Early exposure to general anesthesia may contribute to later attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Study Objective: The association between early childhood exposure to general anesthesia and subsequent risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder remains unknown.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Patients: Children undergoing general anesthesia.

Dynamics of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and its response to meteorological drought in the Yellow River Basin.

Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has been used since its discovery to characterize vegetation photosynthesis and is an effective tool for monitoring vegetation dynamics. Its response to meteorological drought enhances our comprehension of the ecological consequences and adaptive mechanisms of plants facing water scarcity, informing more efficient resource management and efforts in mitigating climate change. This study investigates the spatial and temporal patterns of SIF and examines how vegetation SIF in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) responds to meteorological drought.

Investigating the long-term response of plateau vegetation productivity to extreme climate: insights from a case study in Qinghai Province, China.

Over the past three decades, there has been a significant global climate change characterized by an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme climate events. The vegetation status in Qinghai Province has undergone substantial changes, which are more pronounced than other regions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, a clear understanding of the response characteristics of plateau vegetation to extreme climate events is currently lacking.

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of surface water area in the Yellow River Basin from 1986 to 2021.

The Yellow River Basin is short of water resources. The dynamic monitoring of surface water area is helpful to clarify the distribution and change trend of water resources in this area. It is of great scientific significance to deeply understand the impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources and ensure the ecological security of the basin.

Deep Learning-Based Model Significantly Improves Diagnostic Performance for Assessing Renal Histopathology in Lupus Glomerulonephritis.

Background: Assessment of glomerular lesions and structures plays an essential role in understanding the pathological diagnosis of glomerulonephritis and prognostic evaluation of many kidney diseases. Renal pathophysiological assessment requires novel high-throughput tools to conduct quantitative, unbiased, and reproducible analyses representing a central readout. Deep learning may be an effective tool for glomerulonephritis pathological analysis.

[Determination of 10 pyrethroid pesticide residues in tea by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with multi-plug filtration cleanup].

A method for the determination of 10 pyrethroid pesticide residues in tea was established by multi-plug filtration cleanup (m-PFC) method combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Different extraction solvents (acetonitrile, acetone and ethyl acetate) and extraction methods (immersion without water and immersion with water) were compared. The effect of two kinds of QuEChERS pipes and m-PFC column on the purification of tea extracts and the pesticide recoveries were compared.

[Effects of shrub patch pattern on runoff and sediment yield].

Understanding the changes of runoff, sediment transport, and hydrodynamic parameters of slopes under the influence of landscape patch coverage and connectivity is of great significance for revealing the hydrodynamic mechanism and hydrological connectivity of slope soil erosion process. In this study, the changes of runoff, sediment transport and hydrodynamic parameters of downhill surface in different coverage levels (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 90%) and different connectivity modes (vertical path, horizonal path, S-shaped path, random patches) of shrublands were analyzed by field artificial simulated rainfall test. The results showed that, with the increases of shrub cove-rage, runoff yield and sediment yield decreased exponentially.

A label-free aptasensor for turn-on fluorescent detection of ochratoxin A based on aggregation-induced emission probe.

A novel label-free fluorescence aptasensor used for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) is presented in this study. When aggregated on the surface of DNA aptamer, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescence probe presents turn-on fluorescence property. The method proposed in this article was based on an AIE probe, 4, 4-(1E,1E)-2, 2-(anthracene-9, 10-diyl) bis (ethene-2, 1-diyl) bis (N, N, N-trimethylbenzenaminium iodide) (DSAI).

Hydrologic alteration and possible underlying causes in the Wuding River, China.

Understanding hydrological alteration of rivers and the potential driving factors are crucial for water resources management in the watershed. This study analyzed the daily runoff time series at six gauging stations during 1960-2016 in Wuding River basin, northwestern China. The Mann-Kendall test and Lee-Heghinian method were employed to detect the temporal trends and abrupt changes in annual streamflow.

A label-free fluorometric aptasensor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection based on aggregation-induced emission probe.

Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE), the development of a label-free, simple and sensitive fluorometric aptasensor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection is described. With ATP present, the aptamers will combine with ATP and the conformation of the aptamer will switch from a random coil to an antiparallel G-quadruplex, which impedes the digestion by exonuclease I (Exo I). Addition of 4,4 -(1E,1E)-2,2-(anthracene-9,10-diyl) bis (ethene-2,1-diyl) bis (N,N, N-trimethyl-benzenaminium iodide) (DSAI) into the solution will cause aggregation of DSAI on the surface of the aptamer/ATP complex and consequently give rise to strong emission.

Rotundic acid induces Cas3-MCF-7 cell apoptosis through the p53 pathway.

In the present study, the functions and mechanisms of rotundic acid (RA) underlying its induction of apoptosis in caspase-3-transfected MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (Cas3-MCF-7 cells) were investigated. RA induced apoptosis in Cas3-MCF-7 cells more efficiently compared with that in MCF-7 cells transfected with control plasmid. The results from an MTT assay demonstrated that RA effectively inhibited Cas3-MCF-7 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and induced cell apoptosis via caspase-3 activity within 12 to 48 h.

Exchanging the order of carotenogenic genes linked by porcine teschovirus-1 2A peptide enable to optimize carotenoid metabolic pathway in .

