Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Respiratory Bacteria from Weaned Dairy Heifers.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading cause of mortality and antimicrobial drug (AMD) use in weaned dairy heifers. Limited information is available regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in respiratory bacteria in this population. This study determined AMR gene presence in 326 respiratory isolates (, , and ) from weaned dairy heifers using whole genome sequencing.

Searching for mechanisms driving root pressure in Zea mays-a transcriptomic approach.

While there are many theories and a variety of innovative datasets contributing to our understanding of the mechanism generating root pressure in vascular plants, we are still unable to produce a specific cellular mechanism for any species. To discover these mechanisms, we used RNA-Seq to explore differentially expressed genes in three different tissues between individual Zea mays plants expressing root pressure and those producing none. Working from the perspective that roots cells are utililizing a combination of osmotic exudation and hydraulic pressure mechanisms to generate positively-pressured flow of water into the xylem from the soil, we hypothesized that differential expression analysis would yield candidate genes coding for membrane transporters, ion channels, ATPases, and hormones with clear relevance to root pressure generation.

The Rare Presence of an Asymptomatic Os Sustentaculum in a Young Athlete.

The presence of an os sustentaculum bone is extremely rare. Given the scarcity of clinical literature reporting such a finding, the condition may be misdiagnosed as a fracture of the sustentaculum tali. We describe such an incident in a 16-year-old male athlete presenting for a recent ankle sprain with no other history of trauma or pain on the medial aspect of the ankle.

Perspectives of dairy employees at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey of health risks and educational needs.

Our objective was to understand dairy employees' perceptions and educational needs at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A bilingual (English and Spanish), anonymous survey targeted at dairy employees was circulated nationwide via university and allied industry media outlets. Responses (n = 63) from 11 states were received (May-Sep.

Pyrolysis of Methyl Formate and the Reaction of Methyl Formate with H Atoms: Shock Tube Experiments and Statistical Rate Theory.

Methyl formate (MF) is the smallest carboxylic ester and currently considered a promising alternative fuel. It can also serve as a model compound to study the combustion chemistry of the ester group, which is a typical structural feature in many biodiesel components. In the present work, the pyrolysis of MF was investigated behind reflected shock waves at temperatures between 1430 and 2070 K at a nominal pressure of 1.

Forecasting Institutional LINAC Utilization in Response to Varying Workload.

Pandemics, natural disasters, and other unforeseen circumstances can cause short-term variation in radiotherapy utilization. In this study, we aim to develop a model to forecast linear accelerator (LINAC) utilization during periods of varying workloads. Using computed tomography (CT)-simulation data and the rate of new LINAC appointment bookings in the preceding week as input parameters, a multiple linear regression model to forecast LINAC utilization over a 15-working day horizon was developed and tested on institutional data.

Improving farm-level antimicrobial stewardship benchmarks by reporting antimicrobial use within the context of both the magnitude of disease pressure and the outcome of therapy.

This manuscript explores a method of benchmarking antimicrobial use within the context of farm level therapeutic incidence (a proxy for disease incidence), and the outcome of that therapy. This is reported both within the same farm over time (2016-2019), as well as evaluated across participating farms. Reporting antimicrobial use in this format addresses multiple primary questions necessary for evaluating on farm antimicrobial stewardship: How much disease is recorded? How much antimicrobial use is recorded? How often are antimicrobials included in therapy for each disease? What is the outcome of therapy? The three primary metrics reported are: therapeutic events per 100 cow years (TE/100CY), antimicrobial regimens per 100 cow years (REG/100CY), and the percent therapeutic success (% Success).

A robust [C]acetate synthesis on a TRACERLab FX C pro module.

Carbon-11 labelled acetate ([C]acetate) is a radiotracer of importance in clinical practice as well as in preclinical research. The TRACERLab FX C Pro Synthesizer can be used this sensitive carboxylation reaction. Starting from 11 GBq [C]CO, we were able to isolate about 3 GBq [C]acetate after only 20 min reaction time (yield 56 ± 7%, n = 10).

The unimolecular decomposition of dimethoxymethane: channel switching as a function of temperature and pressure.

Branching ratios of competing unimolecular reactions often exhibit a complicated temperature and pressure dependence that makes modelling of complex reaction systems in the gas phase difficult. In particular, the competition between steps proceeding tight and loose transition states is known to present a problem. A recent example from the field of combustion chemistry is the unimolecular decomposition of CHOCHOCH (DMM), which is discussed as an alternative fuel accessible from sustainable sources.

Sevoflurane in combination with esketamine is an effective sedation regimen in COVID-19 patients enabling assisted spontaneous breathing even during prone positioning.

Background: Effective analgosedation for control of dyspnoea and for toleration of prone positioning (PP) in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is difficult to adjust. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of sedation with inhaled sevoflurane in combination with intravenous esketamine during PP in patients with COVID-19-ARDS (CARDS).

Methods: All mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients admitted to the departmental intensive care unit from March to June 2020 were included in this epidemiological cohort study.

A new concept for the production of C-labelled radiotracers.

