Metal-Protein Hybrid Materials: Unlocking New Frontiers in Biomedical Applications.

Metal-protein hybrid materials represent a novel class of functional materials that exhibit exceptional physicochemical properties and tunable structures, rendering them remarkable applications in diverse fields, including materials engineering, biocatalysis, biosensing, and biomedicine. The design and development of multifunctional and biocompatible metal-protein hybrid materials have been the subject of extensive research and a key aspiration for practical applications in clinical settings. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the design strategies, intrinsic properties, and biomedical applications of these hybrid materials, with a specific emphasis on their potential in cancer therapy, drug and vaccine delivery, antibacterial treatments, and tissue regeneration.

Slit Lamp Report Generation and Question Answering: Development and Validation of a Multimodal Transformer Model with Large Language Model Integration.

Background: Large language models have shown remarkable efficacy in various medical research and clinical applications. However, their skills in medical image recognition and subsequent report generation or question answering (QA) remain limited.

Objective: We aim to finetune a multimodal, transformer-based model for generating medical reports from slit lamp images and develop a QA system using Llama2.

Metabolomic signature of retinal ageing, polygenetic susceptibility, and major health outcomes.

Background/aims: To identify the metabolic underpinnings of retinal aging and examine how it is related to mortality and morbidity of common diseases.

Methods: The retinal age gap has been established as essential aging indicator for mortality and systemic health. We applied neural network to train the retinal age gap among the participants in UK Biobank and used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to profile plasma metabolites.

Association of hypertension defined by the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline and choroidal thickness changes in type 2 diabetes: a 2-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: This prospective cohort study investigated the longitudinal relationship between hypertension (HTN), defined by the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines, and changes in choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Patients aged 30-80 years from the Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study were categorized into non-HTN, stage 1-HTN, and stage 2-HTN groups based on BP criteria. Macular and parapapillary CT were measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Initial Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Loss and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy Over a Four-Year Period.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the rapid rate of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thinning in short-term is associated with the future risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This prospective cohort study utilized 4-year follow-up data from the Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study. The pRNFL thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Sex-based differences in the associations between abdominal obesity and diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients with normal weight.

Purpose: To investigate sex-specific differences in associations of abdominal obesity indexes, systemic factors, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects with normal body mass index (BMI).

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 653 T2DM subjects (402 women and 251 men) with normal BMI (18.5 kg/m View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cost-effectiveness of incorporating self-imaging optical coherence tomography into fundus photography-based diabetic retinopathy screening.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) has emerged as the foremost cause of vision loss in the population with diabetes. Early detection of DME is paramount, yet the prevailing screening, relying on two-dimensional and labor-intensive fundus photography (FP), results in frequent unwarranted referrals and overlooked diagnoses. Self-imaging optical coherence tomography (SI-OCT), offering fully automated, three-dimensional macular imaging, holds the potential to enhance DR screening.

Mapping the global research landscape on depression for patients with chronic kidney disease: a bibliometric and visualized analysis from 2006 to 2022.

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), a complex and multifaceted health issue, significantly contributes to global mortality rates. Accompanying chronic conditions, depression notably exacerbates health outcomes, increasing both mortality risk and the burden on affected individuals. This study employs bibliometric and visual analytics to evaluate the evolution, current trends, and future research directions in the field of CKD and depression.

Plasma Metabolomics Identifies Key Metabolites and Improves Prediction of Diabetic Retinopathy: Development and Validation across Multinational Cohorts.

Purpose: To identify longitudinal metabolomic fingerprints of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to evaluate their usefulness in predicting DR development and progression.

Design: Multicenter, multiethnic cohort study.

Participants: This study included 17 675 participants from the UK Biobank (UKB) who had baseline prediabetes or diabetes, identified in accordance with the 2021 American Diabetes Association guidelines, and were free of baseline DR and an additional 638 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus from the Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study (GDES) for external validation.

Investigating the causal association of generalized and abdominal obesity with microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: A community-based prospective study.

