Effect of hot-air drying on drying characteristics and quality of tiger nut.

Background: The delayed drying of newly harvested tiger nuts can lead to mold and rancidity. Timely drying is therefore important. However, few studies have analyzed the impact of hot-air drying on the quality of tiger-nut oil and starch, making it essential to establish optimal drying conditions.

A novel non-centrifugal sugar prepared from tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) meal: Preparation methods and comparison with sugarcane.

The lack of research on the rich sucrose in tiger nut meal has been a major obstruction to the comprehensive utilization of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.). In this study, for the first time, tiger nut meal was used to producing non-centrifugal sugar (NCS).

A Heat and Mass Transfer Model of Peanut Convective Drying Based on a Two-Component Structure.

In order to optimize the convective drying process parameters of peanuts and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific use of energy in the drying process, this study took single-particle peanuts as the research object and analyzed the heat and mass transfer process during convective drying. In addition, a 3D two-component moisture heat transfer model for peanuts was constructed based on the mass balance and heat balance theorem. Moreover, the changes in the internal temperature and concentration fields of peanut pods during the whole drying process were investigated by simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics.

Corrigendum: Characterization of structure and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from sesame seed hull.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.

l-Cysteine directing synthesis of BiOBr nanosheets for efficient cefazolin photodegradation: The pivotal role of thiol.

Cefazolin (CFZ) is widely present in the wastewater treatment effluents and in receiving waters and has caused severe impacts to the ecosystem. CFZ degradation by photocatalysis has attracted increasing attention due to its eco-friendly features. Herein, we presented a green synthesis strategy for a highly active BiOBr photocatalyst for CFZ removal with L-cysteine as a directing agent, and the role of thiol in cysteine for facets control and morphology regulation was discussed.

Effects of ultrasonic vacuum drying on the drying kinetics, dynamic moisture distribution, and microstructure of honey drying process.

The aim of this study was to study the strengthening effect of ultrasonic vacuum technique on the drying kinetics, moisture distribution, and microstructure of honey using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that ultrasonic vacuum drying technique could substantially shorten the drying time from 600 to 60 min, compared with vacuum drying. The sonochemical effects of ultrasonic vacuum drying were enhanced with the increased ultrasonic power and were more obvious in the initial stage of drying.

Characterization and macrophage immunomodulatory activity of two polysaccharides from the flowers of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.

Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. has a long history of cultivation in China and its flower possesses high nutritional and medicinal value. Characterization and macrophage immunomodulatory activity of the two polysaccharides from the flowers of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.

Effects of low molecular sugars on the retrogradation of tapioca starch gels during storage.

The effects of low molecular sugars (sucrose, glucose and trehalose) on the retrogradation of tapioca starch (TS) gels stored at 4°C for different periods were examined with different methods. Decrease in melting enthalpy (ΔHmelt) were obtained through differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Analysis of decrease in crystallization rate constant (k) and increase in semi-crystallization time (τ1/2) results obtained from retrogradation kinetics indicated that low molecular sugars could retard the retrogradation of TS gels and further revealed trehalose as the best inhibitor among the sugars used in this study.

Optimization of demineralization on Cyprinus carpio haematopterus scale by response surface methodology.

Fish scale, separated during fish mechanical processing, can serve as an additional source of proteins, especially of collagen proteins. To obtain high purity native collagen, it is required to carry out deproteinization and demineralization of fish scales. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for demineralization of Cyprinus carpio haematopterus scale without loss of collagen content in HCl solution.

Evaluation of the sedative and hypnotic effects of Eucommiol in Eucommia.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sedative and hypnotic effects of Eucommiol, a monomer compound extracted from male Eucommia flowers using a system solvent method. Eucommiol shows significant effects in mice, including reduced spontaneous activity, and increased the sleep ratio or lengthened the sleep time with a subthreshold or superthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium, respectively. In addition, could effectively shorten sleep latency, reduce convulsion rate and prolong convulsion latency.

MRT letter: localization of endogenous hydrogen peroxide by modified processes of sample preparation for transmission electron microscope in Escherichia coli.

The bacterial endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) was detected cytochemically by its reaction with cerium chloride (CeCl(3)) to produce electron-dense deposits of cerium perhydroxides. The sequence of fixation and CeCl(3) staining of H(2)O(2) in the processing of transmission electron microscope (TEM) sample preparation is crucial to the localization of endogenous H(2)O(2) in Escherichia coli. In this study, results confirmed that the process that fixation simultaneously with CeCl(3) staining provided optimum effects for H(2)O(2) localization in E.

Effect of juice and fermented vinegar from Hovenia dulcis peduncles on chronically alcohol-induced liver damage in mice.

The protective effects of juice and fermented vinegar from Hovenia dulcis peduncles on chronically ethanol-induced biochemical changes in male mice were investigated. Administration of ethanol (50%, v/v, 10 mL kg⁻¹) to mice for 6 weeks induced liver damage with a significant increase (P < 0.01) of the liver index, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) in the serum and the hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) level.

Modeling the QSAR of ACE-Inhibitory Peptides with ANN and Its Applied Illustration.

A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model of angiotensin-converting enzyme- (ACE-) inhibitory peptides was built with an artificial neural network (ANN) approach based on structural or activity data of 58 dipeptides (including peptide activity, hydrophilic amino acids content, three-dimensional shape, size, and electrical parameters), the overall correlation coefficient of the predicted versus actual data points is R = 0.928, and the model was applied in ACE-inhibitory peptides preparation from defatted wheat germ protein (DWGP). According to the QSAR model, the C-terminal of the peptide was found to have principal importance on ACE-inhibitory activity, that is, if the C-terminal is hydrophobic amino acid, the peptide's ACE-inhibitory activity will be high, and proteins which contain abundant hydrophobic amino acids are suitable to produce ACE-inhibitory peptides.

Effect of energy-gathered ultrasound on Alcalase.

This research was to explore the mechanism of ultrasonic impact on protease activity. The effects of energy-gathered ultrasound on the activity, kinetics, thermodynamics and molecular structure of Alcalase were investigated with the aid of the chemical reaction kinetics model, Arrhenius equation, Eyring transition state theory, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Results showed that ultrasound had effect on the activity of Alcalase.