Intraventricular Pressure in Non-communicating Hydrocephalus Patients Before Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy.

Background: In patients with non-communicating hydrocephalus impairment of cerebral compliance can occur pre- but also intraoperatively.

Methodology: In such patients (n = 6) undergoing endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), the present study aimed to investigate the effect of ETCO2 (e.g 40 mmHg and 60 mmHg) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) (e.

How Bispectral Index Compares to Spectral Entropy of the EEG and A-line ARX Index in the Same Patient.

Background: Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring of depth of anesthesia has pioneered the field for more recent monitoring devices like the A-line ARX Index (AAI) or the state (SE) and response entropy (RE) monitoring devices. Following an observational design the present study aimed to simultaneously compare in the same patient recorded BIS, AAI and entropy values.

Methods: Data from patients (n = 32) undergoing minor gynecological operations were analyzed.

Perioperative management of liver surgery-review on pathophysiology of liver disease and liver failure.

An increasing number of patients present for liver surgery. Given the complex pathophysiological changes in chronic liver disease (CLD), it is pivotal to understand the fundamentals of chronic and acute liver failure. This review will give an overview on related organ dysfunction as well as recommendations for perioperative management and treatment of liver failure-related symptoms.

Sonographic diagnosis of catheter malposition in a patient with postoperative plexus lesion after right internal jugular vein catheterization--case report.

Purpose: Postoperative brachial plexus lesion has been reported only rarely after catheterization of the right internal jugular vein (RIJV), and then is usually considered to be the result of puncture hematoma.

Clinical Features: We here present the case of plexus brachialis injury after catheterization of the RIJV with ultrasonography showing direct compression of the plexus brachialis by a central venous catheter without evidence of puncture hematoma.

Conclusion: Every case of plexus brachialis injury after catheterization of the RIJV should be followed up by an emergency sonogram to rule out hematoma or catheter malposition.

Preoperative administration of esomeprazole has no influence on frequency of refluxes.

Study Objective: To examine the effect of esomeprazole in a fixed time setting on gastric content volume, gastric acidity, gastric barrier pressure, and reflux propensity.

Design: Randomized, controlled, double-blind trial.

Subjects: 21 healthy, ASA I physical status volunteers.

Tissue microarrays from renal cell tumors: exclusion criteria and rate of exclusion.

Objectives: Exclusion of tissue microarray (TMA) cores can cause the total loss of a tumor case, and this can have a potentially negative effect on the results of TMA-based studies. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the loss of informative cores having cut a given number of slices from a TMA block. A further objective was to investigate the effect in various subtypes of renal cell tumors and the detailed reasons for the loss of informative cores.

Perforated Meckel's diverticulum presenting as a gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a case report.

Tumors and perforation of Meckel's diverticulum are rare manifestations. A gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a Meckel's diverticulum causing perforation and subsequent peritonitis in a 75-year-old man is presented. The literature on tumors in Meckel's diverticulum is extensively reviewed and discussed.

Publication output in telemedicine during the period January 1964 to July 2003.

The MEDLINE database was used to survey the period January 1964 to July 2003 for the number of publications relating to telemedicine (n = 5911), as well as their distribution by country (n = 42). Publications per million inhabitants were then correlated with each country's population density, gross national product, human development index (HDI) and number of PCs per 1000 inhabitants. Telemedicine publications made up 0.

The effects of systolic arterial blood pressure variations on postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Unlabelled: In this clinical study, we tested the hypothesis that a marked systolic blood pressure decrease >35% (DeltaSBP >35%) from preanesthetic baseline during the induction and maintenance of anesthesia is associated with more postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). In 300 ASA physical status I and II women undergoing elective gynecological surgery with general anesthesia, the maximum DeltaSBP during the induction as well as maintenance of general anesthesia were calculated. Observers blinded to hemodynamic variables assessed the incidence of PONV.

Migration of human monocytes in response to procalcitonin.

Objective: Circulating serum levels of procalcitonin rise significantly during bacterial infection. Because calcitonin is known to be a monocyte chemoattractant, we investigated whether procalcitonin, a prohormone of calcitonin, also affects leukocyte migration.

Design: Prospective, controlled in vitro study.