Background: The GMP-compliant production of radiopharmaceuticals has been performed using disposable units (cassettes) with a dedicated synthesis module. To expand this "plug 'n' synthesize" principle to a broader scope of modules we developed a pressure controlled setup that offers an alternative to the usual stepper motor controlled rotary valves. The new concept was successfully applied to the synthesis of N-methyl-[C]choline, L-S-methyl-[C]methionine and [C]acetate.

Perspective of dairy producers from California, Idaho, South Dakota, and Washington: Health and business implications of the COVID-19 pandemic during the second wave.

The aim of this study was to document California, Idaho, South Dakota, and Washington dairy producers' perspectives on the health and business implications of COVID-19 during the pandemic second wave. Dairy producers were reached by a 14-question anonymous mail survey during June and July of 2020. We obtained 226 responses (response rate: 9.

In-vitro antibiotic resistance phenotypes of respiratory and enteric bacterial isolates from weaned dairy heifers in California.

Antimicrobial drug (AMD) use for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be concerning for development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in respiratory and enteric bacteria of cattle. This study aimed to provide data regarding AMR in respiratory isolates, and identify relationships between respiratory and enteric AMD susceptibility, in weaned dairy heifers. A cross-sectional study was performed between June of 2019 and February 2020, on 6 calf rearing facilities in California.

Dermal Discoloration Secondary to Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection Observed in Patients with Autoimmune Disorders.

Triamcinolone acetonide is a synthetic glucocorticoid used to treat numerous acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. The various side effects of this drug from parenteral administration are well documented in the literature. In this study, three patients present with a rare side effect of violaceous dermal pigmentation.

Drought-Induced Root Pressure in .

Root pressure, also manifested as profusive sap flowing from cut stems, is a phenomenon in some species that has perplexed biologists for much of the last century. It is associated with increased crop production under drought, but its function and regulation remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the initiation, mechanisms, and possible adaptive function of root pressure in six genotypes of during a drought experiment in the greenhouse.

Influence of steroids on hydrogen bonds in membranes assessed by near infrared spectroscopy.

The covalent OH bonds of water vibrate and absorb radiation in the near infrared (NIR) region at wavelengths that vary according to the strength of the bonds which, at the same time, are sensitive to the number and/or strength of hydrogen bonds. By means of multivariate analytical tools, such spectral shift was exploited to study the effect of temperature, 25-hydroxycholesterol and progesterone on the H-bonded network of water in DMPA membranes. Temperature was found as the dominating factor altering the NIR spectra of water and then the H-bonds.

Laser-driven x-ray and proton micro-source and application to simultaneous single-shot bi-modal radiographic imaging.

Radiographic imaging with x-rays and protons is an omnipresent tool in basic research and applications in industry, material science and medical diagnostics. The information contained in both modalities can often be valuable in principle, but difficult to access simultaneously. Laser-driven solid-density plasma-sources deliver both kinds of radiation, but mostly single modalities have been explored for applications.

Water-Window X-Ray Pulses from a Laser-Plasma Driven Undulator.

Femtosecond (fs) x-ray pulses are a key tool to study the structure and dynamics of matter on its natural length and time scale. To complement radio-frequency accelerator-based large-scale facilities, novel laser-based mechanisms hold promise for compact laboratory-scale x-ray sources. Laser-plasma driven undulator radiation in particular offers high peak-brightness, optically synchronized few-fs pulses reaching into the few-nanometer (nm) regime.

1,3-Carboboration of iodonium ylides.

Herein, we disclose the utilisation of iodonium ylides to access a range of boron dienolates. Heating of acyclic iodonium ylides in the presence of different aryl boranes leads to the formation of rare 1,3-carboboration products. This methodology could not be expanded to cyclic iodonium ylides which instead formed a Lewis acid-base adduct.

Development of a Collaboration Model between Two Cancer Centres to Maintain Patient Access to Radiation Therapy during the Replacement of a Sole CT Simulator at a Regional Cancer Centre.

Introduction: Replacement of a sole computed tomography (CT) simulator at a Regional Cancer Centre risks interruption of patient access to radiation therapy clinical services. This study reports a collaboration model between two cancer centres to maintain patient access to radiation therapy during the replacement period.

Methods: Representatives from each cancer centre collaborated to plan and facilitate offsite CT simulation.

Metal-Free Tandem Rearrangement/Lactonization: Access to 3,3-Disubstituted Benzofuran-2-(3H)-ones.

A novel metal-free synthesis of 3,3-disubstituted benzofuran-2-(3H)-ones through reacting α-aryl-α-diazoacetates with triarylboranes is presented. Initially, triarylboranes were successfully investigated in α-arylations of α-diazoacetates, however in the presence of a heteroatom in the ortho position, the boron enolate intermediate undergoes an intramolecular rearrangement to form a quaternary center. The intermediate cyclizes to afford valuable 3,3-disubstituted benzofuranones in good yields.

Evaluation of peer teaching and deliberate practice to teach veterinary surgery.

Objective: To assess the impact of peer teaching and deliberate practice on surgical skills acquisition and retention in first- and second-year veterinary students.

Study Design: Randomized, prospective, comparative study.

Sample Population: Eighteen first-year and 25 second-year students from 1 college of veterinary medicine who had previously demonstrated proficiency in basic surgical skills.