A scoping review of health literacy in rare disorders: key issues and research directions.

Background: The ability to find, understand, appraise and utilise health information is crucial among individuals living with rare disorders. The aim of this study was to give a comprehensive overview of the literature on health literacy in adult persons with rare disorders.

Methods: We applied a scoping review methodology and performed a systematic search in 2021 in bibliographic databases.

Group-based patient education via videoconference: A scoping review.

Objectives: To summarize recent evidence on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of videoconference (VC) group-based patient and caregiver education.

Methods: Systematic searches of the literature were conducted. Data was extracted on the characteristics of the studies and interventions and on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of the interventions.

Droplet applicator module for reproducible and controlled endoscopic laryngeal adductor reflex stimulation.

This work presents a droplet applicator module to generate stable droplets with different muzzle energies for the reproducible endoscopic stimulation of the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR). The LAR is a protective reflex of the human larynx; an abnormal LAR performance may cause aspiration pneumonia. A pathological LAR can be detected by evaluating its onset latency.

Inverse optimal control with time-varying objectives: application to human jumping movement analysis.

Analysis of complex human movements can provide valuable insights for movement rehabilitation, sports training, humanoid robot design and control, and human-robot interaction. To accomplish complex movement, the central nervous system must coordinate the musculo-skeletal system to achieve task and internal (e.g.

Feasibility and Acceptability of an Interactive Mental Well-Being Intervention for People With Intellectual Disabilities: Pilot Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The availability of both digital and traditional mental well-being interventions is rising, but these interventions typically do not consider people with intellectual disabilities as potential users.

Objective: The study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of a new digital intervention, developed with and for people with intellectual disabilities, to improve their subjective well-being.

Methods: Using a single-group pre-post design, participants with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers completed the 4-week intervention.

Estimation and Observability Analysis of Human Motion on Lie Groups.

This article proposes a framework for human-pose estimation from the wearable sensors that rely on a Lie group representation to model the geometry of the human movement. Human body joints are modeled by matrix Lie groups, using special orthogonal groups SO(2) and SO(3) for joint pose and special Euclidean group SE(3) for base-link pose representation. To estimate the human joint pose, velocity, and acceleration, we develop the equations for employing the extended Kalman filter on Lie groups (LG-EKF) to explicitly account for the non-Euclidean geometry of the state space.

Co-development of an interactive digital intervention to promote the well-being of people with intellectual disabilities.

Digital technologies have great potential in offering interventions for people with intellectual disabilities. In this study, we aimed to co-develop a digital psycho-educational intervention, using a positive resource-oriented approach, to improve the mental well-being of people with intellectual disabilities. Using a two-phase design process, we first used a theory-guided approach to develop the content.

Computerized positive mental imagery training versus cognitive control training versus treatment as usual in inpatient mental health settings: study protocol for a randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Background: Enhancing the capacity to experience positive affect could help improve recovery across a range of areas of mental health. Experimental psychopathology research indicates that a computerized cognitive training paradigm involving generation of positive mental imagery can increase state positive affect, and more recent clinical studies have suggested that this training could be used as an adjunct treatment module to target symptoms related to positive affect deficits, specifically anhedonia. The current study investigates the feasibility of adding a positive mental imagery computerized training module to treatment for patients in inpatient mental health settings, with a focus on increasing positive affect and reducing anhedonia.

Health economic evaluations of patient education interventions a scoping review of the literature.

Objectives: To provide a comprehensive overview of health economic evaluations of patient education interventions for people living with chronic illness.

Methods: Relevant literature published between 2000 and 2016 has been comprehensively reviewed, with attention paid to variations in study, intervention, and patient characteristics.

Results: Of the 4693 titles identified, 56 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this scoping review.

[Hygiene trained nursing staff at wards – What can this additional educated nurses achieve?].

Background: Hygiene deficits can cause hospital-acquired infections. To meet this public health problem the Robert Koch-Institute advocates the employment of infection control link nurses (ICLN). Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the experiences of ICLNs working in the University Hospital of Cologne.

A scoping review of the literature on benefits and challenges of participating in patient education programs aimed at promoting self-management for people living with chronic illness.

