[Bolus injection of anisoylated plasminogen-streptokinase activator complex (BRL 26921) as an alternative concept of systemic lysis in acute myocardial infarct].

The thrombolytic properties of anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (BRL 26921) and clinical results of the treatment were studied in 10 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction. Exclusion criteria were general contraindications against thrombolytic therapy and a time interval of more than 4 h between the onset of symptoms and admission to the hospital. All patients received a 250-mg bolus of prednisolone prior to intravenous injection of 30 mg BRL 26921 within 2 min.

[Determination of reference ranges of rheologic parameters: study of 653 randomly selected probands of the Aachen district].

To determine reference ranges for rheologic parameters (hematocrit, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation, erythrocyte rigidity) a randomized study involving 653 subjects was carried out. Conditions of sampling, transportation and storing of blood specimens were established prior to the survey. Only 283 subjects met the criteria for enrollment in the study; the others were rejected because of inconspicuous history, normal findings in physical and Doppler-sonographic examination and absence of the risk factors hypertension, diabetes mellitus, overweight, rheumatic diseases, and smoking.

Comparative study of intranasal, subcutaneous and intravenous administration of desamino-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP).

This study was performed to evaluate the influence of different routes of administration on the efficacy of DDAVP treatment. Ten healthy volunteers received DDAVP intranasally (i.n.

[Fibrinolytic treatment of deep vein thrombosis and lung embolism].

Selective evaluation prior to determining the indication for thrombolytic therapy is just as important for therapeutic success as choosing the appropriate fibrinolytic agent. During this initial stage, the localization, age, extension, and possible consequences of the thrombosis must be determined with suitable as well as specific methods. Selection of the fibrinolytic agent and careful monitoring of the thrombolysis should ensure a maximum therapeutic effect with a minimum of bleeding complications.

[Clinical aspects of acquired antithrombin III deficiency].

The significance of acquired antithrombin III (AT III) deficiency must be interpreted in close relation to the underlying disease process. In patients with acute or chronic liver impairment, the AT III activity is related to a decrease of procoagulatory factors, whereas, in protein loss syndromes such as nephrotic syndrome, the AT III indicates an increased risk of thromboembolic events. The effect of oral contraceptives (OC) on AT III levels in young healthy females (n = 30) was determined prospectively.

[Successful treatment of superior mesenteric artery thrombosis with local high-dose urokinase therapy].

A 56 year old man presented with increasing abdominal pain. He suffered from arterial occlusive disease with occlusion of the right A. iliaca communis.

Gray platelet syndrome: selective alpha-granule deficiency and thrombocytopenia due to increased platelet turnover.

Clinical and laboratory studies of two siblings, both suffering from gray platelet syndrome (GPS) are described. The patients had a mild bleeding disorder, their platelets were blue-gray in panoptic stains, and alpha-granules were markedly reduced, as shown by electron microscopy. The platelet content of platelet factor 4 and that of beta-thromboglobulin were significantly reduced (3%-7% of normal).

Combined dys-form of homozygous factor XI deficiency and heterozygous factor XII deficiency.

A 12-year-old girl with lifelong hemorrhagic episodes was found to have both a dys-form of homozygous factor XI deficiency and heterozygous factor XII deficiency. The heredity of the coagulation defects was confirmed by family studies. Severe bleeding after dental surgery occurred in spite of replacement therapy and local measures including fibrin glue.

The use of heat-treated Factor VIII-concentrates in von Willebrand's disease.

In vitro investigations have demonstrated a high F VIII:Rcof potency and a high F VIII:Rcof/F VIII R:Ag ratio of two heat-treated F VIII concentrates. We therefore studied the in vivo effectiveness of these preparations (F VIII HSR, Behringwerke Marburg and F VIII HTR, Travenol) in five patients with von Willebrand's disease (vWd). In the steady state in vivo recoveries of F VIII:Rcof ranged from 73-153% after transfusion of F VIII HSR and from 11.

[Treatment of von Willebrand-Jürgens syndrome with "hepatitis-free" factor VIII concentrates].

In five patients with von Willebrand's disease the haemostatic effect of heat-treated factor VIII concentrates was examined. For comparison, small-pool cryoprecipitate was used. All three preparations (Factor VIII-HT Hyland, Factor VIII HS Behringwerke, Kryobulin SP) were shown to improve abnormal laboratory findings, especially bleeding time, and at times even normalize them.

In vitro characterization of commercial Factor VIII concentrates: long-term follow-up.

Fifty batches of Factor VIII concentrates from 12 producers were characterized in a long-term follow-up. The following parameters were measured: Factor VIII: C, Factor VIIIR: AG, Factor VIII: Rcof, specific activity (U Factor VIII: C/mg protein), fibrinogen, IgG, IgM, IgA, isoagglutinins, Hbs-AG, heparin-like activity, thrombin-like activity, antithrombin III, Factor VIII-stability at room temperature, and the rate of complete dissolution of the lyophilizate. In most preparations there was an unacceptable batch-to-batch variation of both Factor VIII complex and contaminating proteins, which exceeded the inter-assay coefficient of variation of the applied test systems.

