Schwann cells are specific peripheral glial cells with remarkable plasticity following peripheral nerve injury. Injury responses stimulate c-Jun activation in Schwann cells, drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cellular phenotypic changes, and induce the generation of reprogrammed repair Schwann cells to orchestrate peripheral nerve regeneration process. Schwann cells and/or Schwann cell-derived molecules are commonly used as supporting cells and/or neurotrophic factors to construct Schwann cell-based tissue-engineered nerve grafts for repairing severe peripheral nerve injury with long defects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthnopharmacological Relevance: The root of Croton crassifolius Geiseler (C. crassifolius), commonly known as "Jiguxiang" in traditional Chinese medicine, is globally recognized for its ethnomedical applications in treating a spectrum of diseases. Crassifolin A (CA), a diterpenoid compound extracted from the roots of C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmphibian declines, driven by climate change (e.g., shifting temperatures, altered precipitation) and human activities like deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization, may lead to local extinctions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogenic infection leads to excessive senescent cell accumulation and stagnation of wound healing. To address these issues, we devise and develop a hydrogen selenide (HSe)-evolving bio-heterojunction (bio-HJ) composed of graphene oxide (GO) and FeSe to deracinate bacterial infection, suppress cellular senescence and remedy recalcitrant infected wounds. Excited by near-infrared (NIR) laser, the bio-HJ exerts desired photothermal and photodynamic effects, resulting in rapid disinfection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelecting thresholds to convert continuous predictions of species distribution models proves critical for many real-world applications and model assessments. Prevalent threshold selection methods for presence-only data require unproven pseudo-absence data or subjective researchers' decisions. This study proposes a new method, Boyce-Threshold Quantile Regression (BTQR), to determine thresholds objectively without pseudo-absence data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying pruritus regulation in Atopic dermatitis (AD).
Objective: To investigate the functional changes of the resting-state whole brain network of AD participants and the mechanisms by which they were involved in pruritus regulation.
Method: Based on the functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 19 AD participants and 37 healthy controls (HC), a graph-theoretical measure of degree centrality (DC) conjoined with a voxel-level seed-based functional connectivity (FC) method was used to identify abnormal higher-order nodes and the functionally relevant circuit in AD participants compared to healthy controls (HC).
Objectives: Abnormal mechanical stress is the pivotal risk factor of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). This study investigated the pathogenic mechanism by which abnormal mechanical stress induced chondrocyte senescence.
Materials And Methods: Cellular senescence was investigated in the rodent model of unilateral anterior crossbite and in the chondrocytes subjected to mechanical overloading in vitro.
In infectious ischemic wounds, a lack of blood perfusion significantly worsens microbe-associated infection symptoms and frequently complicates healing. To overcome this daunting issue, antibacterial and angiogenic (2A) bio-heterojunctions (bio-HJs) consisting of CuS/MXene heterojunctions and a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mimicking peptide (VMP) are devised and developed to accelerate infectious cutaneous regeneration by boosting angiogenesis via an endogenous-exogenous bistimulatory (EEB) strategy. Assisted by near-infrared irradiation, the bio-HJ platform exhibits versatile synergistic photothermal, photodynamic, and chemodynamic effects for robust antibacterial efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndonuclease G (ENDOG), a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial intermembrane space protein, is well known to be translocated into the nucleus during apoptosis. Recent studies have shown that ENDOG might enter the mitochondrial matrix to regulate mitochondrial genome cleavage and replication. However, little is known about the role of ENDOG in the cytosol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterial-mediated ferroptosis has garnered considerable interest in the antibacterial field, as it invokes the disequilibrium of ion homeostasis and boosts lipid peroxidation in extra- and intracellular bacteria. However, current ferroptosis-associated antibacterial strategies indiscriminately pose damage to healthy cells, ultimately compromising their biocompatibility. To address this daunting issue, this work has designed a precise ferroptosis bio-heterojunction (F-bio-HJ) consisting of Fe O , Ti C -MXene, and glucose oxidase (GOx) to induce extra-intracellular bacteria-targeted ferroptosis for infected diabetic cutaneous regeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreatments for malignant bone tumors are urgently needed to be developed due to the dilemma of precise resection of tumor tissue and subsequent bone defects. Although polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) has widely attracted attention in the orthopedic field, its bioinertness and poor osteogenic properties significantly restrict its applications in bone tumor treatment. To tackle the daunting issue, we use a hydrothermal technique to fabricate novel PEEK scaffolds modified with molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Thyroid dysfunction is often reported in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and may be associated with depression severity and psychotic symptoms. We included young adults with first-episode and untreated MDD to avoid the effect of age and disease duration on thyroid dysfunction and psychotic symptoms.
