Identification of a bio-signature for barley resistance against Pyrenophora teres infection based on physiological, molecular and sensor-based phenotyping.

Necrotic and chlorotic symptoms induced during Pyrenophora teres infection in barley leaves indicate a compatible interaction that allows the hemi-biotrophic fungus Pyrenophora teres to colonise the host. However, it is unexplored how this fungus affects the physiological responses of resistant and susceptible cultivars during infection. To assess the degree of resistance in four different cultivars, we quantified visible symptoms and fungal DNA and performed expression analyses of genes involved in plant defence and ROS scavenging.

Computer Vision and Less Complex Image Analyses to Monitor Potato Traits in Fields.

Field phenotyping of crops has recently gained considerable attention leading to the development of new protocols for recording plant traits of interest. Phenotyping in field conditions can be performed by various cameras, sensors, and imaging platforms. In this chapter, practical aspects as well as advantages and disadvantages of aboveground phenotyping platforms are highlighted with a focus on drone-based imaging and relevant image analysis for field conditions.

Extension of Plant Phenotypes by the Foliar Microbiome.

The foliar microbiome can extend the host plant phenotype by expanding its genomic and metabolic capabilities. Despite increasing recognition of the importance of the foliar microbiome for plant fitness, stress physiology, and yield, the diversity, function, and contribution of foliar microbiomes to plant phenotypic traits remain largely elusive. The recent adoption of high-throughput technologies is helping to unravel the diversityand spatiotemporal dynamics of foliar microbiomes, but we have yet to resolve their functional importance for plant growth, development, and ecology.

FMCH001 Increases Water Use Efficiency via Growth Stimulation in Both Normal and Drought Conditions.

Increasing agricultural losses due to biotic and abiotic stresses caused by climate change challenge food security worldwide. A promising strategy to sustain crop productivity under conditions of limited water availability is the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Here, the effects of spore forming (FMCH001) on growth and physiology of maize ( L.

African swine fever virus introduction into the EU in 2014: Experience of Latvia.

African swine fever (ASF) virus was introduced in Latvia in June 2014. Thirty-two outbreaks in domestic pigs and 217 cases in wild boar were notified in 2014. Twenty-eight outbreaks (87.

Institutions: stronger veterinary services for better governance.

Veterinary Services (VS) as defined by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) are institutions that can have varied structures, from the centralised to the completely decentralised, with ranges in between these two extremes. The VS include a broad range of public and civil society organisations and actors whose shared purpose is to deliver animal health services, and the interactions of these actors are governed by a range of formal and informal rules. The range of essential services to be carried out by the VS is laid out in the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code, which also provides certain key definitions.

Microalbuminuria, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: results from a nationwide Danish study.

Objective: To study the association between microalbuminuria and development of preeclampsia and preterm delivery in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This was a population-based prospective study in 846 normoalbuminuric or microalbuminuric women with type 1 diabetes without antihypertensive treatment in early pregnancy. Data were collected prospectively by one to three caregivers in each center and reported to a central registry.

A foot and mouth disease simulation exercise involving the five Nordic countries.

Simulation exercises are considered a very valuable tool for testing contingency plans established for the control and eradication of rapid spreading animal diseases such as foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever and avian influenza. An inter-Nordic simulation exercise was conducted in 2005 with the objective of testing the national foot and mouth disease contingency plans adopted respectively by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The Central Veterinary Administrations of the five countries jointly prepared a scenario which involved about 40 livestock holdings, 4 reindeer flocks, 6 slaughterhouses and approximately 500 people.

Peri-conceptional A1C and risk of serious adverse pregnancy outcome in 933 women with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To study the association between peri-conceptional A1C and serious adverse pregnancy outcome (congenital malformations and perinatal mortality).

Research Design And Methods: Prospective data were collected in 933 singleton pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes.

Results: The risk of serious adverse outcome at different A1C levels was compared with the background population.

Contingency planning: preparation of contingency plans.

Outbreaks of infectious animal diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever, Newcastle disease and avian influenza may have a devastating impact, not only on the livestock sector and the rural community in the directly affected areas, but also beyond agriculture and nation wide. The risk of introducing disease pathogens into a country and the spread of the agent within a country depends on a number of factors including import controls, movement of animals and animal products and the biosecurity applied by livestock producers. An adequate contingency plan is an important instrument in the preparation for and the handling of an epidemic.

Preparedness for major OIE-listed epidemics: implementation of simulation exercises.

Large-scale outbreaks of animal disease cause mass death of animals, a devastating economic impact on livestock industries and communities and furthermore often great distress for owners and keepers of animals. Such large-scale outbreaks have, during the last decade, been experienced by certain EU Member States in pigs caused by classical swine fever outbreaks, in ruminants and pigs due to foot and mouth disease and in poultry as a result of infections by avian influenza virus. With the aim of preventing introduction of the OIE former list A diseases and enhance disease preparedness most European countries have in recent years adopted contingency plans and conducted simulation exercises.

