DNA-damage orchestrates self-renewal and differentiation via reciprocal p53 family and Hippo/Wnt/TGF-β pathway activation in embryonic stem cells.

The mechanism by which DNA-damage affects self-renewal and pluripotency remains unclear. DNA damage and repair mechanisms have been largely elucidated in mutated cancer cells or simple eukaryotes, making valid interpretations on early development difficult. Here we show the impact of ionizing irradiation on the maintenance and early differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs).

Targeting extracellular matrix stiffness for cancer therapy.

The physical characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) include solid stress, interstitial fluid pressure, tissue stiffness and microarchitecture. Among them, abnormal changes in tissue stiffness hinder drug delivery, inhibit infiltration of immune killer cells to the tumor site, and contribute to tumor resistance to immunotherapy. Therefore, targeting tissue stiffness to increase the infiltration of drugs and immune cells can offer a powerful support and opportunities to improve the immunotherapy efficacy in solid tumors.

Dynamic Regulation of Cell Mechanotransduction through Sequentially Controlled Mobile Surfaces.

The physical properties of nanoscale cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) ligands profoundly impact biological processes, such as adhesion, motility, and differentiation. While the mechanoresponse of cells to static ligands is well-studied, the effect of dynamic ligand presentation with "adaptive" properties on cell mechanotransduction remains less understood. Utilizing a controllable diffusible ligand interface, we demonstrated that cells on surfaces with rapid ligand mobility could recruit ligands through activating integrin α5β1, leading to faster focal adhesion growth and spreading at the early adhesion stage.

Compiling and applying atmospheric resource balance sheet in off-office auditing of leading cadres in China.

Atmospheric resources provide important support for human economic and social systems through their unique ecosystem service functions. Implementing the off-office auditing of atmospheric resources for leading cadres holds great strategic significance for fundamentally solve air pollution problems. Exploring the compilation of an atmospheric resource balance sheet is a necessary pre-step in the implementation of outgoing audits.

Conserved mechanisms of self-renewal and pluripotency in mouse and human ESCs regulated by simulated microgravity using a 3D clinostat.

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) exhibit unique attributes of boundless self-renewal and pluripotency, making them invaluable for fundamental investigations and clinical endeavors. Previous examinations of microgravity effects on ESC self-renewal and differentiation have predominantly maintained a descriptive nature, constrained by limited experimental opportunities and techniques. In this investigation, we present compelling evidence derived from murine and human ESCs, demonstrating that simulated microgravity (SMG)-induced stress significantly impacts self-renewal and pluripotency through a previously unidentified conserved mechanism.

Molecular eidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex in a tertiary hospital in Shandong, China.

Background: The increasing incidence and prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CREC) poses great challenges to infection prevention and disease treatment. However, much remains unknown about the clinical characteristics of CREC isolates. Our objective was to characterize antimicrobial resistance and, carbapenemase production in CREC with 36 CREC isolates collected from a tertiary hospital in Shandong, China.

Inhibition of osteosarcoma by European Mistletoe derived val-miR218.

Aim: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the therapeutic potential of plant-derived miRNAs, which have been considered new bioactive ingredients in medicinal plants. L., commonly used as an adjuvant cancer therapy in central Europe, contains a large number of miRNAs associated with human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders.

[Effects of 24 Years Different Straw Return on Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Extracellular Enzymatic Stoichiometry in Dryland of the Loess Plateau, China].

Exploring the biogeochemical cycle characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in farmland in the dryland of the loess plateau can provide scientific basis and technical support for efficient crop production and sustainable land use. Here, based on a long-term (24 year) straw return field experiment in Shouyang, Shanxi province, the effects of different straw return regimes, i.e.

Static and Dynamic: Evolving Biomaterial Mechanical Properties to Control Cellular Mechanotransduction.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic system that constantly offers physical, biological, and chemical signals to embraced cells. Increasing evidence suggests that mechanical signals derived from the dynamic cellular microenvironment are essential controllers of cell behaviors. Conventional cell culture biomaterials, with static mechanical properties such as chemistry, topography, and stiffness, have offered a fundamental understanding of various vital biochemical and biophysical processes, such as cell adhesion, spreading, migration, growth, and differentiation.

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensor for detection of mycotoxins: A review.

Mycotoxin is one of the most important natural pollutants, which poses a global threat to food safety. However, the pollution of mold in food production is inevitable. The detection technology of mycotoxins in food production is an important means to prevent the damage of mycotoxins, so rapid detection and screening to avoid pollution diffusion is essential.

A One-step strategy to target essential factors with auxin-inducible degron system in mouse embryonic stem cells.