Methods: 481 young patients with MDD (aged 18-24 years) were recruited.
Int Immunopharmacol
January 2023
Periodontitis causes inflammatory destructions of tooth-supporting tissue and constitutes a significant burden on public health. Failing to reserve the tissue damage and bone loss by any of the currently available therapies has left periodontitis uncurable thus far. Understanding the molecular mechanism in the inflammatory process is crucial to elucidating the pathogenesis and enlightening new therapeutic strategies for periodontitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetic infectious micromilieu (DIM) leads to a critical failure rate of osseointegration by virtue of two main peculiarities: high levels of topical glucose and inevitable infection. To tackle the daunting issue, a bioheterojunction-engineered orthopedic polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implant consisting of copper sulfide/graphene oxide (CuS/GO) bioheterojunctions (bioHJs) and glucose oxidase (GOx) is conceived and developed for DIM enhanced disinfection and boosted osseointegration. Under hyperglycemic micromilieu, GOx can convert surrounding glucose into hydrogen peroxide (H O ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent studies have reported that the gut microbiota influences mood and cognitive function through the gut-brain axis, which is involved in the pathophysiology of neurocognitive and mental disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia. These disorders have similar pathophysiology to that of cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder (BD), including neuroinflammation and dysregulation of various neurotransmitters (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Smile analysis in horizontally angled views is indispensable for esthetic assessment and could reveal teeth-to-lip disharmony, which might escape discovery in the frontal and profile views. However, evidence is lacking on where the anterior teeth should be positioned for esthetics in angled smiles.
Methods: Based on 3-dimensional facial image processing and geometric analysis, the lip edges were projected to the horizontal plane, and the horizontal teeth-to-lip relation was simplified and represented by the distances from dental landmarks to lower bow-shaped curves (LBSC), with the distance from facial-axis (FA) point of the canine to LBSC (FA-tangent line [TL] distance) identified as the key parameter.
As a major risk factor to human health, obesity presents a massive burden to people and society. Interestingly, the obese status of parents can cause progeny's lipid accumulation through epigenetic inheritance in multiple species. To date, many questions remain as to how lipid accumulation leads to signals that are transmitted across generations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
April 2022
Introduction: Women with bipolar disorder (BD) present a high prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and other reproductive disorders even before diagnosis or treatment of the disease. Postulations on the potential molecular mechanisms of comorbid PCOS in women with BD remain limited to influence of medications and need further extension.
Objectives: This review focuses on evidence suggesting that common metabolic and immune disorders may play an important role in the development of BD and PCOS.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg
January 2022
Background: Alar retraction, as a type of alar deformity, seriously affects the esthetic perception of the nose in patients. Despite the rapid development of rhinoplasty in recent years, the treatment of alar retraction is still a challenge work in plastic surgery. This systematic review highlights the etiology, treatment, and prevention of alar retraction to further guide practitioners.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironmental stress can induce survival advantages that are passed down to multiple generations, representing an evolutionarily advantageous adaptation at the species level. Using the nematode worm as a model, we found that heat shock experienced in either parent could increase the longevity of themselves and up to the fifth generation of descendants. Mechanistic analyses revealed that transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO, heat shock factor HSF-1, and nuclear receptor DAF-12/FXR functioned transgenerationally to implement the hormetic stress response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mechanisms of inflammation in bone and joint tissue are complex and involve long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which play an important role in this process. The aim of the present study was to screen out differentially expressed genes in human osteoblasts stimulated by inflammation, and to further explore the mechanisms underlying inflammatory responses and the functional activity of human osteoblasts through bioinformatics methods and in vitro experiments. For this purpose, MG63 cells were stimulated with various concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for different periods of time to construct an optimal inflammatory model and RNA sequencing was then performed on these cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreatment of skeletal Class II patients with dual bite and idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is challenging for orthodontists because of the unstable position of the mandible as well as skeletal relapse attributed to improper seating of the mandibular condyles. This case report describes the successful treatment of an 18-year-old Mongolian man diagnosed with centric relation-maximum intercuspation discrepancy and ICR. After making a definitive diagnosis from verified centric relation using bilateral manipulation, orthodontic treatment was initiated followed by three-dimensional computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing prebent titanium plate-guided sagittal split ramus osteotomy and genioplasty.
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