue interface. The linked single-row repair technique may provide increased soft tissue pullout strength, but further study is needed.

Dexrazoxane for cardioprotection in older adults with acute myeloid leukemia.

Anthracyclines constitute the backbone of intensive adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Cardiotoxicity is one of its most serious adverse effects, and its incidence increases with cumulative dose. Dexrazoxane is a cardioprotective agent used in conjunction with anthracycline therapy.

Research Pearls: The Significance of Statistics and Perils of Pooling. Part 2: Predictive Modeling.

The focus of predictive modeling or predictive analytics is to use statistical techniques to predict outcomes and/or the results of an intervention or observation for patients that are conditional on a specific set of measurements taken on the patients prior to the outcomes occurring. Statistical methods to estimate these models include using such techniques as Bayesian methods; data mining methods, such as machine learning; and classical statistical models of regression such as logistic (for binary outcomes), linear (for continuous outcomes), and survival (Cox proportional hazards) for time-to-event outcomes. A Bayesian approach incorporates a prior estimate that the outcome of interest is true, which is made prior to data collection, and then this prior probability is updated to reflect the information provided by the data.

Editorial Commentary: No 2 Hips Are the Same-Femoroacetabular Impingement May Be More Proximal in Patients With Developmental Dysplasia.

Every hip is unique. The area of cam impingement is more proximal in patients with borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip. It is important to recognize this to ensure successful treatment.

Editorial Commentary: Google It!-Reliability of Medical Information Found on the Internet.

Patients use Google or other search engines to obtain information on various medical problems. This information is not always reliable, and physicians should direct patients to Web sites that are validated and reliable.

Editorial Commentary: Pitching Should Come With a Warning Label.

Pitching is not without risk of overuse injuries. Pitch counts have been instituted to reduce the risk, but Riff et al.'s article clearly demonstrates that as pitchers get older they do not adhere to these counts, which increases the risk of injury.

Adjustment to Acute Leukemia: The Impact of Social Support and Marital Satisfaction on Distress and Quality of Life Among Newly Diagnosed Patients and Their Caregivers.

Little is known about the specific patterns of adjustment among newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients and their caregivers. This study examined the trajectories of patient and caregiver distress over time as well as the extent to which marital satisfaction and social support moderated these trajectories among those with significant-other caregivers. Forty six patient-caregiver dyads provided ratings at four time points: within 1 week of diagnosis (T1), 2 week follow-up (T2), 6 week follow-up (T3) and 12 week follow-up (T4).

Editorial Commentary: Many Ways to Skin a Cat.

There are many ways to treat lateral epicondylitis. The authors of this study present 2 different methods, but one method has less operative cost and takes less time. As medicine evolves, we should take this into account when choosing one procedure over another.

Editorial Commentary: Think Twice, Cut Once.

How much of the anterior acetabulum rim needs to be resected to reduce the impingement of the pincer lesion? Hellman et al. present 3 measurements that can be performed on routine radiographs so that the surgeon can preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively measure the amount resected from the anterior acetabulum rim.