Assessment of variability in life expectancy in older men by use of new comorbidity indices. A nationwide population-based study.

N/A.

Metastatic risk in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a tool incorporating sex, size, and grade.

Objective: To identify predictors of metastases, estimate the proportion of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cases according to these predictors, and subsequently create a risk table showing the absolute difference in metastasis proportion for each 10 mm increase in tumour size.

Patients And Methods: Patients diagnosed with histopathological confirmed ccRCC in 2010-2018 in Denmark identified in the nationwide Danish Multidisciplinary Renal Cancer Group (DaRenCa) Study-3. Association between diagnostic variables and metastases were assessed with logistic regression analyses.

Target trial emulation using new comorbidity indices provided risk estimates comparable to a randomized trial.

Objectives: To quantify the ability of two new comorbidity indices to adjust for confounding, by benchmarking a target trial emulation against the randomized controlled trial (RCT) result.

Study Design And Setting: Observational study including 18,316 men from Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden 5.0, diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2008 and 2019 and treated with primary radical prostatectomy (RP, n = 14,379) or radiotherapy (RT, n = 3,937).

Colonoscopy findings after increasing two-stool faecal immunochemical test (FIT) cut-off: Cross-sectional analysis of the SCREESCO randomized trial.

Background: We determined the impact of an increased two-stool faecal immunochemical test (FIT) cut-off on colonoscopy positivity and relative sensitivity and specificity in the randomized controlled screening trial screening of Swedish colons conducted in Sweden.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of participants in the FIT arm that performed FIT between March 2014 and 2020 within the study registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02078804, who had a faecal haemoglobin concentration of at least 10 µg/g in at least one of two stool samples and who underwent a colonoscopy (n = 3841).

Colorectal cancer screening with fecal immunochemical testing or primary colonoscopy: inequities in diagnostic yield.

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of colorectal cancer screening are well documented, but the implications on inequities in health gain remain unclear.

Methods: Sixty-year-olds were randomly recruited from the Swedish population between March 2014 and March 2020 and invited to undergo either 2 rounds of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) 2 years apart (n = 60 137) or primary colonoscopy just once (n = 30 400). By linkage to Statistics Sweden's registries, we obtained socioeconomic data.

Risk of prostate cancer death in men diagnosed with prostate cancer at cystoprostat-ectomy. A nationwide population-based study.

Background And Aims: One out of three men who undergo cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer is diagnosed with incidental prostate cancer (PCa) at histopathological examination. Many of these men are PSA tested as part of their follow-up, but it is unclear if this is needed. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of PCa death in these men and the need of PSA-testing during follow-up.

Development and validation of a multi-dimensional diagnosis-based comorbidity index that improves prediction of death in men with prostate cancer: Nationwide, population-based register study.

Assessment of comorbidity is crucial for confounding adjustment and prediction of mortality in register-based studies, but the commonly used Charlson comorbidity index is not sufficiently predictive. We aimed to develop a multidimensional diagnosis-based comorbidity index (MDCI) that captures comorbidity better than the Charlson Comorbidity index. The index was developed based on 286,688 men free of prostate cancer randomly selected from the Swedish general population, and validated in 54,539 men without and 68,357 men with prostate cancer.

Patient-reported Side Effects 1 Year After Radical Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Register-based Nationwide Study.

Background: Data on functional and psychological side effects following curative treatment for prostate cancer are lacking from large, contemporary, unselected, population-based cohorts.

Objective: To assess urinary symptoms, bowel disturbances, erectile dysfunction (ED), and quality of life (QoL) 12 mo after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and radiotherapy (RT) using patient-reported outcome measures in the Swedish prostate cancer database.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a nationwide, population-based, cohort study in Sweden of men who underwent primary RARP or RT between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020.

Survival Trend in Individuals With De Novo Metastatic Prostate Cancer After the Introduction of Doublet Therapy.

Importance: Recently, life-prolonging treatments for patients with advanced prostate cancer have been introduced in clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate if the introduction of doublet therapy is associated with changes in survival on a population-basis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This nationwide population-based cohort study used data from the Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden from 2008 to 2020.

Estimation in discrete time coarsened multivariate longitudinal models.

We consider the analysis of longitudinal data of multiple types of events where some of the events are observed on a coarser level (e.g. grouped) at some time points during the follow-up, for example, when certain events, such as disease progression, are only observable during parts of follow-up for some subjects, causing gaps in the data, or when the time of death is observed but the cause of death is unknown.

Choice of imputation method for missing metastatic status affected estimates of metastatic prostate cancer incidence.