The yeast serves as a promising host for the production of a wide range of chemical compounds and fuels. Currently, simultaneous expression of several genes could be achieved the use of 2A viral peptides, yet detailed characterizations to assess the discrepancy of different orders of genes linked by 2A peptides are rarely sufficient. In this study, we investigated the effects of the order of genes linked by porcine teschovirus-1 2A (P2A) peptide on the metabolic pathway in .

[Determination of 50 pesticide residues in fruits by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

A method for the determination of 50 pesticides in fruits by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was developed. The three QuEChERS methods (the original one without buffer, the one with acetate buffer and the one with citrate buffer) were compared. The purification effects of primary secondary amine (PSA) and SinChERS-Nano column were also investigated.

Rotundic acid enhances the impact of radiological toxicity on MCF-7 cells through the ATM/p53 pathway.

Although radiation therapy is a powerful anticancer modality, radiation- induced stress response and gene expression with adaptive resistance may severely compromise the effectiveness of radiation. The function of rotundic acid (RA) on inducing apoptosis in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 has been investigated in a previous study. In the present study, the combined effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on reducing side effects was examined.

Therapeutic effect of chitosan on CCl4‑induced hepatic fibrosis in rats.

Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide that is made by treating the chitin shells of shrimp and crustaceans with an alkaline substance, for example sodium hydroxide. Due to its unique physical and chemical properties, chitosan has a wide range of applications in the medical field. Currently, there are no effective treatments for liver fibrosis; therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of chitosan in a CCl4‑induced hepatic fibrosis (HF) rat model.

Expression of phosphotransacetylase in leading to improved cell growth and lipid production.

Microbial lipids (MLs) are potential alternatives to vegetable oils and animal fats for production of biofuels and oleochemicals. It remains critical to improve ML production efficiency and costs for further commercial development. In the present study, we overexpressed a gene encoding phosphotransacetylase (Pta) in the oleaginous yeast for enhanced cell growth and lipid production.

Reduced sediment transport in the Chinese Loess Plateau due to climate change and human activities.

The sediment load on the Chinese Loess Plateau has sharply decreased in recent years. However, the contribution of terrace construction and vegetation restoration projects to sediment discharge reduction remains uncertain. In this paper, eight catchments located in the Loess Plateau were chosen to explore the effects of different driving factors on sediment discharge changes during the period from the 1960s to 2012.

Assessing response of sediment load variation to climate change and human activities with six different approaches.

Understanding the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to variations in sediment load is of great importance for regional soil, and river basin management. Considerable studies have investigated spatial-temporal variation of sediment load within the Loess Plateau; however, contradictory findings exist among methods used. This study systematically reviewed six quantitative methods: simple linear regression, double mass curve, sediment identity factor analysis, dam-sedimentation based method, the Sediment Delivery Distributed (SEDD) model, and the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model.

Developing a flippase-mediated maker recycling protocol for the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides.

Objectives: To establish a recombinase flippase (FLP) and flippase recognition target (FRT) system-mediated protocol for post-integration excision of exogenous DNA fragments in the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides.

Results: Binary vectors were constructed to harbor FLP expressing cassette together with the hygromycin-resistance marker. Results showed that R.

Prediction of aboveground grassland biomass on the Loess Plateau, China, using a random forest algorithm.

Grasslands are an important component of terrestrial ecosystems that play a crucial role in the carbon cycle and climate change. In this study, we collected aboveground biomass (AGB) data from 223 grassland quadrats distributed across the Loess Plateau from 2011 to 2013 and predicted the spatial distribution of the grassland AGB at a 100-m resolution from both meteorological station and remote sensing data (TM and MODIS) using a Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The results showed that the predicted grassland AGB on the Loess Plateau decreased from east to west.

Sodium cantharidinate induces HepG2 cell apoptosis through LC3 autophagy pathway.

The function of sodium cantharidinate on inducing hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis was investigated for the first time. Sodium cantharidinate inhibits HepG2 cell growth mainly by LC3 autophagy pathway. MTT results show that sodium cantharidinate effectively inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induce cell apoptosis by caspase-3 activity.

Role of S100A3 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and the anticancer effect of sodium cantharidinate.

The fifth most common cancer worldwide is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has an annual mortality rate of ~800,000. Although surgical procedures for HCC, such as hepatic resection and liver transplantation, have progressed and the outcomes of patients have improved, HCC is still characterized by frequent recurrence, even after liver transplantation. In the present study the expression of the protein coding gene, S100 calcium binding protein A3 (S100A3), was observed in 62 HCC tissues and tumor-surrounding tissues.

Fast and efficient genetic transformation of oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides by using electroporation.

Metabolic engineering of Rhodosporidium toruloides, a robust lipid and caroteinoid producer, is of great importance for oleochemicals and carotenoids production. However, the Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation is tedious and time consuming. Here, we described a fast and efficient genetic transformation of R.

Homologous gene targeting of a carotenoids biosynthetic gene in Rhodosporidium toruloides by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.

Objectives: To target a carotenoid biosynthetic gene in the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides by using the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) method.

Results: The RHTO_04602 locus of R. toruloides NP11, previously assigned to code the carotenoid biosynthetic gene CRTI, was amplified from genomic DNA and cloned into the binary plasmid pZPK-mcs, resulting in pZPK-CRT.