Objective: To give a comprehensive overview of benefits and challenges from participating in group based patient education programs that are carried out by health care professionals and lay participants, aimed at promoting self-management for people living with chronic illness.

Methods: We searched 8 literature databases. Full text articles meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved and reviewed.

Implementation of an innovative hands-on training to improve adherence to hygiene rules: A feasibility Study.

Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) still pose a major problem in inpatient care. The single most important measure for preventing HAIs is to improve adherence to hand hygiene among health care professionals.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of an innovative hands-on training to improve adherence to hygiene rules under standardized and under real life conditions.

[Cases from the area between geriatrics and trauma surgery. Examples from the medical arbitration board].

Medical arbitration boards ("Schlichtungsstellen", expert panels for extrajudicial malpractice claim resolution) try to settle claims of suspected malpractice between patients and their physicians and to avoid court trials. Numerous studies found an increasing incidence of adverse events with rising age. Injuries that occur in the hospital are frequently beyond the specialty of the treating physician.

Genotype-phenotype relationship for localization and age distribution of telangiectases in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) ranging from telangiectases to larger AVMs. Mutations in two genes cause HHT; ENG (HHT1) and ACVRL1 (HHT2). Although the hallmark for clinical diagnosis is the presence of telangiectases, there are few publications reporting the relative distribution and frequency of these features between HHT1 and HHT2.

The value of different electrocardiographic depolarization criteria in the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy.

Background: The use of electrocardiographic (ECG) depolarization and repolarization criteria plays a large role in the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). Different ECG algorithms should be analyzed in making the diagnosis of ARVD/C with the use of normal and modified recording techniques.

Methods: In a cohort of 343 patients (210 men and 133 women; mean age, 46.

Mechanisms of syncopes in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia-cardiomyopathy beyond monomorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Syncopes appear in 10-20% in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia-cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). In the majority of cases sustained or non-sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardias represent the underlying mechanism of syncope. In other cases the mechanism remains unclear.

Valsartan versus ACE inhibition after bare metal stent implantation--results of the VALVACE trial.

The use of ACE inhibitors (ACE-i) represents an Ia recommendation in the treatment of patients with STEMI and NSTEMI. However, results of smaller studies suggest an increase of in-stent-restenosis under ACE-i administration. The effects of ACE-i and valsartan after bare metal stent implantation of the culprit type B2/C lesion should be compared.

Biomechanical qualities of threaded acetabular cups.

We examined 25 different threaded cups using a specific biomechanical procedure. Great differences between the tested cups concerning their biomechanical parameters could be found. There is some evidence that the design of several cups might be inappropriate for stable acetabular fixation, and this may be the reason for early loosening.

Early failure of a press-fit carbon fiber hip prosthesis with a smooth surface.

We investigated a press-fit anatomically shaped hip stem made of carbon fiber-reinforced composite material in a prospective clinical study. The intention of the design was that a surface of interlaced carbon fibers in the proximal part would achieve metaphyseal fixation. A total of 51 carbon stems were implanted in 48 patients (30 women and 22 men).

Mycoses in AIDS.

Major changes are occurring in the epidemiology of opportunistic infections (OI) in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). A marked decrease of minor and major OI was observed and clinical resistance of thrush to antifungal agents became extremely rare. Primary and secondary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii infections can be stopped; however, the situation is less clear for other OI such as cryptococcosis or endemic mycoses.

[Functional fracture treatment of the forearm. The indications and results].

In a retrospective study from 1986 to 1995, 64 forearm fractures were treated with brace. Clinical and roentgenographic follow-up data were available for 49 patients (76.6%).

Functional treatment of humeral shaft fractures: indications and results.

Objective: To determine effectiveness of closed functional bracing for humeral shaft fractures.

Design: Retrospective.

Setting: University.

[Sarmiento function fracture treatment of the tibia].

Sarmiento's functional brace treatment of tibial bone fractures is introduced and discussed. After fixation with a plaster cast and extension, the injured limb is fitted into a synthetic brace until complete bony union is achieved. Our four years of experience with 73 patients and the distribution of age, sex, localization, and cause are presented, as are the reexamination results.