Aim: The paradoxical protective association between overweight/obesity and diabetic microvascular complications (DMC), a phenomenon well-known as the obesity paradox, has been considered a non-causal association based on methodological influences. We aimed to investigate the association of generalized and abdominal obesity, as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), respectively, with DMC in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), using a causal inference approach.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 1436 patients with clinically diagnosed T2D but not DMC at baseline in a community-based prospective cohort in China between 2017 and 2019 and followed them annually until 2022 with new-onset DMC recorded.

Abnormal expression of LCA and CD43 in SCLC: a rare case report and brief literature review.

Background: To present an unusual case of abnormal LCA expression and CD43 in SCLC and to review the reported literature to avoid potential diagnostic pitfalls.

Case Presentation: A 73-year-old male patient suffered from persistent back pain for more than one month. MRI revealed a compression fracture of the L1-L5 vertebra.

Myopia and Rate of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Diabetic Patients Without Retinopathy: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between myopia and longitudinal changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in type 2 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: A total of 1069 participants with a median follow-up time of 1.9 years were included in this study.

POU2F3-positive small cell carcinoma of the bladder: A clinicopathologic analysis of 4 cases and literature review.

POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3)-positive small cell bladder carcinoma (SCBC) is an extremely rare entity, and its clinicopathologic features have not been fully described. Here, we investigated the clinicopathologic features of 4 cases of POU2F3-positive small cell bladder carcinoma (SCBC) and reviewed the literature. We collected 12 cases of SCBC from our departmental archives and detected the expression of POU2F3 by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.

Association of Visceral Obesity Indices With Incident Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Diabetes: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Visceral adipose tissue plays an active role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and vascular dysfunction. The lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and Chinese VAI (CVAI) have been proposed as simple and validated surrogate indices for measuring visceral adipose tissue. However, the evidence from prospective studies on the associations between these novel indices of visceral obesity and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains scant.

Optimizing hepatocellular carcinoma disease staging systems by incorporating tumor micronecrosis: A multi-institutional retrospective study.

Tumor micronecrosis is a pathological feature that reflects malignant biological behavior in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether micronecrosis can optimize HCC staging systems remains unilluminated. A total of 1632 HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy in four institutions from January 2014 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study.

Frailty and risk of microvascular disease in adults with prediabetes.

Background And Aims: To assess the relationship between frailty phenotypes and the risk of MVD among prediabetics in two prospective cohorts.

Methods: The study included 66,068 and 226 participants with prediabetes from the UK Biobank (UKB) and Chinese Ocular Imaging Project (COIP) in Guangzhou, China, respectively. Frailty was evaluated using the Fried phenotype, which includes weight loss, fatigue, low grip strength, low physical activity, and slow walking pace.

Melan-A expression in non-melanocytic carcinoma: A potential diagnostic pitfall.

Background: Melan-A/MART-1 is a melanocytic differentiation marker recognized as an antigen on melanoma cells. It is a useful diagnostic marker for pathologists in the diagnosis of melanocytic tumors. However, we recently found that Melan-A can be expressed in some non-melanocytic carcinomas that are rarely reported in the literature.

The action logic of the older adults about health-seeking in South Rural China.

Background: The Chinese government has invested significant resources to build many rural healthcare stations. However, in the face of convenient medical paths and accessible medical resources, the utilization rate of health services for older adults in rural areas is surprisingly low. This study explored why health-seeking behavior among older adults in rural China was not active.

Six-Year Change in Cataract Surgical Coverage and Postoperative Visual Outcomes in Rural Southern China: The Yangxi Eye Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate a 6-year change in cataract surgical coverage (CSC), effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC), and visual outcomes in an elderly population in rural southern China.

Design: This is a prospective population-based study with a 6-year follow-up.

Methods: The study included rural residents aged 50 years and above in southern China with comprehensive eye examinations at baseline and follow-up in 2014 and 2020, respectively.