A previous investigation of the radiculomedullary vascular distribution of the human spinal cord showed an immediate filling of the peripheral spinal veins during arterial injections. Because the perfused medium, a mixture of latex and India ink, had a sufficient viscosity to preclude capillary passage, an extensive system of arteriovenous anastomoses (AVA) was indicated. The injection of five additional anatomic cadaver spinal cords was undertaken to specifically determine the intraparenchymal position and structure of these AVA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol
May 2004
Bone regenerates following amputation through the level of the nail, but bone is capped following amputation through more proximal levels. Because osteogenesis requires an ample blood supply, we postulated that a restricted vascular supply might be correlated with restricted regenerative ability at proximal levels. More than 40 rats and mice were injected with ink or resin to visualize vascular supplies of intact, regenerating, and nonregenerating rat and mouse digits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe right bronchus of the short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda, terminates in a nonrespiratory pulmonary appendix (PA) containing two bronchial extensions. The experimentally demonstrated ability of these structures to collect and peristaltically expel aspirated material was initially assumed to be a sufficient reason for their developmental persistence, but as bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) became a subject of immunologic interest in other species, a possible immunologic role for the concentrations of BALT observed in the shrew PA were investigated. As the BALT of the PA contained many well-differentiated plasma cells and numerous particle-containing macrophages, 6-mu paraffin sections were treated with an immunoperoxidase avidin-biotin preparation that chromogenically identified alpha chains of IgA in many of the PA plasma cells and their associated luminal secretions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpine (Phila Pa 1976)
February 2002
Study Design: A descriptive anatomic investigation of the vasculature of the dorsal root ganglions.
Objectives: To determine whether the blood supply of the various spinal ganglions is sufficiently consistent to derive a "generic" description and illustration that would be applicable to all spinal levels, and to ascertain whether this vascular pattern is inherently predisposed to the development of a closed compartment syndrome.
Summary Of Background Data: The few previous descriptions of spinal ganglionic vasculature do not include photographic evidence showing uniformity in the arterial distribution plan at all ganglionic levels.