Objectives: To study how handling missing data on M stage in a clinical cancer register affects estimates of incidence of metastatic prostate cancer.

Study Design And Setting: Estimates of age-standardized incidence of metastatic prostate cancer were obtained by the use of data in a population-based clinical cancer register in Sweden and using four methods for imputation of missing M stage. Adjusted survival was used to compare men with known and imputed M stage.

Diagnostic activity impacts lifetime risk of prostate cancer diagnosis more strongly than life expectancy.

The main aim of the study was to determine the impact of diagnostic activity and life expectancy on the lifetime risk of a prostate cancer diagnosis. We used a state transition simulation model based on Swedish population-based data to simulate life trajectories for 2,000,000 men from age 40 to 100 in order to estimate the lifetime risk of a prostate cancer diagnosis. Risk estimates were determined by the level of diagnostic activity and estimated life expectancy.

Modeling Disease Trajectories for Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Using Nationwide Population-based Data.

Background: Little is known about disease trajectories for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Objective: To create a state transition model that estimates time spent in the CRPC state and its outcomes.

Design Setting And Participants: The model was generated using population-based prostate-specific antigen data from 40% of the Swedish male population, which were linked to nationwide population-based databases.

Real World Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Radium-223 in Routine Clinical Practice in Sweden.

Aim: Estimate the effect of Radium-223 (Ra-223) on the incidence of bone fractures, prostate cancer death, and all-cause death compared with other standard treatments for metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Methods: Using a cohort design, we estimated the effect of Ra-223 on the risk of bone fractures, all-cause and prostate cancer-specific mortality across different lines of treatment for mCRPC using Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (2013-2018). The comparator group comprised other standard treatments for mCRPC.

Detection rates of colorectal neoplasia during colonoscopies and their associated factors in the SCREESCO study.

Background And Aim: Colonoscopy quality, including lesion detectability, is variable, and factors influencing lesion detection are not fully understood. This study investigated lesion detection rates during colonoscopies and the associated factors in the SCREEning of Swedish COlons (SCREESCO) study.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of data from SCREESCO, a large-scale randomized controlled trial of colorectal cancer screening in the Swedish population aged 60 years, we assessed data of first-time colonoscopies performed in both colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) arms.

Changes in Characteristics of Men with Lethal Prostate Cancer During the Past 25 Years: Description of Population-based Deaths.

Background: Attempts to reduce prostate cancer (PC) mortality require an understanding of temporal changes in the characteristics of men with lethal PC.

Objective: To describe the diagnostic characteristics of and time trends for a nationwide population-based cohort of Swedish men who died from PC between 1992 and 2016.

Design Setting And Participants: Men with PC as the underlying cause of death from 1992 to 2016 according to the Swedish Cause of Death Register were included in the study.

Time to castration-resistant prostate cancer and prostate cancer death according to PSA response in men with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists.

To predict castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and prostate cancer (Pca) death by use of clinical variables at Pca diagnosis and PSA levels after start of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH) in men with non-metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer (nmCSPC). PSA values for 1603 men with nmCSPC in the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden who received GnRH as primary treatment were retrieved from Uppsala-Örebro PSA Cohort and Stockholm PSA and Biopsy Register. All men had measured PSA before () and 3-6 months after () date of start of GnRH.

Colorectal cancer screening with fecal immunochemical testing or primary colonoscopy: An analysis of health equity based on a randomised trial.

Background: We have addressed health equity attained by fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and primary colonoscopy (PCOL), respectively, in the randomised controlled screening trial SCREESCO conducted in Sweden.

Methods: We analysed data on the individuals recruited between March 2014, and March 2020, within the study registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02078804.

Mortality in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer-A long-term follow-up of a population-based real-world cohort.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to find clinical variables that predict the prognosis for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in a Swedish real-life CRPC cohort, including a risk group classification to clarify the risk of succumbing to prostate cancer. This is a natural history cohort representing the premodern drug era before the introduction of novel hormonal drug therapies.

Methods: PSA tests from the clinical chemistry laboratories serving health care in six regions of Sweden were retrieved and cross-linked to the National Prostate Cancer Registry (NPCR) to identify men with a prostate cancer diagnosis.

Once-only colonoscopy or two rounds of faecal immunochemical testing 2 years apart for colorectal cancer screening (SCREESCO): preliminary report of a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Screening for colorectal cancer is done with lower gastrointestinal endoscopy or stool-based tests. There is little evidence from randomised trials to show primary colonoscopy reduces mortality in colorectal cancer. We aimed to investigate the effect of screening with once-only colonoscopy or two rounds of faecal immunochemical test screening on colorectal cancer mortality and incidence.