Workflows for detecting fungicide resistance in net form and spot form net blotch pathogens.

Background: Fungicide resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. maculata and P. teres f.

Parallel evolution of multiple mechanisms for demethylase inhibitor fungicide resistance in the barley pathogen Pyrenophora teres f. sp. maculata.

The fungal pathogen Pyrenophora teres f. sp. maculata (Ptm), responsible for spot-form of net blotch (SFNB), is currently the most significant disease of barley in Australia and a major disease worldwide.

Demethylase Inhibitor Fungicide Resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. sp. teres Associated with Target Site Modification and Inducible Overexpression of Cyp51.

Pyrenophora teres f. sp. teres is the cause of net form of net blotch (NFNB), an economically important foliar disease in barley (Hordeum vulgare).

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target-site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides.

Evolved resistance to fungicides is a major problem limiting our ability to control agricultural, medical and veterinary pathogens and is frequently associated with substitutions in the amino acid sequence of the target protein. The convention for describing amino acid substitutions is to cite the wild-type amino acid, the codon number and the new amino acid, using the one-letter amino acid code. It has frequently been observed that orthologous amino acid mutations have been selected in different species by fungicides from the same mode of action class, but the amino acids have different numbers.