Exploring Matrine and Oxymatrine as Potential Bioinsecticide to Control Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae).

A bottleneck in sustainable fruit production is the replacement of chemical products with natural compounds. Matrine and oxymatrine, derived from a Chinese medicinal herb, have exhibited potential for controlling agricultural pests. However, there is no information regarding their effectiveness in managing dipterans.

Branched-chain α-ketoacids aerobically activate HIF1α signalling in vascular cells.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is a master regulator of biological processes in hypoxia. Yet, the mechanisms and biological consequences of aerobic HIF1α activation by intrinsic factors, particularly in normal (primary) cells, remain elusive. Here we show that HIF1α signalling is activated in several human primary vascular cells in normoxia and in vascular smooth muscle cells of normal human lungs.

Nanoparticle delivery of VEGF and SDF-1α as an approach for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Endothelial dysfunction is an underlying mechanism for the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF) may help repair the dysfunctional endothelium and provide treatment for PAH. To examine this possibility, nanoparticles carrying human recombinant VEGF and SDF (VEGFNP and SDFNP) were aerosolized into the lungs of nude rats at Day 14 after monocrotaline (MCT) injection and analyses were performed at Day 28.

Mitochondrial Variation in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii: Phylogeographic Legacy and Mitonuclear Associations With Metabolic Resistance to Pathogens and Insecticides.

Mitochondrial DNA has been a popular marker in phylogeography, phylogeny, and molecular ecology, but its complex evolution is increasingly recognized. Here, we investigated mitochondrial DNA variation in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii, in relation to other species in the Anopheles gambiae complex, by assembling the mitogenomes of 1,219 mosquitoes across Africa. The mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of the Anopheles gambiae complex was consistent with previously reported highly reticulated evolutionary history, revealing important discordances with the species tree.

Seasonal migration patterns of Siberian Rubythroat (Calliope calliope) facing the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Background: Small songbirds respond and adapt to various geographical barriers during their annual migration. Global flyways reveal the diverse migration strategies in response to different geographical barriers, among which are high-elevation plateaus. However, few studies have been focused on the largest and highest plateau in the world, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) which poses a significant barrier to migratory passerines.

Branched chain α-ketoacids aerobically activate HIF1α signaling in vascular cells.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is a master regulator of numerous biological processes under low oxygen tensions. Yet, the mechanisms and biological consequences of aerobic HIF1α activation by intrinsic factors, particularly in primary cells remain elusive. Here, we show that HIF1α signaling is activated in several human primary vascular cells under ambient oxygen tensions, and in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of normal human lung tissue, which contributed to a relative resistance to further enhancement of glycolytic activity in hypoxia.

Studying foraging behavior to improve bait sprays application to control Drosophila suzukii.

Background: Foraging behavior in insects is optimised for locating scattered resources in a complex environment. This behavior can be exploited for use in pest control. Inhibition of feeding can protect crops whereas stimulation can increase the uptake of insecticides.

Sex-Specific Transcriptomic Changes in the Villous Tissue of Placentas of Pregnant Women Using a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.

About 5% of pregnant women are treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants to treat their depression. SSRIs influence serotonin levels, a key factor in neural embryonic development, and their use during pregnancy has been associated with adverse effects on the developing embryo. However, the role of the placenta in transmitting these negative effects is not well understood.

Studying full-shift inhalation exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among Latino workers in very small-sized beauty salons and auto repair shops.

Background: One in every 200 US jobs is in a beauty salon or auto repair shop, where workers are regularly exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that may cause a range of short- and long-term health issues. In these shops, Latino workers are overrepresented and lack culturally and linguistically appropriate industrial hygiene resources. This leaves a gap in knowledge on inhalation exposures to VOCs in this hard-to-reach and ubiquitous worker population.

The effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (EMDR4IBS).

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent disorder for which treatment options such as medication, diets, and hypnotherapy either have shown limited effect or relieve symptoms in only a limited subset of patients. Abdominal pain is the key criterion for the diagnosis and is deemed the most distressing IBS symptom, and the most disruptive of everyday life. A growing body of research demonstrates the effect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on chronic pain.

Deep learned representations of the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram to predict at peak exercise.

