How the ecological structure affects the aesthetic atmosphere of the landscape: Evaluation of the landscape Beauty of Xingqing Palace Park in Xi'an.

In landscape appreciation, what tourists directly perceive is the atmosphere of the landscape. This paper introduces the concept of "Ecological Structure" from Gernot Böhme's theory of atmospheric aesthetics into the assessment of landscapes, utilizing atmosphere as a bridge between horticultural ecology, aesthetics, and culture. It examines the relationship between the objective environment and subjective perception.

Development and optimization of an effective method for evaluating habituation learning behavior in larval zebrafish.

Background: Habituation learning is a simple and conserved behavior in all organisms which could be induced by repeated stimuli. However, no standard and universal methods for training and evaluating the habituation learning behavior in larval zebrafish were available.

New Method: This study aims to establish effective training and detection protocols for habituation learning behavior in larval zebrafish by using the ViewPoint system.

Ferroptosis is partially responsible for dexamethasone-induced T cell ablation, but not osteoporosis in larval zebrafish.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been widely detected in the aquatic system. However, the hazardous effects of GCs on aquatic organisms were underestimated, and the mechanisms of GCs-induced toxic effects in fish were largely unknown. The zebrafish larvae at 3 dpf were exposed to dexamethasone (DEX) for 48 h, and the toxic effects and the underlying mechanisms were investigated in the current study.

Parental exposure to 3-methylcholanthrene before gestation adversely affected the endocrine system and spermatogenesis in male F1 offspring.

The compound 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) is an environmental pollutant belonging to the PAHs, which reportedly have the potential to disrupt the endocrine systems of animals. In the present study, 4-week-old male and female mice were given 3-MC through their diet at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg of chow for 6 weeks before pregnancy.

Parental exposure 3-methylcholanthrene disturbed the enterohepatic circulation in F1 generation of mice.

3-methylcholanthrene (3 MC) is an environmental compound belonging to the PAHs and is reportedly thought to be a risk factor for the prevalence of hepatic function disorder. Here, a dose of 0.5 mg/kg of 3 MC was given to 4-week-old male and female mice (F0) in their diet for 6 weeks.

6:2 Cl-PFESA has the potential to cause liver damage and induce lipid metabolism disorders in female mice through the action of PPAR-γ.

6:2 Cl-PFESA is a polyfluoroalkyl ether with high environmental persistence that has been confirmed to have significant adverse effects on animals. In this study, 6-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 0, 1, 3 and 10 μg/L 6:2 Cl-PFESA for 10 weeks to estimate the hepatotoxicity of 6:2 Cl-PFESA and explore its underlying molecular mechanism. The results indicated that 6:2 Cl-PFESA preferentially bioaccumulated in the liver and induced hepatic cytoplasmic vacuolation and hepatomegaly in mice.

Imidacloprid disturbed the gut barrier function and interfered with bile acids metabolism in mice.

The toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (IMI) to mammals has recently received increasing attention. However, the effects of IMI on the gut barrier and liver function of male C57BL/6J mice are still unknown. The study showed that exposure to IMI could reduce relative liver weights, change hepatic tissue morphology and induce hepatic oxidative stress.

Impaired ligand-dependent MET activation caused by an extracellular SEMA domain missense mutation in lung cancer.

Aberrant activation of the MET/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor participates in the malignant behavior of cancer cells, such as invasion-metastasis and resistance to molecular targeted drugs. Many mutations in the MET extracellular region have been reported, but their significance is largely unknown. Here, we report the dysregulation of mutant MET originally found in a lung cancer patient with Val370 to Asp370 (V370D) replacement located in the extracellular SEMA domain.

Cellular signaling and gene expression profiles evoked by a bivalent macrocyclic peptide that serves as an artificial MET receptor agonist.

Non-native ligands for growth factor receptors that are generated by chemical synthesis are applicable to therapeutics. However, non-native ligands often regulate cellular signaling and biological responses in a different manner than native ligands. Generation of surrogate ligands comparable to native ligands is a challenging need.

MET Activation by a Macrocyclic Peptide Agonist that Couples to Biological Responses Differently from HGF in a Context-Dependent Manner.

Non-native ligands for growth factor receptors with distinct chemical properties and different biological activities have the potential to become therapeutic applications. We previously generated MET/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor agonists using bivalent macrocyclic peptides. The highest MET-activating agonists exhibited biological activity that was indistinguishable from the effects of HGF.

Sub-chronically exposing mice to a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon increases lipid accumulation in their livers.

The potential for exposing humans and wildlife to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has increased. Risk assessments describing how PAHs disturb lipid metabolism and induce hepatotoxicity have only received limited attention. In the present study, seven-week-old male ICR mice received intraperitoneal injections of 0, 0.

Oral exposure of pubertal male mice to endocrine-disrupting chemicals alters fat metabolism in adult livers.

The potential for the exposure of humans and wildlife to environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been increasing. Risk assessment for such EDCs is primarily based on detecting the main endpoints related to the endocrine and reproductive systems, while the effects on glucose and fat metabolism have only received limited attention. In this study, pubertal male C57BL/6J mice were orally administered 10 mg/kg body weight cypermethrin (CYP), 100 mg/kg body weight atrazine (ATZ), and 0.

Differential expression of the main polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon responsive genes in the extrahepatic tissues of mice.

Unlabelled: The hepatic toxic effects, including carcinogenicity and oxidative stress, of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been extensively studied in recent years. Previous reports have demonstrated that 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) is capable of altering the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-regulated genes and antioxidant genes in liver, but little is known about the expression patterns in other tissues. To investigate whether similar effects could occur in the extrahepatic tissues, adult male ICR mice were received an intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg 3MC and then analyzed after 6 and 24 h.

Exposure of mice to atrazine and its metabolite diaminochlorotriazine elicits oxidative stress and endocrine disruption.

Effects of atrazine (ATZ) and its metabolite diaminochlorotriazine (DACT) on the induction of oxidative stress and endocrine disruption were studied in mice. Body and liver weights decreased in all ATZ and DACT treated groups. Hepatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly after 1 week of intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg ATZ, 100 and 200 mg/kg DACT.

Enantioselective disruption of the endocrine system by Cis-Bifenthrin in the male mice.

Bifenthrin (BF), as a chiral pyrethroid, is widely used to control field and household pests in China. At present, the commercial BF is a mixed compound containing cis isomers (cis-BF) including two enantiomers of 1R-cis-BF and 1S-cis-BF. In the present study, the two individual cis-BF enantiomers were separated by a preparative supercritical fluid chromatography.

Chronic exposure of mice to environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals disturbs their energy metabolism.

We evaluated the effects of a 20-week chronic exposure of mice to a low dose of cypermethrin (CYP), atrazine (ATZ) and 17α-ethynyestradiol (EE2) on energy metabolism. Here, male mice were exposed to 50 μg/kg BW/day CYP, 100 μg/kg BW/day ATZ or 1 μg/kg BW/day EE2 supplied in their drinking water for 20 weeks. During the exposure, mice were fed a high energy diet (HD).

Acute exposure to 3-methylcholanthrene induces hepatic oxidative stress via activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in mice.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most common contaminants in the environment. The primary focus on the toxicity of PAHs is their ability to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated pathway and lead to carcinogenesis in different organisms. However, the influence of PAHs on the antioxidant system in mammalian systems has received only limited attention.