The subcutaneous administration of the vasopressin analogue 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin in patients with von Willebrand's disease and hemophilia.

Twenty-one patients suffering from mild von Willebrand's disease (vWd) and patients suffering from mild or moderate hemophilia A received 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) (Minirin, Ferring AG) s.c. at a dose of 0.

[Relevance of antithrombin III in thrombogenesis: the diagnosis and therapy of antithrombin III defects].

Pathological and inconspicuous AT III measuring values were compared with the clinical findings (arterial occlusive diseases, postthrombotic syndromes, acute profound thrombosis of the pelvic veins and the leg veins, acute heparin tolerance in several basic diseases). After calculatory elaboration of all rightly positive and falsely positive, rightly negative and falsely negative laboratory results becomes evident that the positive power of prognosis of the AT III determination is unsatisfactory for a certain basic disease and the negative evidence in these questionings rather well satisfy for the functional measuring method. - The sensitivity of the functional AT III test for the recognition of increased heparin tolerances is quite satisfactory, and the test for the answer of this questioning also suitable and more sensitive than the immunological proof method.

[Significance of disordered antithrombin III function in disseminated intravascular coagulation and deep venous thrombosis for anticoagulant therapy].

In patients with acute deep vein thrombosis of the pelvis and limbs and in patients with decompensating course of DICFS considerable defects in AT III function are regularly demonstrated by laboratory tests, while in groups including patients with old or less pronounced venous thrombosis or in patients with compensated or overcompensated consumption coagulopathy normal AT III values might frequently be expected. This seems to be of interest for the interpretation of laboratory data on AT III. However, from these findings AT III replacement cannot be deduced and they cannot be used as a criterion to assess the prognostic value of AT III deficiency for the course of the underlying disease.

Determination of factor XIII activity and of factor XIII inhibitors using an ammonium-sensitive electrode.

An assay for rapid factor XIII activity measurement has been developed based on the determination of the ammonium released during fibrin stabilization. Factor XIII was activated by thrombin and calcium. Ammonium was measured by an ammonium-sensitive electrode.

Detection of interaural differences of intensity in trains of high-frequency clicks as a function of interclick interval and number.

Listeners were asked to detect interaural differences of intensity in trains of 4000-Hz clicks as the interclick interval (ICI) was varied from 10 to 1 ms and the number of clicks in a train (n) was varied from 1 to 32. As has previously been shown for differences of time [Hafter and Dye, J. Acoust.

Arterial and venous thrombosis and normal response to streptokinase treatment in a young patient with severe Hageman factor deficiency.

The case history of a patient with severe factor XII deficiency (factor XII activity and concentration below 1%) is described. The case reported gives further evidence that factor XII deficiency leads to a prolonged euglobulin lysis time. This might be a risk factor indicating a proneness to thromboembolic events.

Thrombin-induced platelet malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in normal subjects and in women taking oral contraceptives.

Thrombin-induced platelet malondialdehyde (MDA) production and platelet count were studied in 82 male and 74 female healthy blood donors. 37 women on oral contraceptives (OC) had significantly lower values of MDA production than women who were not using the pill. There were no statistically significant differences of MDA production in women on a low dose estrogen, a medium dose, and a relatively high dose.

[The effect of biseptol and sodium salicylate administration on the concentration of serotonin and histamine and mono- and diamine oxidase activities in rat placenta].

It is known that two biogenic amines:serotonin and histamine, as well as the enzymes connected with their metabolism (mono- and diamine oxidase), play very important role in human and animal fetal development. We have investigated the effect of Biseptol and sodium salicylate administered to pregnant rats on the concentrations of serotonin and histamine and activities of the above mentioned enzymes in placenta. The obtained results showed that the administration of Biseptol has no influence on the serotonin concentration, whereas the administration of sodium salicylate caused slight increase of serotonin concentration in rat placenta.

Blood trauma during extracorporeal circulation: a comparison between two bubble and two membrane oxygenators in a standardized dog model.

Determination of blood traumatization by extracorporeal circulation systems (ECC) in clinical trials may be interfered with by the underlying heart disease, by priming the circuit with blood or plasma expanders and by different operation techniques requiring a variable amount of coronary suction. Therefore, in this study a standardized animal model was used to compare blood traumatization in 2 bubble and 2 membrane oxygenators. After 2 hours of extracorporeal circulation, there was no advantage of the membrane over the bubble oxygenators concerning hemolysis, platelet preservation and induction of clotting factors.

[Serotonin concentration in the placentas in experimental intrauterine growth retardation].

A number of investigators have shown that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) administration to pregnant animals produces changes in the placenta and leads to death of the fetuses. It has been well known that 5-HT is the most potent umbilical-placental vasoconstrictor and that its administration affects the nutritional function of the placenta. In view of these results it seemed desirable to determine 5-HT concentration in the placenta in experimental intrauterine growth retardation.