Aims: To leverage deep learning on the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to estimate peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) without cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

Methods And Results: V ˙ O 2 peak estimation models were developed in 1891 individuals undergoing CPET at Massachusetts General Hospital (age 45 ± 19 years, 38% female) and validated in a separate test set (MGH Test, n = 448) and external sample (BWH Test, n = 1076). Three penalized linear models were compared: (i) age, sex, and body mass index ('Basic'), (ii) Basic plus standard ECG measurements ('Basic + ECG Parameters'), and (iii) basic plus 320 deep learning-derived ECG variables instead of ECG measurements ('Deep ECG-V˙O2').

Transcriptomic Analysis of Light-Induced Genes in : Possible Implications for Circadian Light Entrainment Pathways.

Circadian entrainment to the environmental day-night cycle is essential for the optimal use of environmental resources. In insects, opsin-based photoreception in the compound eye and ocelli and CRYPTOCHROME1 (CRY1) in circadian clock neurons are thought to be involved in sensing photic information, but the genetic regulation of circadian light entrainment in species without light-sensitive CRY1 remains unclear. To elucidate a possible CRY1-independent light transduction cascade, we analyzed light-induced gene expression through RNA-sequencing in .

Circadian entrainment to red-light Zeitgebers and action spectrum for entrainment in the jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis.

Light is the most important environmental cue for the circadian system of most organisms to stay synchronized to daily environmental changes. Like many other insects, the wasp Nasonia vitripennis has trichromatic compound eye-based colour vision and is sensitive to the light spectrum ranging from UV to green. We recently described a red-sensitive, ocelli-based photoreceptor, but its contribution to circadian entrainment remains unclear.

Restoring Balance: a physical activity intervention for Native American cancer survivors and their familial support persons.

Introduction/purpose: Exercise interventions among Native American cancer survivors are lacking, despite major cancer health disparities in survivorship. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a 12-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) of culturally tailored exercise on cancer risk biomarkers and quality of life among Native American cancer survivors and family members.

Methods: Participants were randomized to immediate start versus 6-week waitlist control at two rural and two urban sites.

Phenological mismatch affects individual fitness and population growth in the winter moth.

Climate change can severely impact species that depend on temporary resources by inducing phenological mismatches between consumer and resource seasonal timing. In the winter moth, warmer winters caused eggs to hatch before their food source, young oak leaves, became available. This phenological mismatch changed the selection on the temperature sensitivity of egg development rate.

Rapid but narrow - Evolutionary adaptation and transcriptional response of Drosophila melanogaster to toxic mould.

Insects have adapted to a multitude of environmental conditions, including the presence of xenobiotic noxious substances. Environmental microorganisms, particularly rich on ephemeral resources, employ these noxious chemicals in a chemical warfare against predators and competitors, driving co-evolutionary adaptations. In order to analyse how environmental microbes may be driving such evolutionary adaptations, we experimentally evolved Drosophila melanogaster populations by exposing larvae to the toxin-producing mould Aspergillus nidulans that infests the flies' breeding substrate.

Oxylipins as Biomarkers for Aromatase Inhibitor-Induced Arthralgia (AIA) in Breast Cancer Patients.

Aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia (AIA) presents a major problem for patients with breast cancer but is poorly understood. This prospective study explored the inflammatory metabolomic changes in the development of AIA. This single-arm, prospective clinical trial enrolled 28 postmenopausal women with early-stage (0-3) ER+ breast cancer starting adjuvant anastrozole.

Dietary Supplement Use in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer.

Background: Vitamins, minerals, and natural product (NP)-derived dietary supplements are commonly used among women with breast cancer, where interactions with treatments and the disease are possible, emphasizing the importance for health care providers to be aware of supplement use.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate current vitamin/mineral (VM) and NP supplement use among those diagnosed with breast cancer, including usage based on tumor type or concurrent breast cancer treatments and primary information sources for specific supplements.

Methods: Social media recruiting to complete an online questionnaire self-reporting current VM and NP use and breast cancer diagnosis and treatment information primarily attracted US participants.

Integrative medicine in multiple myeloma and plasma cell disorders.

Introduction: Integrative Medicine (IM) use and efficacy is poorly defined in those with plasma cell disorders (PCD). A 69-question survey on the subject was hosted on HealthTree.org for 3 months.

Circadian rhythm entrainment of the jewel wasp, , by antagonistic interactions of multiple spectral inputs.

Circadian light entrainment in some insects is regulated by blue-light-sensitive cryptochrome (CRY) protein that is expressed in the clock neurons, but this is not the case in hymenopterans. The hymenopteran clock does contain CRY, but it appears to be light-insensitive. Therefore, we investigated the role of retinal photoreceptors in the photic entrainment of the jewel wasp .