Prenatal risk indicators of a prolonged pregnancy. The Danish Birth Cohort 1998-2001.

Background: Few prenatal risk factors of prolonged pregnancy, a pregnancy of 42 weeks or more, are known. The objective was to examine whether sociodemographic, reproductive, toxicologic, or medical health conditions were associated with the risk of prolonged pregnancy.

Methods: Data from the Danish Birth Cohort in Denmark were used.

Aggressive periodontitis in a 16-year-old Ghanaian adolescent, the original source of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strain HK1651 - a 10-year follow up.

The highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with periodontitis in adolescents. Availability of the DNA sequence of the complete genome of A. actinomycetemcomitans strain HK1651, a representative strain of the JP2 clone (http://www.

Risk factors in developing pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain.

Background: In this prospective epidemiologic cohort study the aim was to identify possible risk factors for developing four different syndromes of pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy.

Methods: Over a one-year period a total of 2,269 consecutive pregnant women -- at week 33 of gestation -- responded to a structured questionnaire and underwent a thorough physical examination. Women who at baseline reported daily pain from pelvic joints and had corresponding objective findings were allocated, according to symptoms, into one of four classification groups, and followed up with questionnaires and physical examinations up to two years after delivery.

Bacterial vaginosis in early pregnancy is associated with low birth weight and small for gestational age, but not with spontaneous preterm birth: a population-based study on Danish women.

Objective: To analyze the association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) in early pregnancy and preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) in a Danish population.

Methods: A geographically defined population-based prospective study of Danish-speaking pregnant women over18 years of age enrolled before week 24 and followed until delivery. BV was diagnosed by Amsel's clinical criteria at enrolment.

Periodontal and hematological characteristics associated with aggressive periodontitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Periodontitis shares several clinical and pathogenic characteristics with chronic arthritis, and there is some degree of coexistence. The aims of this study were to elucidate whether patients with localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) share periodontal and hematological characteristics distinguishing them from individuals free of diseases.

Methods: The study population consisted of white adults ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The tmRDB and SRPDB resources.

Maintained at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Texas, the tmRNA database (tmRDB) is accessible at the URL http://psyche.uthct.edu/dbs/tmRDB/tmRDB.

Outcomes in type 1 diabetic pregnancies: a nationwide, population-based study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare pregnancy outcomes in type 1 diabetic pregnancies with the background population.

Research Design And Methods: This nationwide prospective multicenter study took place in eight Danish centers treating pregnant women with type 1 diabetes during 1993-1999. A total of 990 women with 1,218 pregnancies and delivery after 24 weeks (n=1,215) or early termination due to severe congenital malformations (n=3) were included.

Correlation between self-reported gestational age and ultrasound measurements.

Background: We studied the agreement between different measurements of gestational age, i.e. self-reported gestational age in the Danish National Birth Cohort Study, ultrasound-estimated gestational age from the medical records in one Danish county and gestational age from the Danish National Hospital Discharge Register.

Detection of a highly toxic clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (JP2) in a Moroccan immigrant family with multiple cases of localized aggressive periodontitis.

The JP2 clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, a high-leukotoxin-producing strain, characterized by a 530-basepair (bp) deletion in the promoter region of the leukotoxin gene operon and mainly found among individuals with African origin, is associated with localized aggressive periodontitis. The objective of the study was to examine the occurrence of periodontal disease in a Moroccan immigrant family living in Denmark in which the oldest son (14 year) was referred and treated for localized aggressive periodontitis. Further, the potential occurrence of the JP2 clone of A.

Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus by a model based on risk indicators: a prospective study.

Objective: This study was performed to prospectively evaluate a screening model for gestational diabetes mellitus on the basis of clinical risk indicators.

Study Design: In a prospective multicenter study with 5235 consecutive pregnant women, diagnostic testing with a 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was routinely performed in women with risk indicators and offered to women without risk indicators as part of the study.

Results: Forty-four percent of the women underwent testing, 43% declined participation, 6% did not speak Danish, and 7% could not be contacted.

Pregnancy outcome and prepregnancy body mass index in 2459 glucose-tolerant Danish women.

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between pregnancy outcome and prepregnancy overweight or obesity in women with a normal glucose tolerance test.

Study Design: A historical cohort study of 2459 pregnant women systematically examined for gestational diabetes was performed. Information of oral glucose tolerance test results and clinical outcome were collected from medical records.

Perinatal and maternal complications related to postterm delivery: a national register-based study, 1978-1993.

Objective: This study was undertaken to estimate the risk of fetal and maternal complications associated with postterm delivery in Denmark.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study that used records from the Danish Medical Birth Registry from 1978 to 1993 was performed. All women with registered prolonged pregnancy (n = 78022) and a 5% random sample of all women who gave birth (n = 47021) were linked to the Danish National Discharge Register.