The Predictive Value of Mutations on Efficiency of Immunotherapy in Melanoma.

Background: genes are mutated in approximately 8% of melanoma patients; however, the impact of gene alterations on the efficiency of immunotherapy has not been clarified. This study focused on the correlation between gene mutations and the treatment response.

Methods: Six metastatic melanoma clinical cohorts treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors [anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)] were recruited in this study.

Comprehensive analysis of DNA damage repair deficiency in 10,284 pan-cancer study.

Background: Disruption of the DNA damage repair (DDR) gene is related to cancer progression, treatment selection, and is subjected to radiation and targeted therapies with limited success. This paper conducted a comprehensive analysis to explore the distribution of DDR mutations in Chinese pan-cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 10,284 consecutive cases were analyzed in 24 cancer types [non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) 29.

Neoadjuvant programmed death-1 blockade plus chemotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy is effective in treating unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but little is known about its role in the preoperative setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment with camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in locally advanced ESCC.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with locally advanced ESCC were retrospectively included if they had received neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel and S1 capsule followed by radical esophagectomy between November, 2019 and June, 2020 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.

KEAP1/NFE2L2 Mutations of Liquid Biopsy as Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results From Two Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trials.

Purpose: The KEAP1-NFE2L2 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2)) mutations are associated with resistance to chemotherapy or immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Conversely, it has been reported that NFE2L2 mutations potentiate improved clinical outcome with immunotherapy. However, therapeutic benefits for patients with KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutations remain unclear.

Co-amplification of genes in chromosome 8q24: a robust prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of tumor-associated death worldwide, owing to its high 5-year postoperative recurrence rate and inter-individual heterogeneity. Thus, a prognostic model is urgently needed for patients with HCC. Several researches have reported that copy number amplification of the 8q24 chromosomal region is associated with low survival in many cancers.

MET Amplification Attenuates Lung Tumor Response to Immunotherapy by Inhibiting STING.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer therapy. However, the response of patients to ICB is difficult to predict. Here, we examined 81 patients with lung cancer under ICB treatment and found that patients with amplification were resistant to ICB and had a poor progression-free survival.

A next-generation sequencing-based strategy combining microsatellite instability and tumor mutation burden for comprehensive molecular diagnosis of advanced colorectal cancer.

Background: Mismatch repair (MMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) are independent biomarkers that complement each other for predicting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) efficacy. Here we aim to establish a strategy that integrates MSI and TMB determination for colorectal cancer (CRC) in one single assay.

Methods: Surgical or biopsy specimens retrospectively collected from CRC patients were subjected to NGS analysis.

EPHA mutation as a predictor of immunotherapeutic efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Ephrin type-A receptors (EPHA) are members of family of receptor tyrosine kinases and are related to tumor immunogenicity and immune microenvironment, however, the association between mutation ( ) and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has not been investigated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Multiple cohorts were used to assess the immunotherapeutic predictive performance of , including one discovery cohort (n=79) and two public validation cohort (cohort 1: NSCLC, n=165; cohort 2: pan-cancer, n=1662). The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort was used for prognostic analysis and mechanism exploration.

A Novel Ten-Gene Signature Predicting Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a dismal long-term outcome. We aimed to construct a multi-gene model for prognosis prediction to inform HCC management. The cancer-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using RNA-seq data of paired tumor and normal tissue.

Development and validation of a preoperative noninvasive predictive model based on circular tumor DNA for lymph node metastasis in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Clinical lymph node staging in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients not only indicates prognosis, but also determines primary treatment strategy. The demand of noninvasive tool for preoperative lymph node metastasis prediction remains significant. This study aimed to develop and externally validate a preoperative noninvasive predictive model based on circular tumor DNA (ctDNA) for the lymph node metastasis in resectable NSCLC patients.

Primary Resistance to Brigatinib in a Patient with Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring G1202R Mutation and Rearrangement.

Purpose: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase () inhibitors have transformed the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with gene rearrangement. This paper reports a new resistance mechanism to a second-generation ALK inhibitor, brigatinib.

Case Report: A 43-year-old woman who had no history of smoking was diagnosed with stage IVa (T2bN2M1b) lung adenocarcinoma.