The N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation to prevent depression recurrence in patients with late-life depression: A 52-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Reports on the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for the treatment of late-life depression (LLD) are mixed, and most studies focus on the modification of depressive symptoms rather than depression prevention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of n-3 PUFAs in preventing depressive recurrence in patients with late-life depression. In addition, we investigated the effects of n-3 PUFAs on changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms and inflammatory markers in LLD.

Antipsychotic medications and severe sepsis in schizophrenia: A nested case-control study.

Background: Sepsis constitutes a condition that involves life-threatening organ dysfunction induced by severe infection. This nested case-control study investigated risk factors for severe sepsis and whether antipsychotic use is associated with severe sepsis risk in patients with schizophrenia, a topic that has not been comprehensively explored in previous studies.

Methods: We selected 39,432 patients with schizophrenia aged between 15 and 65 years from Taiwan's Psychiatric Inpatient Medical Claims database for the period 2000-2012.

Cluster analysis exploring the impact of childhood neglect on cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental disorder related to neurocognitive deficits. Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with worse cognitive performance. Different compositions of childhood trauma in BD and their impacts on cognition are rarely reported.

Cluster analysis dissecting cognitive deficits in older adults with major depressive disorder and the association with neurofilament light chain.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a growing problem with increasing burden in global aging. Older adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) have higher risk of dementia. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has been proven as a potential biomarker in neurodegenerative disease, including dementia.

Efficacy of neuromodulation on the treatment of fibromyalgia: A network meta-analysis.

Objective: Several types of neuromodulation have been investigated for the treatment of fibromyalgia, but they show varied efficacy on pain, functioning, comorbid depression and comorbid anxiety. Whether some types of neuromodulation or some factors are associated with a better response also awaits clarification.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of neuromodulation in patients with fibromyalgia.

Unfavorable cancer mortality-to-incidence ratios in patients with schizophrenia: A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan, 2000-2019.

Objectives: Studies on cancer incidence and mortality in patients with schizophrenia have reported inconsistent findings. In this study, we simultaneously investigated cancer incidence and mortality in patients with schizophrenia and evaluated the cancer mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR), which is rare in the literature.

Methods: From the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database, we collected the data of 107,489 patients who received a diagnosis of schizophrenia between 2000 and 2019.

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Clinical studies examining the effects of vitamin D on cognition have reported inconsistent results. To date, no comprehensive study has examined this effect on the basis of sample characteristics or intervention model-related factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on global cognitive function and specific cognitive domains.

Effects of early aquatic exercise intervention on trunk strength and functional recovery of patients with lumbar fusion: a randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated the effectiveness of an early aquatic exercise program on trunk muscle function and functional recovery of patients with lumbar fusion. Twenty-eight subjects were divided into two equal groups. Patients in the aquatic group performed two 60-min aquatic exercise sessions and three 60-min home exercise sessions per week for 6 weeks, whereas those in the control group performed five sessions of 60-min home exercises per week for 6 weeks.

Neuroprotective Effects of a Multi-Herbal Extract on Axonal and Synaptic Disruption and Cognitive Impairment .

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by cognitive decline. Current available therapeutics for AD have limited clinical benefit. Therefore, preventive therapies for interrupting the development of AD are critically needed.

The interactions between vitamin D and neurofilament light chain levels on cognitive domains in bipolar disorder.

Background: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental disorder related to cognitive deficits. Low serum vitamin D levels are significantly associated with compromised cognition in neuropsychiatric disorders. Although patients with bipolar disorder frequently exhibit hypovitaminosis D, the association between vitamin D and cognition in bipolar disorder, and their neuroaxonal integrity, is unclear.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Paliperidone in Patients With Schizophrenia in Taiwan.

Background: The blood level of antipsychotics affects clinical responses to the drug; it can be influenced by race and several individual factors. This study analyzed the therapeutic plasma concentrations (Cps) of paliperidone for both oral and long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations in clinical samples from Taiwanese patients.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and treated with either oral paliperidone for at least 4 weeks or LAI paliperidone for at least 6 months were enrolled.

Risk Factors for the Development of Colistin Resistance during Colistin Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections.

Colistin is one of the last-resort options for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections if novel antibiotics are unavailable, where the development of colistin resistance during treatment represents a major challenge for clinicians. We aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with the development of colistin resistance in patients with CRKP infections following colistin treatment. We conducted a retrospective case-control study of patients with CRKP strains available before and after colistin treatment at a medical center in Taiwan, between October 2016 and November 2020.

Altered corticospinal excitability of scapular muscles in individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome.

The purpose of this study is to assess and compare corticospinal excitability in the upper and lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles in participants with and without shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). Fourteen participants with SIS, and 14 without SIS were recruited through convenient sampling in this study. Transcranial magnetic stimulation assessment of the scapular muscles was performed while the participants were holding their arm at 90 degrees scaption.

Effect of Pharmacological and Neurostimulation Interventions for Cognitive Domains in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: The priority of interventions to alleviate cognitive deficits in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is inconclusive. We systematically evaluate the efficacy of pharmacological or neurostimulation interventions for cognitive function in BD through a network meta-analysis.

Methods: The PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from database inception to September 30, 2021.

The Heterogeneity of Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in Euthymic Bipolar I Disorder With Clinical Characteristics and Functional Outcomes.

We characterized the heterogeneity and risk factors of cognitive decline in euthymic bipolar disorder (BD), and their magnitude of associations with subjective daily functions. In this retrospective cohort, BD type I patients ( = 128) were followed for an average of 6.5 years.

Risk factors and mechanisms of in vivo emergence of colistin resistance in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Colistin is one of the last-resort antibiotics for treating carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). However, colistin resistance in CRKP poses a global antimicrobial crisis, as therapeutic options are limited. We investigated risk factors for in vivo emergence of colistin resistance in CRKP and explored the underlying resistance mechanisms.