A pilot program of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Thai youth.

Introduction: There are gaps in knowledge and experience of antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery in adolescents.

Methods: This pilot study enrolled Thai adolescents 14-20 year-old without HIV who reported risk behaviour. All participants were offered daily tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF-FTC) and followed for 24 weeks.

A Risk Prediction Model and Risk Score of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Following Healthcare-Related Exposure.

Hospital workers are at high risk of contact with COVID-19 patients. Currently, there is no evidence-based, comprehensive risk assessment tool for healthcare-related exposure; so, we aimed to identify independent factors related to COVID-19 infection in hospital workers following workplace exposure(s) and construct a risk prediction model. We analyzed the COVID-19 contact tracing dataset from 15 July to 31 December 2021 using multiple logistic regression analysis, considering exposure details, demographics, and vaccination history.

Depression and Anxiety in Youth and Young Adults Living with HIV: Frequency and Associated Factors in Thai Setting.

Integrative mental health care in HIV patients is an important contributor to successful therapy. This is a cross-sectional study in youth and young adults who attend routine HIV clinic at a tertiary care centre in Bangkok. We recruited 100 youth and 130 young adults living with HIV to evaluate the frequency of depression and anxiety and associated sociodemographic including sexual orientation and health-related behaviours.

Attitudes towards, knowledge about, and confidence to prescribe antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers in Thailand.

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (HIV-PrEP) is an effective method for preventing HIV transmission, and it is recommended in several international guidelines. Perceptions and knowledge about HIV-PrEP prescription among healthcare providers have not been investigated in Thailand where HIV-PrEP is a novel healthcare topic. The objective of study was to determine healthcare providers' attitudes towards, knowledge about, and confidence to prescribe HIV-PrEP in Thailand.

Raltegravir versus efavirenz in antiretroviral-naive pregnant women living with HIV (NICHD P1081): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 4 trial.

Background: Although antiretroviral regimens containing integrase inhibitors rapidly suppress HIV viral load in non-pregnant adults, few published data from randomised controlled trials have compared the safety and efficacy of any integrase inhibitor to efavirenz when initiated during pregnancy. We compared safety and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy with either raltegravir or efavirenz in late pregnancy.

Methods: An open-label, randomised controlled trial was done at 19 hospitals and clinics in Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Tanzania, Thailand, and the USA.

Efficacy and safety of de-escalation therapy to ertapenem for treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: an open-label randomized controlled trial.

Background: Carbapenem antibiotics are considered the treatment of choice for serious extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infections. The study objectives were to evaluate efficacy and safety of de-escalation therapy to ertapenem for treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of adult patients with documented ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infections who had received any group 2 carbapenem for less than 96 h.

Serological response of patients with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09-associated pneumonia: an observational study.

Background: Little is known about the dynamics or magnitude of antibody response in patients with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09-associated pneumonia. We described and compared the antibody response to influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 in patients with and without pneumonia.

Methods: We collected serum samples and determined antibody titers by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (mNT) assays from patients with RT-PCR confirmed influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus at baseline, 1, 2 and 6 months after onset of illness.

Oseltamivir and inhaled zanamivir as influenza prophylaxis in Thai health workers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety trial over 16 weeks.

Objectives: Long-term chemoprophylaxis using neuraminidase inhibitors may be needed during influenza epidemics but safety data are limited to several weeks. We sought to assess the tolerability of oseltamivir and zanamivir as primary prophylaxis over 16 weeks.

Methods: We conducted a parallel group, double blind, 2 (active drug) :1 (placebo) randomized trial of oral oseltamivir/placebo or inhaled zanamivir/placebo over 16 weeks in healthy, Thai hospital professionals at two Bangkok hospitals.

Effectiveness and safety of generic formulation of meropenem (Penem) for treatment of infections at Siriraj Hospital.

Objective: Generic meropenem (Penem) has been available and was substituted for original meropenem in Siriraj Hospital, but its effectiveness and safety for treatment of infection in clinical setting are the main concern.

Material And Method: From July 2007 to July 2010, hospitalized patients aged 18 or older who received meropenem for at least 48 hours were identified retrospectively from the pharmacy database of Siriraj Hospital. 260 patients per group were required to demonstrate non-inferiority of generic meropenem (Penem) versus original meropenem in term of overall favorable outcome.

Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial pneumonia in tertiary care hospitals in Thailand.

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the common causative pathogens in NP. The prevalence of multi-drug resistance in A.

Monitoring of effectiveness and safety of generic formulation of meropenem for treatment of infections at Siriraj Hospital.

Objective: In Siriraj Hospital, generic meropenem (Monem) has been available and was substituted for original meropenem, but the effectiveness and safety of using generic meropenem in a clinical setting are the main concern.

Material And Method: From July 2007 to June 2009, hospitalized patients aged 18 or older who received meropenem for 48 hours were identified from the pharmacy database of Siriraj hospital. A retrospective study was conducted.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults at Siriraj Hospital: etiology, clinical outcomes, and impact of antimicrobial resistance.

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia (NP), hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. One of the factors contributing to a high mortality rate of HAP and VAP could be antibiotic resistance among the causative agents.

Objective: To determine prevalence of bacterial pathogens clinical features, risk factors of HAP and VAP, antimicrobial resistance among major respiratory pathogens, clinical implication of antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial regimens used, and treatment outcomes of adult patients with HAP and VAP at Siriraj Hospital.