Bilateral cavitary otosclerosis: a rare presentation of otosclerosis and cause of hearing loss.

Cavitary otosclerosis is a rare presentation of otosclerosis, especially when it involves the anterior wall of the internal auditory canal. Recognizing the computed tomographic imaging features of this process is crucial since cavitary otosclerosis may be a cause of a "third window phenomenon", resulting in conductive hearing loss and can cause cerebrospinal fluid leak and electrode misplacement at cochlear implantation. We present a case of bilateral cavitary otosclerosis in a patient with gradual hearing loss followed by a review of literature of this rare but important entity.

Head and neck high-field imaging: oncology applications.

Head and neck imaging has benefited from 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, providing faster sequences, better soft tissue evaluation, and 3-axis imaging, with less radiation and iodine-based contrast injection. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved human MR imaging at high-field strength up to 4 T in clinical practice.

Evaluation of incidentally discovered adrenal masses with PET and PET/CT.

Background And Purpose: Incidentally discovered adrenal masses are commonly seen with high resolution diagnostic imaging performed for indications other than adrenal disease. Although the majority of these masses are benign and non-secretory, their unexpected discovery prompts further biochemical and often repeated imaging evaluations, sufficient to identify hormonally active adrenal masses and/or primary or metastatic neoplasms to the adrenal(s). In the present paper we investigate the role of PET and PET/CT for the detection of adrenal incidentalomas in comparison with CT and MRI.

Systemic air embolism after transthoracic lung biopsy: A case report and review of literature.

Computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy is a common diagnostic procedure that is associated with various complications, including pneumothorax, hemoptysis and parenchymal hemorrhage. Systemic air embolism is a very rare (0.07%) but potentially life-threatening complication.

Computed tomography imaging of acute neck inflammatory processes.

Early diagnosis and management of neck infections and inflammatory processes is a common challenge for emergency and ear, neck and throat physicians, as well as radiologists. Emergency neck infections are diverse in their presentation, ranging from a transient enlargement of a lymph node to a rapidly spreading necrotizing fasciitis. Symptoms and signs, with the clinical history, usually suggest the diagnosis.

Emergency head & neck imaging: infections and inflammatory processes.

Neck infections are fairly common in the emergency setting, affecting a broad spectrum of the patient population. Care should be taken not only to distinguish these conditions from other noninfectious origin such as malignancy but also to guide acute clinical management. A familiarity with neck anatomy, the imaging modalities used for investigation of such conditions, as well as common findings on imaging are critical to the care of affected patients.

Incidentally-discovered adrenal masses.

Unanticipated adrenal masses are frequently encountered in modern, high resolution diagnostic imaging. Most often, these masses are benign adrenal adenomas, but when detected they necessitate a clinical evaluation sufficient to exclude subclinical endocrine disease, primary adrenal cancer, and remote metastases to the adrenal glands from other malignancies. These "incidentally-discovered" adrenal masses or so-called "adrenal incidentalomas" can be further evaluated with CT, MRI, and nuclear medicine imaging techniques.

Contemporary imaging of incidentally discovered adrenal masses.

The incidental discovery of adrenal masses during modern diagnostic imaging is a common occurrence. These masses form part of a long differential diagnostic list; most often, they are benign adrenal adenomas, but their discovery requires a clinical evaluation that is sufficiently broad to exclude clinically silent endocrine disease, metastases to the adrenal gland in patients with suspected or known malignancies, and rare adrenocortical carcinomas. CT, MRI and nuclear medicine approaches have all been used to evaluate incidentally discovered adrenal masses.

Diffuse skeletal muscle F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in advanced primary muscle non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A 65-year-old man newly diagnosed with primary muscular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma underwent staging F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). This demonstrated striking FDG uptake involving multiple skeletal muscles. Although a variety of factors may result in diffuse skeletal muscle FDG uptake, the heterogeneity and degree of FDG muscle activity, concomitant muscle enlargement, and clinical picture represent an unusual case of advanced primary muscular lymphoma.