The self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are conferred by networks including transcription factors and histone modifiers. The Auxin-inducible degron (AID) system can rapidly and reversibly degrade its target proteins and is becoming a powerful tool to explore novel function of key pluripotent and histone modifier genes in ESCs. However, the low biallelic tagging efficiency and a basal degradation level of the current AID systems deem it unsuitable to target key pluripotent genes with tightly controlled expression levels.

"Raspberry" Hierarchical Topographic Features Regulate Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Adhesion and Differentiation via Enhanced Mechanosensing.

An understanding of cellular mechanoresponses to well-defined synthetic topographic features is crucial for the fundamental research and biomedical applications of stem cells. Structured biointerfaces, in particular the ones with nanometer and/or micrometer surficial features, have drawn more attention in the past few decades. However, it is still difficult to integrate nanostructures and microstructures onto the synthesized biointerfaces to mimic the hierarchical architecture of the native extracellular matrix (ECM).

Clonality, virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood in Shandong, China.

Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) can be life-threatening and pose a great challenge to infection control and clinical treatment. However, little information exists regarding the characterization of S.

Bacteremia in a Middle-Aged Healthy Man with Acute Hepatic Abscess: Case Report and Literature Review, 1970-2020.

() is a rare but significant human emerging pathogen. Infections caused by it are rare and little-known, both on clinical and therapeutical aspects, in spite of new emergence of bacteria isolation and identification techniques. In this article, we report a case involving a previously healthy 52-year-old man suffering from a newly diagnosed hepatic abscess who developed bacteremia, which was treated successfully using empirical therapy with ertapenem and teicoplanin.

Long-term effects of maize straw return and manure on the microbial community in cinnamon soil in Northern China using 16S rRNA sequencing.

Excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural practices have demonstrated a significant impact on microbial diversity and community in soil by altering soil physical and chemical properties, thereby leading to a certain degree of soil salinization and nutritional imbalances. As an organic amendment, maize straw has been widely used to improve soil quality; however, its effect on the soil bacterial community remains limited in Calcarie-Fluvie Cambisols soil in semi-humid arid plateau of North China. In the present experiment, we investigated the effects of continuous straw utilization and fertilization on bacterial communities in Shouyang, Shanxi province, China.

Wilms' Tumor 1-Associated Protein Contributes to Chemo-Resistance to Cisplatin Through the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Endometrial Cancer.

Background: Cisplatin remains the mainstay of endometrial cancer (EC) chemotherapy. Wilms' tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP), playing a critical role in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, has been reported as an oncogene, and its expression is elevated in multiple types of human tumors. Recent evidence has shown that the increased expression of WTAP is also closely related to chemo-resistance.

Self-Strengthening Adhesive Force Promotes Cell Mechanotransduction.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes dynamic remodeling and progressive stiffening during tissue regeneration and disease progression. However, most of the artificial ECMs and in vitro disease models are mechanically static. Here, a self-strengthening polymer coating mimicking the dynamic nature of native ECM is designed to study the cellular response to dynamic biophysical cues and promote cell mechanical sensitive response.

Zinc transporter SLC39A7 relieves zinc deficiency to suppress alternative macrophage activation and impairment of phagocytosis.

Macrophages are key phagocytic cells and play an important role in eliminating external microorganisms and endogenous danger signals. Dysregulation in macrophage functions have been reported in patients with asthma. Zinc homeostasis is critical in maintaining macrophage functions.

Ligand Diffusion Enables Force-Independent Cell Adhesion via Activating α5β1 Integrin and Initiating Rac and RhoA Signaling.

Cells reside in a dynamic microenvironment in which adhesive ligand availability, density, and diffusivity are key factors regulating cellular behavior. Here, the cellular response to integrin-binding ligand dynamics by directly controlling ligand diffusivity via tunable ligand-surface interactions is investigated. Interestingly, cell spread on the surfaces with fast ligand diffusion is independent of myosin-based force generation.

Surface Roughness Gradients Reveal Topography-Specific Mechanosensitive Responses in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

The topographic features of an implant, which mechanically regulate cell behaviors and functions, are critical for the clinical success in tissue regeneration. How cells sense and respond to the topographical cues, e.g.

Molecular Signaling and Nutritional Regulation in the Context of Poultry Feather Growth and Regeneration.

The normal growth and regeneration of feathers is important for improving the welfare and economic value of poultry. Feather follicle stem cells are the basis for driving feather development and are regulated by various molecular signaling pathways in the feather follicle microenvironment. To date, the roles of the Wnt, Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP), Notch, and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathways in the regulation of feather growth and regeneration are among the best understood.

Surface Roughness and Substrate Stiffness Synergize To Drive Cellular Mechanoresponse.

Material surface topographic features have been shown to be crucial for tissue regeneration and surface treatment of implanted devices. Many biomaterials were investigated with respect to the response of cells on surface roughness. However, some conclusions even conflicted with each other due to the unclear interplay of surface topographic features and substrate elastic features as well as the lack of mechanistic studies.