Nitrite and nitric oxide are important in the adjustment of primary metabolism during the hypersensitive response in tobacco.

Nitrate and ammonia deferentially modulate primary metabolism during the hypersensitive response in tobacco. In this study, tobacco RNAi lines with low nitrite reductase (NiRr) levels were used to investigate the roles of nitrite and nitric oxide (NO) in this process. The lines accumulate NO2-, with increased NO generation, but allow sufficient reduction to NH4+ to maintain plant viability.

Prognostic Value of "Prepectoral Edema" in MR-mammography.

Background/aim: Previous studies have indicated a highly significant correlation between invasive tumors and accompanying prepectoral edema (PE) in MR-mammography (MRM). The aim of the present study was to identify prognostic factors associated with PE as a diagnostic sign.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,109 consecutive MRM exams were included in this study.

The value of "constant sharpness" as a diagnostic sign in MR-Mammography.

Purpose: To examine "constant lesion sharpness" as a morphological diagnostic sign in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions.

Material And Methods: This prospective study had institutional review board approval and was HIPAA compliant. In total 1014 consecutive patients were examined (mean age 55 years ± 13 years) and evaluated in our University hospital towards the morphological shape of the lesion borders.

Perirenal Edema as a potential hint towards primary hypertension-Preliminary findings in MRI breast cancer staging.

Purpose: To demonstrate our primary findings, indicating perirenal edema as a first imaging sign towards primary hypertension.

Methods: Out of 3190 consecutive MR-Mammography (MRM) examinations, 777 were performed with an additional body array coil. Incidentally, "perirenal edema" could be linked to a patient history of hypertension.

Focal transitional mastitis in MR-Mammography: Preliminary findings.

Purpose: During clinical routine, we retrospectively discovered diagnostic criteria for "focal mastitis" in MR-Mammography (MRM). The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate these criteria.

Methods: 1975 consecutive patients were examined between 01/2010 and 12/2011.

Methods to Detect Nitric Oxide in Plants: Are DAFs Really Measuring NO?

Nitric oxide, a gaseous radical molecule, appears involved in many reactions in all living organisms. Fluorescent dyes like DAF-2 and related compounds are still widely used to monitor NO production inside or outside cells, although doubts about their specificity have recently been raised. We present evidence that DAF dyes do not only react with nitric oxide but also with peroxidase enzyme and hydrogen peroxide.

Is "prepectoral edema" a morphologic sign for malignant breast tumors?

Rationale And Objectives: A variety of morphologic and kinetic signs of benign or malignant breast lesions contribute to a final diagnosis and differential diagnosis in magnetic resonance (MR) mammography (MRM). As a new sign, prepectoral edema (PE) in patients without any history of previous biopsy, operation, radiation, or chemotherapy was detected during routine breast MR examinations. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the role of this morphologic sign in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

4D co-registration of X-ray and MR-mammograms: initial clinical results and potential incremental diagnostic value.

Purpose: 4D co-registration of X-ray- and MR-mammograms (XM and MM) is a new method of image fusion. The present study aims to evaluate its clinical feasibility, radiological accuracy, and potential clinical value.

Methods: XM and MM of 25 patients were co-registered.

Lesion type and reader experience affect the diagnostic accuracy of breast MRI: a multiple reader ROC study.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of lesion type (mass versus non-mass) and reader experience on the diagnostic performance of breast MRI (BMRI) in a non-screening setting.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients (mean age, 55 ± 12 years) with breast lesions that were verified by biopsy or surgery, and who had had BMRI as part of their diagnostic workup, were eligible for this retrospective single-center study. Cancers diagnosed by biopsy before BMRI were excluded to eliminate biological and interpretation bias due to biopsy or chemotherapy effects (n=103).

Breast pathology after cryotherapy. Histological regression of breast cancer after cryotherapy.

A breast saving treatment is contemporary the preferred method of treatment with comparable results in comparing with mastectomy. In this study were evaluated the effects of cryotherapy by histological verification of changes in post treatment resection specimens. Fifty-three patients in age of 38-81 year with histologically confirmed breast cancer in needle biopsies were managed by cryotherapy between 1999 and 2007.

Assessment of rat antigen-induced arthritis and its suppression during glucocorticoid therapy by use of hemicyanine dye probes with different molecular weight in near-infrared fluorescence optical imaging.

Purpose: Arthritic joints are ideal disease entities to be assessed via optical imaging. Here, we investigated the selective accumulation behavior of two differently sized hemicyanine optical probes in arthritic joints and its modification during glucocorticoid therapy in the course of inflammation.

Materials And Methods: The well-standardized preclinical antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) model in rats was used.

Liposomal encapsulation of a near-infrared fluorophore enhances fluorescence quenching and reliable whole body optical imaging upon activation in vivo.

In the past decade, there has been significant progress in the development of water soluble near-infrared fluorochromes for use in a wide range of imaging applications. Fluorochromes with high photo and thermal stability, sensitivity, adequate pharmacological properties and absorption/emission maxima within the near infrared window (650-900 nm) are highly desired for in vivo imaging, since biological tissues show very low absorption and auto-fluorescence at this spectrum window. Taking these properties into consideration, a myriad of promising near infrared fluorescent probes has been developed recently.

Multifactorial diagnostic NIR imaging of CCK2R expressing tumors.

Optical imaging-based diagnostics identify malignancies based on molecular changes instead of morphological criteria in a non-invasive, irradiation free process. The aim of this study was to improve imaging efficiency by the development of a new Cholecystokinin-2-receptor targeted fluorescent peptide that matches the clinical needs regarding biodistribution and pharmacokinetics while displaying superior target specificity. Furthermore we performed multifactorial imaging of Cholecystokinin-2-receptor and tumor metabolism, since simultaneous targeting of various tumor biomarkers could intensely increase tumor identification and characterization.